scholarly journals Utility of preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging for identifying language cortices in patients with vascular malformations

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Pouratian ◽  
Susan Y. Bookheimer ◽  
David E. Rex ◽  
Neil A. Martin ◽  
Arthur W. Toga
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cavernous Angiomas ◽  
Matching Criteria

Object The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of preoperative functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging in the prediction of whether a given cortical area would be deemed essential for language processing by electro-cortical stimulation mapping (ESM). Methods The authors studied patients with vascular malformations, specifically arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and cavernous angiomas, in whom blood-flow patterns are not normal and in whom a perfusion-dependent mapping signal may be questionable. Ten patients were studied (seven harboring AVMs and three with cavernous angiomas). The authors used a battery of linguistic tasks, including visual object naming, word generation, auditory responsive naming, visual responsive naming, and sentence comprehension, to identify brain regions that were consistently activated across expression and comprehension linguistic tasks. In a comparison of ESM and fMR imaging activations, the authors varied the matching criteria (overlapping activations, adjacent activations, and deep activations) and the radii of influence of ESM (2.5, 5, and 10 mm) to determine the effects of these factors on the sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging. The sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging were dependent on the task, lobe, and matching criterion. For the population studied, the sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging activations during expressive linguistic tasks were found to be up to 100 and 66.7%, respectively, in the frontal lobe, and during comprehension linguistic tasks up to 96.2 and 69.8%, respectively, in the temporal and parietal lobes. The sensitivity and specificity of each disease population (patients with AVMs and those with cavernous angiomas) and of individuals were consistent with those values reported for the entire population studied. Conclusions The authors conclude that preoperative fMR imaging is a highly sensitive preoperative planning tool for the identification of which cortical areas are essential for language and that this imaging modality may play a future role in presurgical planning for patients with vascular malformations.

Utility of preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging for identifying language cortices in patients with vascular malformations

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Pouratian ◽  
Susan Y. Bookheimer ◽  
David E. Rex ◽  
Neil A. Martin ◽  
Arthur W. Toga
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cavernous Angiomas ◽  
Matching Criteria ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of preoperative functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging in the prediction of whether a given cortical area would be deemed essential for language processing by electrocortical stimulation mapping (ESM). Methods. The authors studied patients with vascular malformations, specifically arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and cavernous angiomas, in whom blood-flow patterns are not normal and in whom a perfusion-dependent mapping signal may be questionable. Ten patients were studied (seven harboring AVMs and three with cavernous angiomas). The authors used a battery of linguistic tasks, including visual object naming, word generation, auditory responsive naming, visual responsive naming, and sentence comprehension, to identify brain regions that were consistently activated across expression and comprehension linguistic tasks. In a comparison of ESM and fMR imaging activations, the authors varied the matching criteria (overlapping activations, adjacent activations, and deep activations) and the radii of influence of ESM (2.5, 5, and 10 mm) to determine the effects of these factors on the sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging. The sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging were dependent on the task, lobe, and matching criterion. For the population studied, the sensitivity and specificity of fMR imaging activations during expressive linguistic tasks were found to be up to 100 and 66.7%, respectively, in the frontal lobe, and during comprehension linguistic tasks up to 96.2 and 69.8%, respectively, in the temporal and parietal lobes. The sensitivity and specificity of each disease population (patients with AVMs and those with cavernous angiomas) and of individuals were consistent with those values reported for the entire population studied. Conclusions. The authors conclude that preoperative fMR imaging is a highly sensitive preoperative planning tool for the identification of which cortical areas are essential for language and that this imaging modality may play a future role in presurgical planning for patients with vascular malformations.

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Sentence Comprehension: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of Syntactic and Lexical Processing Demands

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1950-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantel S. Prat ◽  
Timothy A. Keller ◽  
Marcel Adam Just
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Processing Demands

Language comprehension is neurally underpinned by a network of collaborating cortical processing centers; individual differences in comprehension must be related to some set of this network's properties. This study investigated the neural bases of individual differences during sentence comprehension by examining the network's response to two variations in processing demands: reading sentences containing words of high versus low lexical frequency and having simpler versus more complex syntax. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, readers who were independently identified as having high or low working memory capacity for language exhibited three differentiating properties of their language network, namely, neural efficiency, adaptability, and synchronization. First, greater efficiency (defined as a reduction in activation associated with improved performance) was manifested as less activation in the bilateral middle frontal and right lingual gyri in high-capacity readers. Second, increased adaptability was indexed by larger lexical frequency effects in high-capacity readers across bilateral middle frontal, bilateral inferior occipital, and right temporal regions. Third, greater synchronization was observed in high-capacity readers between left temporal and left inferior frontal, left parietal, and right occipital regions. Synchronization interacted with adaptability, such that functional connectivity remained constant or increased with increasing lexical and syntactic demands in high-capacity readers, whereas low-capacity readers either showed no reliable differentiation or a decrease in functional connectivity with increasing demands. These results are among the first to relate multiple cortical network properties to individual differences in reading capacity and suggest a more general framework for understanding the relation between neural function and individual differences in cognitive performance.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of phonological language processing

NeuroImage ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. S437
Author(s):  
J.A. Frost ◽  
J.R. Binder ◽  
T.A. Hammeke ◽  
P.S. Bellgowan ◽  
J.A. Springer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Occult Vascular Malformations of the Optic Chiasm: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis and Surgical Laser Resection

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary K. Steinberg ◽  
Michael P. Marks ◽  
Lawrence M. Shuer ◽  
Richard L. Sogg ◽  
Dieter R. Enzmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Scan

Abstract Angiographically occult vascular malformations of the optic nerve and chiasm are extremely rare. Before the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was difficult to diagnose these lesions preoperatively. We report MRI scan findings of optic chiasm cavernous angiomas in two patients with chiasmal syndrome. MRI was useful in localizing the vascular malformation and delineating its characteristics, especially chronic hemorrhage. One patient underwent biopsy of the lesion. The other patient underwent complete microsurgical resection of the malformation with the carbon dioxide laser with preservation of vision. Occult vascular malformations of the optic nerve and chiasm may be a more common cause of visual deterioration than previously recognized. The MRI scan is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing and following these lesions. In certain patients, these vascular malformations may be amenable to complete surgical removal with stabilization or improvement of visual function.

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