scholarly journals To the Issue of Choosing the Criteria of Dynamics of Complex Physico-Chemikal Processes

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Jakov Danchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxygen Converter ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Metallurgical Process ◽  
Carbon Oxidation

On the basis of experimental studies, it was determined the capability to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the degree of arrhythmia of the carbon oxidation process, which determines the dynamics of the oxygen-converter metallurgical process.

scholarly journals hydrogen generation system parameters CONTROL

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
И.Е. Конюхов ◽  
О.Н. Морозова ◽  
С.С. Титов
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Generation System ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Uml Modeling ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

В работе исследуется установка для отработки способа получения водорода путем окисления алюминиевого порошка водой. Выяснено, что при проведении такой реакции необходимо контролировать давление и температуру системы, так как возможен саморазогрев вследствие экзотермичности процесса окисления алюминия. С этой целью сконструирован экспериментальный стенд, состоящий из реактора с магнитной мешалкой, датчиков температуры и давления и блока управления. Такая установка позволяет регистрировать изменения давления и температуры во времени. Представлены зависимости давления и температуры в реакторе от времени. Построены диаграммы на языке моделирования UML, показывающие варианты и последовательность использования экспериментального стенда. С помощью разработанного стенда проведены постановочные экспериментальные исследования. В соответствии с полученными результатами можно сделать вывод, что в ходе данной реакции выделяется водород, о чем свидетельствует рост давления в реакторе. Установленные датчики позволяют контролировать параметры процесса в режиме реального времени. The paper investigates a testing installation of method of producing hydrogen by oxidizing aluminum powder with water. It was found out that during such a reaction, it is necessary to control the pressure and temperature of the system, since self-heating is possible due to the exothermicity of the aluminum oxidation process. For this purpose, an experimental stand consist of a reactor with a magnetic stirrer, temperature and pressure sensors and a control unit. An installation allows registering changes in pressure and temperature over time. The dependences of pressure and temperature in the reactor on time are presented in this paper. Diagrams are constructed in the UML modeling language, showing the options and the sequence of using the experimental stand. Staged experimental studies were carried out with the help of the developed stand. In accordance with the results obtained, it can be concluded that hydrogen is released during this reaction, as evidenced by an increase in pressure in the reactor. The installed sensors allow monitoring the process parameters in real time.

Reaction Pathways for Nitrogen Incorporation at Si-SiO2 Interfaces

1996 ◽  
Vol 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Koh ◽  
H. Niimi ◽  
G. Lucovsky
Keyword(s):  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Conventional Furnace ◽  
On Line

AbstractThis paper presents experimental studies in which N-atoms have been incorporated at Si-SiO2 interfaces by forming the interface and oxide film by a 300°C remote plasma assisted nitridation/oxidation process using N2O. Process dynamics have been studied by on-line Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) by interrupted plasma processing. Plasma-activated species have been identified by in-situ mass spectrometry (MS) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Based on AES studies using N2O, O2 and sequenced N2O and O2 source gases, reaction pathways for N-atom incorporation i) at and/or ii) removal from buried Si-SiO2 interfaces have been identified, and contrasted with reaction pathways for nitridation using conventional furnace processing. The active species for N-atom incorporation is NO+, and for oxide growth, O2.

ANALYSIS OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF VEGETABLE GREASES FOR APPLICATIONS IN AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRIES

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Jolanta DRABIK ◽  
Magdalena TRZOS ◽  
Rafał KOZDRACH ◽  
Grzegorz DUSZYŃSKI ◽  
Jerzy JANECKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Dispersion Phase ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lubricating Properties

The article presents the results of research and development works and analyses the results in order to develop an ecological lubricant for use in food industry equipment. The research was carried out as part of a project undertaken by a scientific and industrial consortium. While the specialized lubricants were composed, particular attention was paid to the selection of components, taking into account both their functional and ecological properties. A vegetable oil and a mixture of vegetable and synthetic oil were used as the dispersion phase for the preparation of lubricants. Prior to the verification of the quality of developed lubricants in operation, oxidation stability and lubricating properties were tested in model experimental studies. The lubrication properties of the developed greases under operating conditions were verified. The properties of the developed lubricants have been verified in extreme operating conditions, namely, high dust environments, moisture, the presence of water. As a result, greases resistant to the oxidation process and with favourable anti-seizure and anti-wear properties have been developed.

Control of Metal Alloy Oxidation with Electric Fields

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
R. R. Dils ◽  
P. S. Follansbee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Iron Base Alloy ◽  
Alloy Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Layer ◽  
And Control

Electric fields have been applied across oxides growing on a high temperature alloy and control of the oxidation of the material has been demonstrated. At present, three-fold increases in the oxidation rate have been measured in accelerating fields and the oxidation process has been completely stopped in a retarding field.The experiments have been conducted with an iron-base alloy, Pe 25Cr 5A1 0.1Y, although, in principle, any alloy capable of forming an adherent aluminum oxide layer during oxidation can be used. A specimen is polished and oxidized to produce a thin, uniform insulating layer on one surface. Three platinum electrodes are sputtered on the oxide surface and the specimen is reoxidized.

Structural Imperfections in thin Oxide Films Formed on Some Fe- and Ni-Base Alloys

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
L. P. Lemaire ◽  
D. E. Fornwalt ◽  
F. S. Pettit ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Protective Oxide Scale ◽  
Thin Oxide Films ◽  
Diffusion Paths ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Structural Imperfections ◽  
Short Circuit Diffusion

Oxidation resistant alloys depend on the formation of a continuous layer of protective oxide scale during the oxidation process. The initial stages of oxidation of multi-component alloys can be quite complex, since numerous metal oxides can be formed. For oxidation resistance, the composition is adjusted so that selective oxidation occurs of that element whose oxide affords the most protection. Ideally, the protective oxide scale should be i) structurally perfect, so as to avoid short-circuit diffusion paths, and ii) strongly adherent to the alloy substrate, which minimizes spalling in response to thermal cycling. Small concentrations (∼ 0.1%) of certain reactive elements, such as yttrium, markedly improve the adherence of oxide scales in many alloy systems.

3-D reconstruction and analysis of mammalian mitotic spindle structure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald ◽  
David Mastronarde ◽  
Rubai Ding ◽  
Eileen O'Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spindle Structure ◽  
Tissue Culture Line

Mammalian spindles are generally large and may contain over a thousand microtubules (MTs). For this reason they are difficult to reconstruct in three dimensions and many researchers have chosen to study the smaller and simpler spindles of lower eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the mammalian spindle is used for many experimental studies and it would be useful to know its detailed structure.We have been using serial cross sections and computer reconstruction methods to analyze MT distributions in mitotic spindles of PtK cells, a mammalian tissue culture line. Images from EM negatives are digtized on a light box by a Dage MTI video camera containing a black and white Saticon tube. The signal is digitized by a Parallax 1280 graphics device in a MicroVax III computer. Microtubules are digitized at a magnification such that each is 10-12 pixels in diameter.

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