The Paper Bridge: Jewish Responses to Destruction

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Liliana Furman ◽  
Liliana Ruth Feierstein
Keyword(s):  
Paper Bridge

scholarly journals In Vitro Seed Germination and Embryo Culture in Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaveri ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Nothapodytes Foetida ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Paper Bridge

In vitro seed germination and embryo culture have been achieved in Nothapodytes foetida, this plant is known for its rich source of anticancer drug i. e., Camptothecin. In present study both normal and decoated seeds were subjected to different treatments viz., H2O, GA3, H2O2, H2SO4, chlorine water and mechanical scarification, further these were germinated on water agar medium (WA), filter paper bridge (FB), half strength MS (HMS) and full strength MS (FMS) medium. The highest percentage (69%) of germination was achieved from decoated seeds treated with 10mg/L GA3 and germinated on Filter Paper Bridge. And for embryo culture mature embryos were inoculated on MS medium containing various combination and concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, Kn and TDZ) and auxin (IAA and NAA) for rapid conversion into a plantlet. Among the different combinations of growth regulators; highest frequency (100%) of plantlet conversion was obtained on MS medium containing Kn (1.0mg/L) and NAA (0.2mg/L).

A “paper bridge” system to improve in-vitro propagation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Dalpé ◽  
Sylvie Seguin
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Paper Bridge ◽  
Bridge System

The in-vitro culture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on excised roots, especially when performed on bi-compartmented Petri dishes, has proven to be an efficient system for the production of root-free fungal material. However, even after the contact between fungal hyphae and the excised roots in the proximal root compartment has occurred, up to several weeks may be required for the fungal runner hyphae to cross the median Petri dish wall and reach the distal fungal compartment. This delay is particularly long for the cultivation of slow-growing strains that usually colonize the substrate less aggressively. The delay is due to the difficulty the runner hyphae have in crossing the median Petri dish wall that separates compartments. To facilitate the passage of the fungus across the median wall, a “paper bridge” system has been devised and tested with a number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal strains. This method substantially accelerated fungal propagation and simplified the manipulations necessary. The proposed paper-bridge system is described and its advantages discussed.

Music as a ‘Paper Bridge’ between Generations before and after the Holocaust

2020 ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Bella Szwarcman-Czarnota
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary People ◽  
Performing Artists ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution ◽  
Jewish Music ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post War ◽  
Paper Bridge

This chapter examines how music produced in Vilna before the war provided a bridge to the post-war Jewish generation in Poland. It analyzes the poem written by Kadya Molodowsky in 1942 about the bridge that ordinary people build with honest hands and in pureness of heart. It mentions the Jew's use of the word khurbn for the Holocaust, which is the same term used to describe the destruction of the First and Second Temples. The chapter focuses on performing artists and musicians from Vilna that aim to develop performance skills that are linked to general European music, which can be seen as an expression of post-Haskalah tendencies. It talks about Rafael Rubinstein, who became a director of the reactivated music institute in Russia and returned to Vilna after the Bolshevik revolution in order to aid the Jewish Music Institute.

Structures Paper: Bridge Protection of the Rosario-Victoria Bridge, Argentina

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Saul ◽  
Karl Humpf ◽  
Armin Patsch
Keyword(s):  
Paper Bridge

Paper Bridges: Selected Poems of Kadya Molodowsky

2003 ◽  
pp. 521-523
Author(s):  
Kadya Molodowsky ◽  
Kathryn Hellerstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Realism ◽  
Paper Bridge ◽  
Double Character

This chapter looks at Paper Bridges: Selected Poems of Kadya Molodowsky. In Paper Bridges, the poet, translator, and Yiddish scholar Kathryn Hellerstein has selected poems from the six books of Yiddish poetry which Kadya Molodowsky published between 1924 and 1974. In her introduction, Hellerstein mentions that, according to Jewish legend, when the messiah comes, the Jews will cross into paradise over a paper bridge. Molodowsky's use of this folk motif as a theme in her poetry exemplifies its double character, which embraces both social realism and messianic utopianism. The poems are presented in their original Yiddish version and in precise, often evocative, translations. Endnotes elucidate ambiguous meanings of Yiddish words. This allows the reader to partake in some of the choices Hellerstein faced as translator.

scholarly journals Bridge numbers for virtual and welded knots

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans U. Boden ◽  
Anne Isabel Gaudreau
Keyword(s):  
Knot Theory ◽  
Virtual Knot ◽  
Virtual Knots ◽  
Bounded Below ◽  
Bridge Number ◽  
Paper Bridge

Using Gauss diagrams, one can define the virtual bridge number vb (K) and the welded bridge number wb (K), invariants of virtual and welded knots satisfying wb (K) ≤ vb (K). If K is a classical knot, Chernov and Manturov showed that vb (K) = br (K), the bridge number as a classical knot, and we ask whether the same thing is true for welded knots. The welded bridge number is bounded below by the meridional rank of the knot group GK, and we use this to relate this question to a conjecture of Cappell and Shaneson. We show how to use other virtual and welded invariants to further investigate bridge numbers. Among them are Manturov's parity and the reduced virtual knot group ḠK, and we apply these methods to address Questions 6.1–6.3 and 6.5 raised by Hirasawa, Kamada and Kamada in their paper [Bridge presentation of virtual knots, J. Knot Theory Ramifications 20(6) (2011) 881–893].

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