scholarly journals Behavioral Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Disease among Factory Employees in Faridabad; Haryana

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biplab Jamatia ◽  
K Anand ◽  
S K Kapoor ◽  
R M Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: In developing countries like India, in addition to the infectious diseases, noncommunicablediseases are emerging as signifi cant causes of morbidity and mortality. Workplacespresent a setting which is appropriate for intervention for adults in a community. The aim of this studyis to assess the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of selected risk factors for non-communicablediseases.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the regular employees of the factories.Smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary intake and physical activity were measured through interviewschedules and height, weight and blood pressure were also measured by standard instrument. Anawareness generation program was pre-tested.Results: A total of 545 employees were interviewed. Among them 307 (56.3%) and 238 (43.7%)were manual and non-manual workers respectively. Most of the employees knew [smoking asa risk factor for hypertension (55.2%), heart attack (61.1%) and cancer (78.7%); Alcohol as a riskfactor for hypertension (72.1%), heart attack (73.9%), cancer ( 54.9%); Physical inactivity as a riskfactor for hypertension (82.6%), heart attack (78.5%), diabetes (60.4%) and high fat diet as a riskfactor for hypertension (67.2%), heart attack (64.8%)] that these risk factors lead to different noncommunicablediseases. The prevalence (95% CI) of the risk factors is as follows: male currentsmoker [40.7% (36.4-45.3)], current alcohol consumption [31.0 % (27.2 – 35.1)], sedentary activity[41.2% (37.0 – 45.5)], high fat intake [93.7% (90.2 - 95.5)], over weight [26.9% (23.2 – 30.9)] ; andhypertension [21.0% (17.62 - 24.6)]Conclusions: This study showed that the risk factors for non-communicable diseases are prevalentin factory employees. Implementation of the risk factors control programme is desirable and there isan interest among employees and management.Key Words: alcohol consumption, diet, over weight, physical activity, risk factor, smoking

scholarly journals Behavioral Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases Among Medical and Nonmedical Undergraduate Students of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Rajib Mondal ◽  
Rajib Chandra Sarker ◽  
Palash Chandra Banik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and aims: Behavioral risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are established during early age and continued into adulthood. In Bangladesh, the scenario of NCD risk factors among students was inadequately studied. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the prevalence of behavioral risk factors of NCDs between undergraduate medical and nonmedical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 undergraduate students (equal number of students from medical and nonmedical backgrounds). Respondents were selected purposively from 5 purposively-selected institutions. Modified WHO STEPS instrument was used for data collection. Respondents were asked about their behavioral risk factors (tobacco use, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, inadequate physical activity, and alcohol consumption) by face-to-face interviews. Results: Men students were more in both groups. The mean age of the medical and nonmedical students was 22.1±2.0 and 21.8±1.9 years, respectively. Tobacco use was more among nonmedical students than that among the counterpart (22.1% vs. 15.7%). Medical students were more used to take insufficient fruits and vegetables compared to nonmedical students (97.9% vs. 93.6%). Equal proportions (71.4%) of students in both groups were used to perform inadequate physical activity. Alcohol consumption was observed more among nonmedical students (12.9% vs. 8.6%). Conclusion: Behavioral risk factors of NCDs were remarkable among students of both groups, mainly among nonmedical students.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

scholarly journals Prevalence, clustering and sociodemographic distributions of non-communicable disease risk factors in Nepalese adolescents: secondary analysis of a nationwide school survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e028263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ram Dhungana ◽  
Bihungum Bista ◽  
Achyut Raj Pandey ◽  
Maximilian de Courten
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence, clustering and sociodemographic distribution of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in adolescents in Nepal.DesignData originated from Global School Based Student Health Survey, Nepal conducted in 2015–2016.SettingThe study sites were the secondary schools in Nepal; 74 schools were selected based on the probability proportional to school enrolment size throughout Nepal.Participants5795 school-going children aged 13–17 years were included in the study.Primary outcomesNCD risk factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, insufficient physical activity and overweight/obesity were the primary outcomes. Sociodemographic distributions of the combined and individual NCD risk factors were determined by Poisson regression analysis.ResultsFindings revealed the prevalence of smoking (6.04%; CI 4.62 to 7.88), alcohol consumption (5.29%; CI 4.03 to 6.92), insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (95.33%; CI 93.89 to 96.45), insufficiently physical activity (84.77%; CI 81.04 to 87.88) and overweight/obesity (6.66%; CI 4.65 to 9.45). One or more risk factors were present in 99.6%, ≥2 were in 83% and ≥3 were in 11.2%. Risk factors were more likely to cluster in male, 17 years of age and grade 7. Prevalence of smoking (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=2.38; CI 1.6 to 3.51) and alcohol consumption (aPR=1.81; CI 1.29 to 2.53) was significantly high in male, and in 16 and 17 years of age. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity and overweight/obesity was significantly lower in higher grades.ConclusionInsufficient fruit and vegetable intake and insufficient physical activity were highly prevalent in the populations studied. Risk factors were disproportionately distributed and clustered in particular gender, age and grade. The study population requires an age and gender specific preventive public health intervention.

scholarly journals The association between informal caregiving and behavioral risk factors: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Gottschalk ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Christian Brettschneider
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare informal caregivers/dementia caregivers to non-caregivers regarding alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and insufficient physical activity and to identify caregiving-related factors (caregiving intensity, length of caregiving, relationship to the care recipient, and type of caregiving task) which are associated with behavioral risk factors in caregivers/dementia caregivers. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we performed the statistical analyses applying logistic regression models and accounted for confounding using the entropy balancing approach. Results For caregivers (n = 12,044), the odds of overweight/obesity and smoking were higher (OR = 1.14/1.34, p < 0.05) and the odds of binge drinking and insufficient physical activity were lower (OR = 0.86/0.83, p < 0.05) than for non-caregivers (n = 45,925). For dementia caregivers, results point in the same direction. Caregiving-related variables tend to influence the likelihood of behavioral risk factors, but depending on the kind of factor considered, in different directions. Conclusions Being a caregiver is associated with risky and health-promoting behavior. However, the effects are relatively low. Future studies should study potential pathways between caregiving characteristics, psychological impacts of caregiving, health behavior, and mental or physical health.

scholarly journals Rapid screening for behavioral risk factors in adolescents in North India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Poonam Banga ◽  
Tarundeep Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
North India ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Habits get established during the transitional age of adolescence making it important to conduct surveillance to detect high risk behaviours at an early age. Feasibility of such a surveillance system was tested for monitoring the risk factors in schools.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected schools of Chandigarh in India, by enrolling 226 students of class V to XII. A pretested structured questionnaire on dietary pattern, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption, drug abuse, mental health, sexual behaviour etc., was administered after ensuring privacy and confidentiality.Results: A total of 226 students with a mean age of 14years (range 10 to 19years) participated in the study. The prevalence of tobacco use was 8%, alcohol consumption was 3%, and drug abuse was 4%. About 47% were involved in a physical fight. Around 7% students were overweight. About 50% of the students skipped breakfast during previous week, and 6% had no intake of fruits and vegetables in last one month. Only 53% reported consistent use of seat belts.Conclusions: Several behavioral risk factors were prevalent among school children in Chandigarh. Behaviour surveillance to monitor trends should be conducted at regular intervals.

scholarly journals Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among Fishermen community of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaivani Annadurai ◽  
Nithiya Balan ◽  
Karnaboopathy Ranaganathan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Owing to growing epidemic of non communicable diseases (NCD), identification of risk factor profile is one of the high-priority actions required in reducing NCDs. Further, fishermen community possesses unique characteristics of a folk society despite the urban environment around it. Since major portion of the life of fishermen is spent at sea with bizarre sleep and eating pattern, their risk profile for non-communicable disease are different from general population. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among fishermen community in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu; to identify the association of the NCD risk factors with socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of the study participants. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 210 adult male Fishermen community of Kovalam, Kalpakkam and Mahabalipuram, of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during May to October, 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire and all the participants were motivated to undergo laboratory investigations. Results: Prevalence of smoking tobacco form, smokeless tobacco use and alcohol use were 17.1%, 22.9% and 61.4% respectively. Mean blood pressure observed in our study was 120.14/77.86 mm Hg. Prevalence of hypertension was 39.05% and 13.3% were having abdominal obesity. Conclusions: NCD risk factors like hypertension, alcohol use was quite high in this fishermen community and it needs further evaluation. 

The changing face of risk factors for non-communicable disease in Myanmar: findings from the 2009 and 2014 WHO STEP Surveys

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-756
Author(s):  
Shekhar Grover ◽  
Dhirendra N Sinha ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Prakash C Gupta ◽  
Ravi Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Who Steps ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract Background Myanmar is burdened with the dual problem of communicable and non-communicable diseases (NCD), and is constantly endeavoring to attain its health objectives with limited resources. This study compares the results for the 2009 and 2014 WHO STEPs surveys (the ‘stepwise’ approach to adult risk factor surveillance) in Myanmar to determine the change in NCD risk factors over time. Methodology The proportion of individuals with major NCD risk factors such as current tobacco and alcohol consumption, &lt;5 fruit/vegetable servings, physical activity, raised blood pressure (BP) and overweight and obesity from the year 2009 (n = 6414) and year 2014 (n = 8757) WHO STEP surveys were compared for the age group 25–64 and relative changes (RC) calculated. Results Tobacco and alcohol consumption has increased significantly (25 and 49% RC, respectively) over the years. Individuals with low fruit/vegetable consumption (&lt;5 servings) have declined (4.3% RC) and physical activity has increased significantly (46.5% RC). The prevalence of overweight, obese and hypertensive individuals has reduced significantly during this period with a RC reduction of 18, 28 and 20%, respectively. Conclusion Reductions in some NCD risk factors are encouraging but control of tobacco use and alcohol consumption requires more stringent policies in order to prevent NCDs in the future.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non communicable disease risk factors among male to female transgenders: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 727
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Venkat Shenoy ◽  
P. Vaishnavi ◽  
Thulasi Rajan ◽  
Cowshik Eswaran ◽  
Sudharshini Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Non communicable diseases are responsible for a high proportion of deaths and disabilities. The major risk factors attributed to this are smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, inadequate fruit, and vegetable consumptions, and physical inactivity. While there are data available to understand the prevalence of non-communicable risk factors among men and women, there is no data among transgender community. Hence this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of NCD risk factors among the male-to-female transgender community.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 54 transwomen who had been registered with two social welfare organizations for transgender community in Chennai. The risk factor was assessed using WHO STEPS instrument.Results: Among the transwomen, 16.7% were currently smoking tobacco, while 18.5% were using smokeless forms of tobacco. Alcohol consumption was observed in 44.4% of the population. 62.9% of them were not involved in any kind of exerting physical activity for recreation. 25.9% had undergone hormone supplementation for gender affirmation. Prevalence of obesity was 20.4% in the study population. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia was 11.1%, 5.6% and 7.4% respectively.Conclusions: High Prevalence of certain risk factors such as smokeless tobacco usage, alcohol consumption and hormone supplementation were seen among the male-to-female transgender community compared to the general population. Targeted interventions must be made so that specific attention is given to the transgender community in various NCD programs by the government. They must also be supported and accepted by every member of this society.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STROKE DI RSUD INDRAMAYU

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wayunah Wayunah ◽  
Muhammad Saefulloh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRAKStroke merupakan penyakit neurologik yeng terjadi karena gangguan suplai darah menuju suatu bagian otak. Angka kejadian stroke meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, semakin tinggi usia seseorang semakin tinggi kemungkinan terjadi stroke. Menurut penyebabnya stroke dibagi dua yaitu stroke hemoragik akibat pecahnya pembuluh darah otak dan stroke iskemik (stroke non hemoragik) akibat adanya trombus atau embolus pada pembuluh darah otak. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan stroke, yang terdiri dari faktor yang tidak dapat diubah dan faktor yang dapat diubah. Tujuan  penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stroke. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasonal analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Sampel sebanyak 103 responden yang diambil dengan tehnik consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara hipertensi (p = 0,035) dan aktivitas fisik (p = 0,011) dengan jenis stroke. Aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor risiko paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan jenis stroke dengan OR = 5,8. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan riwayat hipertensi dan aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor risiko independen yang berhubungan dengan jenis stroke. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini ditujukan kepada rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan kegiatan penyuluhan untuk mencegah faktor risiko terjadinya stroke. Selain itu meningkatkan peran perawat dalam  pemberian pelayanan keperawatan, dimana perawat memfokuskan asuhan pada kebutuhan kesehatan pasien secara holistik.ABSTRACT Stroke is a neurological disease that occurs due to disruption of the blood supply to a part of the brain. The incidence of stroke increases with age, that the older the person the possibility of stroke. According to the cause of stroke divided into two hemorrhagic stroke due to rupture of blood vessels of the brain and ischemic stroke (stroke non hemoragik) due to thrombus or embolus in the blood vessels of the brain. Many factors cause a stroke, which consists of factors that can not be changed and the factors that can be changed. The aim of research to identify and explain the risk factors associated with the occurrence of stroke.This research is an analytic observational study with cross sectional study. The sample of this study as many as 103 respondents is taken with consecutive sampling technique. The results showed significant relationship between hypertension (p = 0,035) and physical activity (p = 0.011) with the type of stroke. Physical activity is the predominant risk factor associated with this type of stroke with OR = 5.8. The study concluded a history of hypertension and physical inactivity is an independent risk factor associated with this type of stroke. Recommendations from this study aimed to hospitals to improve education activities to prevent risk factors for stroke. Besides increasing the role of nurses in the delivery of nursing services, where nurses care focuses on the health needs of patients holistically.

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