scholarly journals The role of cell therapy for stroke

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
Lawrence Wechsler ◽  
Elizabeth Tyler-Kabara ◽  
Cristian Achim
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Stroke Models ◽  
Neuronal Transplantation

Cellular therapy has been evaluated in small animals, subhuman primates, and now humans for the potential repair of brain injury due to stroke. Experimental striate stroke models have proven useful for the purpose of evaluating different treatment paradigms. Early clinical trials involving neuronal transplantation in patients suffering motor-related stroke in the basal ganglia region have begun. This research will be described in this report.

scholarly journals Optimizing Stem Cell Therapy after Ischemic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Brittany Bolduc Lachance ◽  
Bilal Moiz ◽  
Xiaofeng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Ischemic Brain Injury ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Injury Treatment

Stem cells have been used for regenerative and therapeutic purposes in a variety of diseases. In ischemic brain injury, preclinical studies have been promising, but have failed to translate results to clinical trials. We aimed to explore the application of stem cells after ischemic brain injury by focusing on topics such as delivery routes, regeneration efficacy, adverse effects, and in vivo potential optimization. PUBMED and Web of Science were searched for the latest studies examining stem cell therapy applications in ischemic brain injury, particularly after stroke or cardiac arrest, with a focus on studies addressing delivery optimization, stem cell type comparison, or translational aspects. Other studies providing further understanding or potential contributions to ischemic brain injury treatment were also included. Multiple stem cell types have been investigated in ischemic brain injury treatment, with a strong literature base in the treatment of stroke. Studies have suggested that stem cell administration after ischemic brain injury exerts paracrine effects via growth factor release, blood-brain barrier integrity protection, and allows for exosome release for ischemic injury mitigation. To date, limited studies have investigated these therapeutic mechanisms in the setting of cardiac arrest or therapeutic hypothermia. Several delivery modalities are available, each with limitations regarding invasiveness and safety outcomes. Intranasal delivery presents a potentially improved mechanism, and hypoxic conditioning offers a potential stem cell therapy optimization strategy for ischemic brain injury. The use of stem cells to treat ischemic brain injury in clinical trials is in its early phase; however, increasing preclinical evidence suggests that stem cells can contribute to the down-regulation of inflammatory phenotypes and regeneration following injury. The safety and the tolerability profile of stem cells have been confirmed, and their potent therapeutic effects make them powerful therapeutic agents for ischemic brain injury patients.

scholarly journals Cell therapies for traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Harting ◽  
James E. Baumgartner ◽  
Laura L. Worth ◽  
Linda Ewing-Cobbs ◽  
Adrian P. Gee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Current Therapies

Preliminary discoveries of the efficacy of cell therapy are currently being translated to clinical trials. Whereas a significant amount of work has been focused on cell therapy applications for a wide array of diseases, including cardiac disease, bone disease, hepatic disease, and cancer, there continues to be extraordinary anticipation that stem cells will advance the current therapeutic regimen for acute neurological disease. Traumatic brain injury is a devastating event for which current therapies are limited. In this report the authors discuss the current status of using adult stem cells to treat traumatic brain injury, including the basic cell types and potential mechanisms of action, preclinical data, and the initiation of clinical trials.

scholarly journals The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review from Basic Research to Clinical Challenges

BioMedica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Cui Lianxu ◽  
Yasmeen Saeed ◽  
Li Haomin ◽  
Yang Jingli
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy

<p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a focal injury with limited reliable treatment options. Despite the large volume of basic research into TBI (particularly on the complex pathophysiology and on the application of various techniques), the treatment of TBI currently remains a challenge due to the low efficacy of available therapeutic options. Recent studies have shown that stem cells possess the ability to aid in recovery from the damaging effects of the craniocerebral injury. Herein, we attempted to present a generalized critique for the role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in TBI, its underlying mechanisms, and the scope for improvements in TBI treatment identified through preclinical studies, clinical studies, and other research in the light of previously reported literature. Finally, we summarized some novel strategies to overcome the clinical challenges in TBI recovery. Collectively, the major objective of this review is to highlight the to-date available findings regarding role of stem cell therapy in TBI and pave the way for the development of safe and efficient regenerative treatment modalities for TBI by comprehensive understanding the specific mechanism.</p>

scholarly journals The Expanding Armamentarium of Innovative Bioengineered Strategies to Augment Cardiovascular Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Elde ◽  
Hanjay Wang ◽  
Y. Joseph Woo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. While clinical trials of cell therapy have demonstrated largely neutral results, recent investigations into the mechanisms of natural myocardial regeneration have demonstrated promising new intersections between molecular, cellular, tissue, biomaterial, and biomechanical engineering solutions. New insight into the crucial role of inflammation in natural regenerative processes may explain why previous efforts have yielded only modest degrees of regeneration. Furthermore, the new understanding of the interdependent relationship of inflammation and myocardial regeneration have catalyzed the emergence of promising new areas of investigation at the intersection of many fields.

External Validation of the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials Model and the Role of Markers of Coagulation

Neurosurgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Raj ◽  
Jari Siironen ◽  
Riku Kivisaari ◽  
Juha Hernesniemi ◽  
Päivi Tanskanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND: Markers of coagulation have shown to have important value in predicting traumatic brain injury outcome. OBJECTIVE: To externally validate and investigate the role of markers of coagulation for outcome prediction by using the International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials (IMPACT) model while adjusting for overall injury severity. METHODS: A retrospective chart analysis of traumatic brain injury patients admitted to Helsinki University Central Hospital between 2009 and 2010 was performed. Outcome was estimated by using the criteria of the IMPACT model. Admission international normalized ratio (INR) and platelet count were used as markers of coagulation. Overall injury severity was categorized with the injury severity score (ISS). Variables were added to the calculated IMPACT risk, generating new models. Model performance was assessed by analyzing and comparing the area under the curve (AUC) of the models. RESULTS: For 342 included patients, 6-month mortality was 32% and unfavorable neurological outcome was 36%. Patients with a poor outcome had lower platelets and higher INR and ISS than those with good outcome (P &lt; .001). The IMPACT model had an AUC of 0.85 for predicting mortality and 0.81 for neurological outcome. Addition of INR but not ISS or platelets to the IMPACT predicted risk improved the predictive validity for mortality ([INCREMENT]AUC 0.02, P = .034) but not neurological outcome ([INCREMENT]AUC 0.00, P = .401). In multivariate analysis, INR remained significant for mortality but not for neurological outcome when adjusting for IMPACT risk and ISS (P = .012). CONCLUSION: The IMPACT model showed excellent performance, and INR was an independent predictor for mortality, independent of overall injury severity.

scholarly journals The Use of Cellular Technologies in Treatment of Liver Pathologies

Acta Naturae ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Petrakova ◽  
E. S. Chernioglo ◽  
V. V. Terskikh ◽  
E. N. Kalistratova ◽  
A. V. Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Hepatocyte Differentiation ◽  
Multistage Process ◽  
Liver Disorders

Cell techniques find increasing application in modern clinical practice. The II and III phases of clinical trials are already under way for various cellular products used for the restoration of the functions of the cornea, larynx, skin, etc. However, the obtainment of functional cell types specific to different organs and tissues still remains a subject of laboratory research. Liver is one of the most important organs; the problems and prospects of cellular therapy for liver pathologies are currently being actively studied. Cellular therapy of liver pathologies is a complex multistage process requiring a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms occurring in liver cells during differentiation and regeneration. An analysis of the current cellular therapy for liver pathologies is presented, the use of various cell types is described, the main molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte differentiation are analyzed, and the challenges and prospects of cell therapy for liver disorders are discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Cell-Based Therapies for Traumatic Brain Injury: Therapeutic Treatments and Clinical Trials

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Celia Bonilla ◽  
Mercedes Zurita
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Trauma Deaths ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents physical damage to the brain tissue that induces transitory or permanent neurological disabilities. TBI contributes to 50% of all trauma deaths, with many enduring long-term consequences and significant medical and rehabilitation costs. There is currently no therapy to reverse the effects associated with TBI. An increasing amount of research has been undertaken regarding the use of different stem cells (SCs) to treat the consequences of brain damage. Neural stem cells (NSCs) (adult and embryonic) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown efficacy in pre-clinical models of TBI and in their introduction to clinical research. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of TBI and the state of clinical trials aimed at evaluating the use of stem cell-based therapies in TBI. The primary aim of these studies is to investigate the safety and efficacy of the use of SCs to treat this disease. Although an increasing number of studies are being carried out, few results are currently available. In addition, we present our research regarding the use of cell therapy in TBI. There is still a significant lack of understanding regarding the cell therapy mechanisms for the treatment of TBI. Thus, future studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of the transplantation of SCs in TBI.

scholarly journals New trends in cellular therapy

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (18) ◽  
pp. dev192567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Okano ◽  
Doug Sipp
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cellular Therapies ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

ABSTRACTRegenerative therapies, including both gene and cellular therapies, aim to induce regeneration of cells, tissues and organs and restore their functions. In this short Spotlight, we summarize the latest advances in cellular therapies using pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), highlighting the current status of clinical trials using induced (i)PSC-derived cells. We also discuss the different cellular products that might be used in clinical studies, and consider safety issues and other challenges in iPSC-based cell therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document