Periferia urbana e incentivos económicos para la conservación ambiental

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Pérez Campuzano

This article offers an empirical reading of urban peripheries as complex spaces between urban, rural, and environmental planning. Peripheries have become conflictive, particularly in developing countries, as objects of interest by different actors (landholders, political parties, administrators), which complicates management and planning. The planning of peripheries should include the active participation of landholders. The author analyzes two options for their inclusion: the first is economic remuneration of landowners in order to avoid changes in land use, particularly in areas with high ecosystem value; second, the author underlines the importance of policy evaluation. The article presents the initial results of a research project on members of a cooperative (ejidatarios) and evaluates the application of the FOCOMDES program in the southern urban periphery of Mexico City.Spanish Este artículo ofrece una lectura empírica sobre las periferias urbanas como espacios complejos entre la planificación urbana, rural, y ambiental. Particularmente en países en desarrollo, las periferias se han vuelto conflictivas en tanto objeto de interés de diversos actores (poseedores del suelo, partidos políticos, administradores), lo que complica aún más su proceso de gestión y planificación. La planificación periférica también debe incluir la participación activa de los poseedores del suelo. El autor analiza dos opciones de inclusión: la primera es la retribución económica a los propietarios para evitar el cambio del uso del suelo, particularmente en las zonas con alto valor ecosistémico; en segunda instancia, el autor subraya la importancia de la evaluación de dichas políticas. En esta parte se presentan los resultados iniciales de una investigación de campo en una comunidad de ejidatarios que evalúan la aplicación del programa Fondos Comunitarios para el Desarrollo Rural Equitativo y Sustentable (FOCOMDES) en periferia urbana del sur de la Ciudad de México.French Cet article offre une lecture empirique des périphéries urbaines comme espaces complexes entre la planification urbaine, rurale et écologique. En particulier dans les pays en voie de développement, les périphéries sont devenues une source de conflit, constituant l'objet d'intérêt d'acteurs différents (les propriétaires fonciers, les partis politiques, les administrateurs). Cela complique encore davantage la gestion et la planification. La planification de périphéries devrait également inclure la participation active des propriétaires fonciers. L'auteur analyse deux options pour leur inclusion ; la première est la rémunération économique de propriétaires fonciers pour éviter des changements dans l'usage des terrains, notamment dans les zones avec une haute valeur d'écosystème. Dans la seconde option proposée, l'auteur souligne l'importance de l'évaluation de ces politiques. Ce e partie présente les premiers résultats d'un projet de recherche sur les membres d'une « ejido ». Ils évaluent l'application du programme FOCOMDES dans la périphérie sud de la Ville de Mexico.

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Powell Leiska J.

The rapid pace of urbanization has presented numerous challenges for developing countries such as Jamaica. The effects of urbanization coupled with poor environmental and development practices have exerted tremendous pressure on the country's fragile and limited natural resources. This issue is exacerbated by poverty, poor urban planning and management and lack of enforcement of existing land use regulations. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the challenges in reversing negative environmental trends and practices which is increasing the vulnerability of the population, economy, infrastructure and other vulnerable elements of the society to the devastating impacts of natural hazards. The growing threats from hurricanes and tropical storms has have occurred over the last 10 years have highlighted the need for more sustainable developtnent. The report concludes with a number of recommendations that are critical to address the never ending cycle of environmental degradation.


2009 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Powell Leiska J.

The rapid pace of urbanization has presented numerous challenges for developing countries such as Jamaica. The effects of urbanization coupled with poor environmental and development practices have exerted tremendous pressure on the country's fragile and limited natural resources. This issue is exacerbated by poverty, poor urban planning and management and lack of enforcement of existing land use regulations. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the challenges in reversing negative environmental trends and practices which is increasing the vulnerability of the population, economy, infrastructure and other vulnerable elements of the society to the devastating impacts of natural hazards. The growing threats from hurricanes and tropical storms has have occurred over the last 10 years have highlighted the need for more sustainable developtnent. The report concludes with a number of recommendations that are critical to address the never ending cycle of environmental degradation.


2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Schott ◽  
Jule Wolf

Abstract. We examined the effect of presenting unknown policy statements on German parties’ election posters. Study 1 showed that participants inferred the quality of a presented policy from knowledge about the respective political party. Study 2 showed that participants’ own political preferences influenced valence estimates: policy statements presented on campaign posters of liked political parties were rated significantly more positive than those presented on posters of disliked political parties. Study 3 replicated the findings of Study 2 with an additional measure of participants’ need for cognition. Need for cognition scores were unrelated to the valence transfer from political parties to policy evaluation. Study 4 replicated the findings of Studies 2 and 3 with an additional measure of participants’ voting intentions. Voting intentions were a significant predictor for valence transfer. Participants credited both their individually liked and disliked political parties for supporting the two unknown policies. However, the credit attributed to the liked party was significantly higher than to the disliked one. Study 5 replicated the findings of Studies 2, 3, and 4. Additionally, participants evaluated political clubs that were associated with the same policies previously presented on election posters. Here, a second-degree transfer emerged: from party valence to policy evaluation and from policy evaluation to club evaluation. Implications of the presented studies for policy communications and election campaigning are discussed.


Author(s):  
Lauren Lynch ◽  
Madeline Kangas ◽  
Nikolas Ballut ◽  
Alissa Doucet ◽  
Kristine Schoenecker ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2, Mar-Abr) ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Alexandra Arias-Mendoza ◽  
Héctor González-Pacheco ◽  
Diego Araiza-Garaygordobil ◽  
Guering Eid-Lidt ◽  
Rodrigo Gopar-Nieto

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