scholarly journals Mental Illness: Early Stage Prevention is the Reasonable Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Priyanka Salve ◽  
Manisha Kengale ◽  
Maheshwari Koshti ◽  
Manoj Chopade ◽  
Shradha Jagdhane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Reasonable Approach

Abnormal Intestinal Permeability

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Wood ◽  
I. Hamilton ◽  
A. T. R. Axon ◽  
S. A. Khan ◽  
P. Quirke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Anticholinergic Drugs ◽  
Stage Of Development

Abnormal intestinal absorption has been suggested as an aetiological factor in schizophrenia. A procedure for investigating intestinal permeability was carried out in a group of chronic psychiatric in-patients. A proportion of the subjects studied showed abnormal intestinal permeability which could not be attributed to established bowel disease. Patients who were receiving neuroleptic but not anticholinergic drugs were those most often showing abnormal intestinal permeability. This work is at an early stage of development but preliminary findings suggest that further investigations should be carried out to establish the circumstances in which changes in intestinal permeability may be associated with mental illness.

Integrated Treatment Programme for Young Adults with Concurrent Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Amaladoss ◽  
K. MacCullam ◽  
B. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Concurrent Disorders

Background:The incidence of substance use, abuse and dependence seem to be increasing (1). It is probable that underlying mental illness, may reinforce individual's continuing substance indulgence (2), and If not intervened early, the consequence of this not only affects individual health, but also poses the threat of them procreating future sufferers.Objective:To detect mental illness at an early stage, in young adults with drug indulging behavior, and early intervention could be attempted.Method:A pilot project has been undertaken, for young adults (16-20 years) with concurrent disorder providing integrated intensive treatment program for six months. 12 patients were enrolled the study and 8 patients completed the study. A questionnaire has been devised to detect the probable existence of concurrent disorders. Assessment in all tridimensional spheres and intervened concurrently by the multidisciplinary team members. The outcome measures with the patients and the personnel were assessed by an independent assessor. The sensitivity and specificity of the devised questionnaire, has been measured.Result:There is significant correlation between underlying mental illness with drug indulgence and specific drug preference with type of mental illness have been elicited. The outcome measures along with the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaire have been found significantly positive.Conclusion:It seems that the integrated treatment program is quite effective although resource consuming.Limitation:Small sample and limited duration which needs further replication.

Atypical Mental Illness in a Family Including Identical Twins

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (451) ◽  
pp. 1028-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Warner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Identical Twins

In St. Crispin Hospital, Northampton, there are male identical twins (J.L. and P.L.) who for nearly a quarter of a century have suffered from an atypical psychosis. They were previously studied by Palmer (3). Their sister (B.L.) had a similar mental illness but she obtained relief from a leucotomy operation at an early stage. The mother was also affected, but the onset of illness in her case was later in life. There are two unaffected siblings.

Personality Change and Prognosis After Leucotomy

1948 ◽  
Vol 94 (395) ◽  
pp. 428-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Garmany
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Human Reason ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Brain

Though twelve years have now passed since the first prefrontal leucotomy was performed, the status of this form of therapy is still far from settled. There are some who would never perform the operation at all; and some who would reserve it for the chronic sick; while others (Fleming, 1944) would advise its use at an early stage in the illness in cases where there were reasonable grounds for believing that recovery would not otherwise occur. With opposition of a purely emotional kind, the profession as a whole need hardly concern itself; for appeals that the integrity of the nervous system be maintained at all costs are unlikely to impress those whose daily work brings them into contact with the personality degradation of chronic mental illness. It is difficult to see why interference with the brain in order to save sight or to save life in the case of tumour should be regarded as either more or less wicked than interference designed to save human reason.

scholarly journals Perspectives of GCSE students attending a psychiatry summer school in south London

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Clementine Wyke ◽  
Glori-Louise de Bernier ◽  
Chun Chiang Sin Fai Lam ◽  
Clare Holt ◽  
Sophie Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Participant Experience ◽  
Experience Effects ◽  
Positive Intervention

Aims and Method This study evaluated a pilot psychiatry summer school for GCSE students in terms of participant experience, effects on attitudes to mental illness and perception of psychiatry as a career option. This was done using the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill scale, career choice questionnaires and a discussion group following the week-long programme attended by 26 students. Results Students were significantly more likely to choose psychiatry after the summer school (P = 0.01). There were statistically significant changes in scores for social restrictiveness (P = 0.04) and community mental health ideology (P = 0.02). Qualitative analysis generated four themes: variation in expectations, limited prior knowledge, perception of the summer school itself and uniformly positive attitudes to psychiatry after the summer school. Clinical implications Targeting students at this early stage appears to be an underexplored positive intervention for improving both attitudes towards mental illness and recruitment to psychiatry.

scholarly journals An App for Classifying Personal Mental Illness at Workplace Using Fit Statistics and Convolutional Neural Networks: Survey-Based Quantitative Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hua Yan ◽  
Tsair-Wei Chien ◽  
Yu-Tsen Yeh ◽  
Willy Chou ◽  
Shu-Chen Hsing
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Mean Square Errors

BACKGROUND Mental illness (MI) is common among those who work in health care settings. Whether MI is related to employees’ mental status at work is yet to be determined. An MI app is developed and proposed to help employees assess their mental status in the hope of detecting MI at an earlier stage. OBJECTIVE This study aims to build a model using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and fit statistics based on 2 aspects of measures and outfit mean square errors for the automatic detection and classification of personal MI at the workplace using the emotional labor and mental health (ELMH) questionnaire, so as to equip the staff in assessing and understanding their own mental status with an app on their mobile device. METHODS We recruited 352 respiratory therapists (RTs) working in Taiwan medical centers and regional hospitals to fill out the 44-item ELMH questionnaire in March 2019. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Rasch analysis, and CNN were used as unsupervised and supervised learnings for (1) dividing RTs into 4 classes (ie, MI, false MI, health, and false health) and (2) building an ELMH predictive model to estimate 108 parameters of the CNN model. We calculated the prediction accuracy rate and created an app for classifying MI for RTs at the workplace as a web-based assessment. RESULTS We observed that (1) 8 domains in ELMH were retained by EFA, (2) 4 types of mental health (n=6, 63, 265, and 18 located in 4 quadrants) were classified using the Rasch analysis, (3) the 44-item model yields a higher accuracy rate (0.92), and (4) an MI app available for RTs predicting MI was successfully developed and demonstrated in this study. CONCLUSIONS The 44-item model with 108 parameters was estimated by using CNN to improve the accuracy of mental health for RTs. An MI app developed to help RTs self-detect work-related MI at an early stage should be made more available and viable in the future.

scholarly journals An App for Classifying Personal Mental Illness at Workplace Using Fit Statistics and Convolutional Neural Networks: Survey-Based Quantitative Study

10.2196/17857 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e17857
Author(s):  
Yu-Hua Yan ◽  
Tsair-Wei Chien ◽  
Yu-Tsen Yeh ◽  
Willy Chou ◽  
Shu-Chen Hsing
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Background Mental illness (MI) is common among those who work in health care settings. Whether MI is related to employees’ mental status at work is yet to be determined. An MI app is developed and proposed to help employees assess their mental status in the hope of detecting MI at an earlier stage. Objective This study aims to build a model using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and fit statistics based on 2 aspects of measures and outfit mean square errors for the automatic detection and classification of personal MI at the workplace using the emotional labor and mental health (ELMH) questionnaire, so as to equip the staff in assessing and understanding their own mental status with an app on their mobile device. Methods We recruited 352 respiratory therapists (RTs) working in Taiwan medical centers and regional hospitals to fill out the 44-item ELMH questionnaire in March 2019. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Rasch analysis, and CNN were used as unsupervised and supervised learnings for (1) dividing RTs into 4 classes (ie, MI, false MI, health, and false health) and (2) building an ELMH predictive model to estimate 108 parameters of the CNN model. We calculated the prediction accuracy rate and created an app for classifying MI for RTs at the workplace as a web-based assessment. Results We observed that (1) 8 domains in ELMH were retained by EFA, (2) 4 types of mental health (n=6, 63, 265, and 18 located in 4 quadrants) were classified using the Rasch analysis, (3) the 44-item model yields a higher accuracy rate (0.92), and (4) an MI app available for RTs predicting MI was successfully developed and demonstrated in this study. Conclusions The 44-item model with 108 parameters was estimated by using CNN to improve the accuracy of mental health for RTs. An MI app developed to help RTs self-detect work-related MI at an early stage should be made more available and viable in the future.

Childhood dyspraxia predicts adult-onset nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1323-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Schiffman ◽  
Vijay Mittal ◽  
Emily Kline ◽  
Erik L. Mortensen ◽  
Niels Michelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Illness Outcomes

AbstractSeveral neurological variables have been investigated as premorbid biomarkers of vulnerability for schizophrenia and other related disorders. The current study examined whether childhood dyspraxia predicted later adult nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders. From a standardized neurological examination performed with children (aged 10–13) at genetic high risk of schizophrenia and controls, several measures of dyspraxia were used to create a scale composed of face/head dyspraxia, oral articulation, ideomotor dyspraxia (clumsiness), and dressing dyspraxia (n = 244). Multinomial logistic regression showed higher scores on the dyspraxia scale predict nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders relative to other psychiatric disorders and no mental illness outcomes, even after controlling for genetic risk, χ2 (4, 244) = 18.61, p < .001. Findings that symptoms of dyspraxia in childhood (reflecting abnormalities spanning functionally distinct brain networks) specifically predict adult nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders are consistent with a theory of abnormal connectivity, and they highlight a marked early-stage vulnerability in the pathophysiology of nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders.

scholarly journals Critical Review: Is Watchful Waiting a Viable Management Option for Older Men With Prostate Cancer?

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Bailey ◽  
Meredith Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Watchful Waiting ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Reasonable Approach

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second-leading cause of death from cancer in U.S. men. For older men with early-stage prostate cancer, watchful waiting (also referred to as surveil-lance, expectant management, deferred/delayed therapy, or active monitoring) is a reasonable approach to aggressive therapy. The purpose of this article is to critically review published studies on the watchful waiting management option for prostate cancer within the past 5 years. The review of documented reports on watchful waiting reveals that there are both negative and positive indications toward watchful waiting. Further research is needed to change the perception of watchful waiting as a “do nothing” approach to the management of prostate cancer or a “death sentence” and to develop interventions that assist men to manage the uncertainty associated with living with prostate cancer to improve health and advance quality of life.

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