scholarly journals Analysis of polymorphism of microsatellite markers linked to a longterm net form of net blotch resistance gene in winter barley varieties in the south of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Dontsova ◽  
A. V. Alabushev ◽  
M. V. Lebedeva ◽  
E. K. Potokina
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Highly Effective

Net form of net blotch (NFNT) is the most dangerous and devastating disease of barley causing huge losses in Russia. Highly effective gene rpt 5 determining resistance to net blotch pathogen in Russia was used in the study. A set of 95 winter barley indigenous and exotic varieties were studied to identify the genotypes with the alleles of 153 and 155 bp for the locus bmag173 and the alleles of 186, 188, 192 bp for the locus hvm74 exhibiting resistance to the net blotch pathogen (Pyrenophora teres Drechs. f. teres) occurring in North Caucasus region of Russia.

Effects of incorporating straw, using different cultivation systems, and of burning it, on diseases of winter barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Jenkyn ◽  
R. J. Gutteridge ◽  
A. D. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Winter Barley ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Pseudocercosporella Herpotrichoides ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Consistent Effect ◽  
Barley Net Blotch ◽  
Take All

SUMMARYAn experiment at Rothamsted in 1985–89 and another at Whaddon in 1986 studied the effects of incorporating straw on diseases of winter barley. Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres) and leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis) were initially less severe where straw was burnt or incorporated by ploughing than where cultivations only partially buried it. However, by summer both diseases were usually more severe where straw had been burnt than where it had been incorporated. At Whaddon, eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) tended to be less severe in tine-cultivated plots where straw was incorporated than where it was burnt, but at Rothamsted, where the straw treatments were confounded with cultivations, there was no consistent effect. The disease was usually more severe where straw was incorporated by ploughing than where it was incorporated using other methods. In contrast, the severity of take-all was generally decreased by ploughing. Seedlings usually grew better where straw had been burnt rather than incorporated and grain yields were often larger. However, yields at Rothamsted in 1987 were unusually, and inexplicably, smaller after burning the straw so that the 5-year mean yields showed no significant differences between treatments.

scholarly journals Изучение коллекционного материала озимой твердой пшеницы на наличие гена устойчивости к септориозу Stb2

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
O. S. Zhogaleva ◽  
A. Yu. Myshastaya ◽  
O. S. Pavlenko ◽  
N. N. Vozhzhova ◽  
E. V. Ionova
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Yields

In order to obtain high yields of winter durum wheat, it is necessary not only to use advanced agricultural technologies, but also to sow varieties resistant to major diseases. One of these diseases that cause great harm to grain crops is Septoria leaf blotch. The current paper has presented the study results of collection material of Russian and foreign winter durum wheat according to the efficiency of the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in the North Caucasus region. The purpose of the current study was to identify the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in the collection material of winter durum wheat. The study was carried out in 2017–2018 in the laboratory of marker breeding of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in Zernograd. In the course of the study there have been applied such methods as the isolation of genomic DNA by the CTAB-method, PCR-analysis with the molecular SSR marker WMS533, electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel, analysis of electrophoresis gels in the Bio-Rad Image Lab 6.0 software, general data analysis by Microsoft Excel. The study has shown that 29 samples out of 185 analyzed ones had the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2, they are the lines L3557 h42, L3182 h7, L3335 h29, L3336 h43, L3408 h218 (Russia, FSBSI “Research Center of Plants named after P. P. Lukyanenko”), K-61620 (Russia), K-54455, DF 917 (Romania), K-61924, K-59179, K-51863, K-61869 (Moldova), K-63871 (Turkey), Kharkovskaya 909 (Ukraine), MVTD-15-99 (Hungary), 2196-1/04, 922/93, 589/13, 655/13, 683/13, 145/14, 322/14, 484/14, Gordeiform 1424/82 (Russia, FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”), Beliy Parus (Ukraine), Belgorodskaya Yantarnaya (LLC “Sativa” in Belgorod, Russia), IR named after V. Ya. Yuriev (Kharkov, Ukraine)), Zhivitsa (Russia, Prikumskaya OSS), Pandur (Romania) and Elidur (Romania). There have been recommended using the identified samples of winter durum wheat with the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in breeding programs.

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC-VALUABLE TRAITS IN THE SOUTH OF THE ROSTOV REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
А. А. Dontsova ◽  
D. P. Dontsov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Soil

Winter barley is one of the early ripening grain crops. It is the early ripeness combined with high productivity, lesser needs in good growing conditions that determines the great national economic importance of this culture. To increase and stabilize gross yields of winter barley, it is necessary to develop new varieties adapted to the negative environmental factors. The purpose of the study is to identify promising breeding material for winter barley to grow varieties with high agroecological stability and adaptability to local soil and climatic conditions. The studies were conducted in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2015–2018. The objects of research were the commercial varieties “Timofey”, “Yeryoma”, “Vivat”, the new winter barley varieties “Foks 1”, “Marusya”, as well as the promising breeding lines. The weather conditions of 2017 were more favorable compared with those of 2016 and 2018, which allowed producing higher yields. All the studied winter barley varieties, even in the wet conditions of 2017, showed a high resistance to lodging (4–5 points by a 5-point scale). In the spring and summer months of 2018, there was a significant increase in temperature in comparison with that of 2017. In June there were some days with dry wind, and therefore the air humidity dropped to 38% (23% lower than the multiyear average). The analysis of the yield structure showed that in 2016 the winter barley varieties showed higher values of the traits “number of kernels per ear” and “1000-kernel weight”, and “number of productive stems per 1 m2” in 2017. According to a comprehensive estimation, there have been identified the promising winter barley varieties “Marusya”, “Parallelum 1960” and “Parallelum 1962”, which significantly exceeded the standard variety “Timofey” in terms of productivity, and showed complex resistance to leaf diseases. In 2016, the variety “Marusya” was sent to be studied in the State Variety Network of RF through the North Caucasus region.

EFFECTIVENESS OF KNOWN WHEAT RESISTANCE GENES TO PUCCINIA TRITICINA IN THE ADULT PLANT PHASE IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.D. Agapova ◽  
◽  
O.F. Vaganova ◽  
M.S. Gvozdeva ◽  
G.V. Volkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Research Institute

Winter wheat is one of the leading agricultural crops in Russia. The most common and epiphytotic pathogen is leaf rust (Puccinia triticina). The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of known wheat resistance genes to brown rust in the phase of adult plants in the South of Russia. For the study, route surveys were conducted in the conditions of the North Caucasus region, and herbarium material was collected to create an infectious background on the field site of the FSBI “All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection”. As a result of the evaluation of 49 isogenic lines of winter wheat, the Lr9, Lr42, Lr43+24 and Lr50 genes with absolute resistance to P. triticina were identified in the South of Russia in 2019. Study of lines with known resistance genes on an infectious background in the field gives an idea of the change in the effectiveness of P. triticina Lr genes.

scholarly journals Analysis of populations of Pyrenophora  teres on barley in the Czech Republic

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Minařiková ◽  
I. Polišenská
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Drechslera Teres ◽  
Differential Set ◽  
Leaf Segments

One of t he diseases that have become i mportant in the Czech Republ ic recently is net blotch of ba rley caused by Pyrenophora teres (Died.) Drechs., with the imperfect stale Drechslera teres. In 1 995-1997 infected leaves of both spring and winter barley were collected in various stands and climatic regions. Al most 400 isolates of the pathogen were obtained and tested for virulence using a differential set (Cl 5791. CI 2750, CI 9819, C 8755, Stcudclli, Harbin, C 29192, CI 739, Tifang. and the suscepti ble control Beate). To assess their reaction, the laboratory method for testing leaf segments on benzimidazole was used. The most stable resistant responses, compared also with previous tests from 1991-1994, were found in Cl 739 and Tifang where the frequency of viru lent isolates did not exceed I 0% of all tested ones. These genotypes should be involved in practical breeding of barley for resistance to the pathogen.

SCREENING OF WHEAT LR-GENES FOR RESISTANCE TO PUCCINIA TRITICINA IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
G. V. Volkova ◽  
O. A. Kudinova ◽  
O. F. Vaganova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The North ◽  
Wheat Rust

Currently, more than 70 wheat rust resistance genes are known, but few of them are effective. The purpose of this work is to screen lines of Lr gene carriers for resistance to leaf rust under conditions of the North Caucasus region. Investigations were carried out in 2016-2018 at the infectious site of VNIIBZR. Research material was 49 near isogenic lines of winter wheat cultivar Thatcher. Infectious material was the combined populations of P. triticina, obtained as a result of route surveys of industrial and breeding crops of winter wheat in the areas of the Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories and the Rostov Region, conducted in 2016-2018. According to the assessment, the genes are ranked as follows: - highly efficient genes (plants with no signs of damage): Lr9, Lr42, Lr43 + 24 and Lr50; effective (1R-5R) Lr genes: 19, 24, 29, 36, 37, 38, 45, 47; moderately effective (10MR-20MR) Lr genes: 17, 18, 21, 22a, 28, 32, 41, 52. The remaining Lr-lines were susceptible to P. triticina (25 MR - 90S) to varying degrees. Highly efficient and effective genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr29, Lr38, Lr42, Lr43 + 24, Lr47 and Lr50 showed resistance in the seedling phase and can be recommended for inclusion in breeding programs to protect wheat from leaf rust in different phases of plant ontogenesis in the North Caucasus region.

DISTRIBUTION, DIAGNOSIS AND PATHOGENESIS OF RETROVIRAL INFECTIONS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-954
Author(s):  
Sergey Abakin ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Orobets ◽  
Viktor Zaerko ◽  
Inna Klimanovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Retroviral Infections

Epizootic situation on invasive diseases in the north Caucasus region

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Oleg Chernykh ◽  
◽  
Alexander Shevchenko ◽  
Lyudmila Shevchenko ◽  
Yuri Drobin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Invasive Diseases

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Kamrava
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Middle Powers

As middle powers with regional aspirations, Iran and Turkey see the South Caucasus region as an ideal arena for expanding their reach and influence. As post-sanctions Iran finds greater space for diplomacy and trade, the ensuing competition between the two neighboring countries is likely to intensify in the coming years. For both states, trade and soft power are the most viable tools for expanding their influence. In the long run, the competition in trade is only likely to benefit the three states of the South Caucasus. But it is also likely to keep the multiple conflicts that have ravaged the region over the last several decades — especially between Armenia and Azerbaijan, Russia and Georgia, and even the historic animosity between Turkey and Armenia — frozen and without a solution in sight.

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