scholarly journals Short communication: The effects of supplementation of various n-3 fatty acids to late-pregnant dairy cows on plasma fatty acid composition of the newborn calves

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 4055-4058 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Moallem ◽  
M. Zachut
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Newborn Calves

scholarly journals Changes in plasma fatty acid composition after intake of a standardised breakfast in prepubertal obese children

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gil-Campos ◽  
E. Larqué ◽  
M. C. Ramírez-Tortosa ◽  
J. Linde ◽  
I. Villada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Fractions

Obese patients typically show a pattern of dyslipidaemia and changes in plasma fatty acid composition reflecting abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism and dietary habits. Animals and obese adults have been widely studied; however, contradictory results have been published in children. The objective was to assess changes in plasma fatty acid composition in total plasma lipids and plasma lipid fractions in obese prepubertal children compared with those of normal weight and to evaluate changes in postprandial plasma fatty acids during a 3 h period after intake of a standardised breakfast. The study was a case–control study with thirty-four obese and twenty normal-weight prepubertal children (Tanner 1). Anthropometric and metabolic variables and fatty acid concentrations were measured in plasma and its fractions. Liquid chromatography was used to separate lipid fractions and GLC to quantify fatty acids. Plasma total fatty acids (TFA), SFA, MUFA and PUFA concentrations were higher in obese than in control children. Except for 18 : 0, 18 : 3n-3, 20 : 4n-6 and n-3 PUFA, all fatty acids in TAG were also elevated in the obese group. Fatty acids 16 : 1n-7, 18 : 0, 18 : 1n-9, 20 : 2n-6, TFA and MUFA significantly decreased between the 2nd and 3rd hour in normal-weight v. obese children. The concentration of 16 : 1n-7 was positively and the proportion of 20 : 4n-6 inversely associated with a significant increase in risk of obesity. Obese prepubertal children show an altered plasma fatty acid profile and concentrations, mainly related to the TAG fatty acid profile, with a lower clearance of fatty acids v. normal-weight prepubertal children.

scholarly journals Replacement of butter on bread by rapeseed oil and rapeseed oil-containing margarine: effects on plasma fatty acid composition and serum cholesterol

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Seppänen-Laakso ◽  
H. Vanhanen ◽  
I. Laakso ◽  
H. Kohtamäki ◽  
J. Viikari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Phospholipids ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

The effects of zero-erucic acid rapeseed oil and rapeseed oil-containing margarine on plasma fatty acid composition and serum cholesterol were studied in butter users (n43). Compliance to the substitution was followed by fatty acid analysis of total plasma and plasma phospholipids. The amount of substitute fats represented, on average, 21% of total fat and 8% of total energy intake. Changes in the relative fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids indicated further fatty acid metabolism, and were closely related to the serum cholesterol level. The reduction in saturated fatty acids led to a significant increase in the proportion ofn-3 andn-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with the rapeseed oil diet, whereas the margarine caused a significant rise inn-6 PUFA only. The increase in the proportions of the two PUFA families occurred in accordance with their competitive order, most completely with the rapeseed oil diet. When butter was replaced by rapeseed oil, low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased by an average of 9.1% without a reduction in high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol. During margarine substitution the reduction was 5.2%, on average. Of the plasma phospholipids, α-linolenic acid and the linoleic:stearic acid ratio, but not oleic acid, were the components most significantly correlated with serum cholesterol levels or the decrease in these levels. The results show that rapeseed oil can act primarily as a source of essential fatty acids, rather than that of monoenes, in the diet of butter users.

scholarly journals Plasma fatty acid composition and depression are associated in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Tiemeier ◽  
H Ruud van Tuijl ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Amanda J Kiliaan ◽  
Monique MB Breteler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acid Composition

The effect of triterpenoid saponins fromSaponaria officinalison some blood hormones, metabolic parameters and fatty acid composition in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SZKUDELSKA ◽  
M. SZUMACHER-STRABEL ◽  
J. SZCZECHOWIAK ◽  
M. BRYSZAK ◽  
E. PERS-KAMCZYC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins

SUMMARYAn experiment was performed to determine the effect of triterpenoid saponins from powdered root ofSaponaria officinalisL. (SO) on some blood metabolic parameters and hormone concentrations in dairy cows. Three dairy Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were used in the experiment in a 3 × 3 Latin Square arrangement. Animals were fed twice a day with a control diet and two experimental diets – a diet supplemented with either 440 or 660 g/d of the powderedS. officinalisroot (SO1 and SO2, respectively). Each of the three experimental cycles lasted for 26 days, including a 23-day adaptation period and a 3-day sample collection period. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein from 24th to 26th day of the experiment. Total high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL), as well as triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA) and glucose, were assayed in serum. Fatty acid composition in the blood was also analysed. Moreover, concentrations of insulin, glucagon, leptin, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were measured. It was demonstrated that total and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly elevated in the blood of cows treated with experimental diets; however, LDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. No concentrations of triglycerides, FFA or glucose were influenced by saponins. Two fatty acids (C16 : 0 and C16 : 1c9) were markedly reduced when SO was used, while C18 : 1t11decreased with increasing levels of SO. The significant increase of C20 : 4n-6in animals treated with SO was observed. Both saponin diets resulted in a slight increase in insulin concentration and the SO2 diet evoked an emphatic rise of glucagon concentration. The concentration of T3 also increased after consumption of the experimental diet. The current study shows for the first time that triterpenoid saponins fromS. officinaliscan alter blood parameters in ruminants. These effects seem to result from saponin-induced changes in the rumen.

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