Influence of soil bio stimulators on the change in the quality of a soil tillage machine operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
P. Findura ◽  
◽  
M. Prístavka ◽  
V. Hrdá ◽  
A. Szparaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Machine Operation

scholarly journals Technical, Economical and Ecological Estimation of Up-To-Date Combined Soil Tillage, Fertilising and Sowing Machines

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
U. Pinnis ◽  
Ā. Ruciņš ◽  
A. Vilde ◽  
S. Cēsnieks
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Weather Risk ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
The Baltic

Comparative studies have been carried out to estimate the possibilities, purposefulness and efficiency of combine soil tollage, fertilising and sowing machines and units for field crops used on peasant farms under the Baltic conditions. It is found out that most widely used machines and units are aggregates combining pre-sowing tillage of soil (combined cultivators, or revolving power harrow), mineral fertiliser application (pneumatic distributors) and grain sowing (pneumatic, or mechanical sowing machines). As to the agrotechnical terms, the ploughing-sowing aggregates may have limited application. The most suitable are tractor-mounted machines. For combined aggregates preference should be given to more powerful tractors having frontally mounted equipment as well. In contrast to single-operational machines, the use of combined aggregates removes the weather risk, improves the quality of work, raises their efficiency, reduces the consumption of energy and fuel (accordingly, the amount of harmful exhaust gases) and cuts the total costs by 10-18 %. For agrotechnical, energetic, economical and ecological considerations the up-to-date combined aggregates of soil tillage; fertiliser application and sowing are efficient and should be widely introduced on the farms of Latvia.

scholarly journals Influence of basic soil tillage methods on fresh yield and quality of winter rape cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Anvar Sh. Gadzhikurbanov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
The Republic

The development of rational system of basic soil tillage results in formation of sufficiently high crop yields. A two-factor field experiment was carried out to address these issues when cultivating winter rape cultivars on light chestnut soils of the Primorsko-Caspian sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan. VEM (standard), Elvis and Meteor winter rape cultivars were studied in the experiment. The following methods of soil tillage were studied: real tillage (control), subsoil tillage. The research revealed that there was no significant difference in agrophysical indicators between the soil cultivation variants. Data on weed infestation of winter rape fields showed that the number of weeds and their weight increased significantly after subsoil tillage. At the budding stage, the number of weeds increased 2.1-fold compared to the control (real tillage), and the weight of weeds increased 1.88-fold. During flowering stage, these indicators were 2.2 times higher. The maximum yield in all variants of the experiment was formed by Elvis cultivar - 44.9 and 41.4 t/ha, respectively, which is more than VEM (standard) and Meteor cultivars by 20.4 t/ha (7.9 %) and 20.0 t/ha (8.7 %), respectively. The yield of Meteor cultivar in these variants was also high and amounted to 41.6 and 38.1 t/ha, respectively, which was higher by 11.5 and 10.4 % compared with the standard. The greatest increase in the fresh yield was provided by real tillage. On average, the yield increased by 8.7 % for varieties in comparison with subsoil cultivation. Elvis cultivar formed the best quality indicators, followed by Meteor cultivar.

scholarly journals Technology and tools for strip tillage in the energy-saving system of agriculture in Volgograd region

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
I B Borisenko ◽  
M V Meznikova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Fine Soil ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Zone Parameters ◽  
Strip Tillage

Abstract The article highlights the results of research in strip farming. The method of minimum soil tillage, a resource-saving working body ROPA and a soil tillage tool for strip ripping OMPO-5.6, which are designed to perform fine soil tillage with strip deepening, are proposed. Adjustment of loosening depth from bit is achieved within the range of 0.25-0.4 m and is selected taking into account the crop grown in the farm. Availability of undercutter tine allows to regulate parameters of continuous ripping zone. Parameters of treated and untreated strips are regulated by location of undercutter paw. The design of the tool provides a smooth adjustment mechanism by which the width of the cultivated strip can be changed within 0.25-0.35 m. This makes it possible to use the implement for different tilled crops. The technological process carried out by this working body helps to reduce the wounding effect on the soil through a simple technical solution. Installation of side undercutting discs allows cultivating the soil within a given strip, and the process of cutting the soil in a blocked environment improves the quality of treatment.

scholarly journals Quality of sunflower oil seeds in the Middle Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin ◽  
Baurzhan Zhunuzovich Dzhangabaev ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shcherbinina ◽  
Ivan Filippovich Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Oil Seeds

The results of studies on the study of six variants of sunflower cultivated by production system ExpressSun (predecessor barley), on ordinary Chernozem during 2013-2018 are presented. Research on hybrid P63LE10 showed the promise of deep loosening of the soil as the main soil tillage. It ensures, the yield of 2.2-2.5 t/ha of oilseeds after the application of fertilizers. It is established that one of the main quality indicators of oilseeds – oil content – depends on the mass of 1000 seeds, while the highest value detected on the maximum level of intensity of 51.3-51.5 g, that is  1.6-2.6 g (3,2-5,3 %) more than the rest of the studied variants. The maximum oil content is on natural fertility background – 47.8-49.2 %, which was 1.3 and 1.9 % more than in the fertilized variants. In the study of the nature of oilseeds they are revealed trends of dependence on the used means of intensification similar to the oil content of seed at a positive relationship with the crop yield (r= 0.71-0.92*). Application of mineral fertilizers in a dose NPK30 provides stabilization of productivity and quality of oil seeds in any climatic conditions year. On the basis of the obtained data they are  revealed manufacturing operations that provide high productivity and quality of seeds: the fertilizer dose NPK30, deep loosening to 25-27 cm (PCH-4.5), spring harrowing (BZSS-1.0), pre-sowing cultivation (OPO-4.25), consolidation of the soil (3kksh-6), sowing (SSTV-6), the harrowing on shoots in one track (BZSS-1.0), treatment with herbicide (Express, 50g/ha).

scholarly journals Application of 3D cameras in agriculture when evaluating the quality of soil tillage

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
M. Kříž ◽  
M. Linda ◽  
J. Svatoš ◽  
M. Hromasová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
3D Camera ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pyramid Model ◽  
Evaluation Of Data

The paper deals with the evaluation of data collected by scanning the agricultural surface with a 3D Photonic Mixer Device (PMD) camera with IFM company electronics and a resolution of 64 × 50 pixels in different scanning modes. After short introduction various methods of measuring of soil surface characteristics are presented. These methods are laser, photogrammetric and radar measurement followed by experimental measurement by kinect system and O3D201 3D camera using the Photonic Mixer Device (PMD) technology. For 3D calibration measurements of the camera a quartered pyramid model was used. Measurement results before and after the field testing area soil tillage are presented.

Development and research of the mechanism for improvement of soil processing instruments

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
V. A. Nasonov ◽  
L. K. Litvinyuk ◽  
O. P. Gritsenko
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Automatic Regulation ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Automatic Instrument ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Methods Analytical

Annotation Purpose. Improving the quality of tillage with implements with disk working bodies. Methods. Analytical and experimental laboratory-field research using the developed mechanism, installed on the serial disk Harrow. Results. The mechanism of automatic regulation of soil tillage in disc instruments has been elaborated and developed. It was established that the developed mechanism ensures the improvement of soil processing quality by disk instruments by automatic alignment of the instruments in relation to the unit movement direction. Conclusions. As a result of research, the mechanism of automated soil tillage quality control instruments was elaborated and developed. It was established that the experimental mechanism of the provisionis to increase the quality of soil tillage by means of automatic instrument alignment with regard to movement direction of the unit. With the soil cultivation depth of 138–139 mm, the automatic control mechanism improves the processing quality, which indicates a decrease in the average quadratic deviation of the depth from ±36.1 mm to ±23.8 mm and a decrease in the depth variation coefficient from 26.2% to 17.2%. Keywords: soil tillage, disk tools, automatic adjustment mechanism.

scholarly journals The Most Important Fungal Diseases of Cereals—Problems and Possible Solutions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Marcin Różewicz ◽  
Marta Wyzińska ◽  
Jerzy Grabiński
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Cereal Yields

The level of cereal yields and the quality of these yields depend, to a large extent, on a crop management system, the genetic potential of a given cultivar, but also on factors that may cause damage to plants or a reduction in yield. Such factors include fungal diseases of cereals, which may cause a reduction in yield by 15–20%, and in extreme cases even by 60%. The main factors determining the occurrence of these pathogens are the weather conditions during the growing season of plants, crop rotation, the previous crop, the soil tillage system, and nitrogen fertilisation. Fungal diseases of cereals limit plant growth and development, as well as reduce grain yield and quality. This paper reviews the literature on fungal diseases of cereals.

scholarly journals Productivity and Quality of Diverse Ripe Pasture Grass Fodder Depends on the Method of Soil Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uliana Karbivska ◽  
Volodymyr Kurgak ◽  
Valentyna Gamayunova ◽  
Andrii Butenko ◽  
Lesia Malynka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Different Depths

In this study, we investigated the influence of soil cultivation method on the productivity and quality of pasture grass fodder. We found that increasing the depth of cultivation from 8–10 cm to 20–22 cm (using surface tillage with disk implements) improved the productivity of all the grass species studied – <em>Phleum pratense</em>, <em>Lolium perenne</em>, <em>Festuca </em><em>orientalis</em>, <em>Dactylis glomerata</em>, <em>Bromus </em><em>inermis</em>, <em>Phalaris arundinacea</em>, <em>Festuca</em><em> </em><em>rubra </em>– by an average of 2%–3% at an LSD<sub>05</sub> of 0.30 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, over a period of 3 years. On average, the most important factor influencing the production of 1 ha of dry mass appeared to be the species of grass, accounting for 57% of the variation. The depth of soil tillage was also important, accounting for 43% of the variation. Of all the species studied, the highest productivity was exhibited by <em>Lolium perenne </em>(0.35 t ha<sup>−1</sup> of dry weight). Increasing the soil cultivation depth led to an increase in the content of crude protein and albumen (0.9%–1.1%). According to the analysis of organic matter content and digestibility of the fodder, across the different depths of soil cultivation, the early ripening species <em>Dactylis glomerata</em>, and the average ripening species <em>Festuca </em><em>orientalis</em>, <em>Lolium perenne</em>, and <em>Bromus </em><em>inermis</em>, performed best. Considering the different depths of soil cultivation, <em>Lolium perenne </em>[154 g; surface tillage (disking) 8–10 cm] and <em>Festuca</em><em> </em><em>orientalis </em>(152 g; ploughing 20–22 cm) provided the most fodder units with digestible protein.

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