scholarly journals Polskie zapożyczenia leksykalne w ukraińskiej gwarze nadsańskiej (na przykładzie kilku wsi z regionu mościskiego)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Anna Kostecka-Sadowa
Keyword(s):  
Young Generation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Polish Language

The influence of the Polish language on the Ukrainian local dialect results from the long-lasting contact between the two languages and from the bilingualism of those who speak them. On the basis of the presented examples one may draw the conclusion that the complicated cultural and linguistic situation of the inhabitants of southern borderland, especially those belonging to the middle-aged and the young generation, results in the fact that it is difficult for them to specify their identity and to distinguish which language item is actually Ukrainian and which is a borrowing.  The analysis of their Ukrainian dialect shows that its condition results from the development of both the external processes and the internal processes which include a diffusion of Polish influences. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish foreign influences from preserved archaisms or from the language’s own change and development.

scholarly journals Polish Youth Music Groups in the Vilnius Region. Generational Rebellion or Manifestation of Patriotism?

2021 ◽  
Vol XII (2(35)) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Adam Bobryk
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Critical Content ◽  
The Press ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Youth Music

Poles in the Republic of Lithuania are the best organized Polish minority abroad. They are represented at various levels of government, in the media, organizations, and there is an extensive system of education in their mother tongue. The cultural sphere is an important area of their activity. It is mainly focused on folklore. At the same time, there has appeared a number of youth groups performing various styles of music and functioning on the Lithuanian music market, which is, however, marginally covered in the press. Their work does not principally refer to the problems of the life of the Polish community, and it sometimes expresses critical content. However, these performers introduce the Polish language to a wide cultural circulation and strive for a slightly different shape of relations with the Lithuanian majority than the older generations perceive it. They also contribute to the integration of youth communities. Undoubtedly, the generational rebellion, which was often noticeable in the activities of the Polish musicians of young generation, was a response to the challenges of adulthood and, at the same time, constituted a form of patriotism.

scholarly journals Differences in the formalization of the semantic category of definiteness / indefiniteness

2015 ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Danuta Roszko ◽  
Roman Roszko
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Category ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Language Influence ◽  
Tertium Comparationis ◽  
System Of Exponents

Differences in the formalization of the semantic category of definiteness / indefinitenessBasing on theoretical contrastive studies guidelines, the article defines the semantic category of definiteness/indefiniteness where two basic opposition meanings are being ascribed to. It also distinguishes crucial sub-meanings for this category. The category established like this constitutes a characteristic interlanguage typical of theoretical contrastive studies, which is here used as tertium comparationis for demonstrating the formal differences between Polish, Lithuanian and dialectal exponents to express particular sub/meanings. The differences demonstrated in the article are to confirm a different degree of the formalization of the category in each of the natural codes compared here. The idea of taking the local dialect of Puńsk into consideration results from a clearly visible influence of Polish and Lithuanian on the traditional dialectal system. In consequence, the dialectal system of exponents to express the meanings within the semantic category of definiteness/indefiniteness keeps a high degree of the traditional exponents specialization on one hand, but on the other hand, a low degree of specialization is being ascribed to some forms borrowed from Lithuanian (as a consequence of the Polish language influence), which results from the bilingualism of the Lithuanians living in Poland.

scholarly journals Anthroponymy and Toponymy in Memorial Epigraphy of Podlasie

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-84
Author(s):  
Olga V. Belova ◽  
◽  
Maria V. Yasinskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Place Names ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Made In ◽  
State Language

The paper presents an analysis of personal and place names on the tombstones of necropolises surveyed during a three-year fieldwork in Podlasie province (Hajnówka region), the area of high concentration of Orthodox East Slavic population. Apart from reflecting local dialect features specific to the East Slavic language situation on the Polish-East Slavic borderland, these epigraphic inscriptions made in Cyrillic are also a confessional marker that is highly relevant to the regional Orthodox population’s self-identification. Tombstone inscriptions evidence to the overlapping of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian (Church Slavonic), and Polish language contexts. Graphics (Cyrillic) and spelling features of different types of tombstone onyms not only give a picture of ethno-confessional and ethno-linguistic contacts, but also reflect live pronunciation captured in writing. Regarding personal name as a core component of the epitaph and analyzing specific examples, the authors address the following questions: 1) what do graphics and spelling convey in each particular case — the sound form of a name or toponym, writing traditions, focus on a particular spelling norm? 2) what is the reason for the variability in the spelling of the same name, surname, toponym? 3) can we trace the general trends in personal and place names rendering in the local tradition under study? 4) what effect does the Polish (state) language have in the texts that do not aim to comply with Belarusian, Ukrainian or Russian literary spelling norm? In the epigraphy of the studied region, there is a clear preference for using different spelling systems (not necessarily consistent), as reflected in the use of the letters и, ы, i in different combinations. Hence, the Polish spelling sometimes affects the Cyrillic transliteration of some names and surnames.

From Accent to Marker in Cajun English

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Dubois ◽  
Barbara M. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Extended Family ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cajun French ◽  
Steady Decrease ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Interdental Fricatives ◽  
Vowel Nasalization

The English of bilingual Cajuns living in southern Louisiana has been described as an accented variety of English, the result of interference from French. In order to investigate this proposition, we present a variationist study of four features of Cajun English: 1) the interdental fricatives /th, ð7 realized by the dental stops [t, d]; 2) the failure to aspirate the stops /p, t, k/; 3) the monophthongization of /ai/ and 4) vowel nasalization. The data for this study are taken from the Cajun French/ English Sociolinguistic Survey; the survey has confirmed that English has become dominant in these communities over the last two generations. A sub-sample of 28 speakers, divided by gender into three age groups, is taken from St Landry Parish. If interference from French is the source of these features of Cajun English, we would expect a steady decrease in frequency over apparent time so that these vernacular features will be used more frequently by the older and less frequently by the middle-aged and least of all by the younger generation. The results of GoldVarb analysis of the variables show a complex interrelationship of age, gender and social network. All of the variables studied followed the expected pattern; the old generation use more of the vernacular variants than all others; the middle-aged dramatically decrease their use of the vernacular but the young generation exhibit a number of complex patterns in their use of the vernacular features. Interestingly the young follow the decreasing pattern for (p, t, k) but they show a level of usage for the other variables closer to the old generation so that there is a v-shaped age pattern rather than a pattern showing a steady decrease of the so-called accented features of Cajun English. We argue that although the vernacular forms produced by the older group can be considered part of an ethnic accent, they play a very different role in the younger generation which can be attributed both to French language attrition and to the on-going blossoming of a Cajun cultural renaissance. Being Cajun is now socially and economically advantageous; the younger generation, unlike the middle-aged, take pride in their Cajun identity. The functions of French for people under 40 years old have been significantly reduced so that it is now generally limited to the family domain and even more restricted in that it is used primarily in speaking with older members of the extended family. Given this situation, the only linguistic way to signal "Cajunness" is left to English.

scholarly journals Polish philology education in the digital age. Is it still present at Polish schools and universities?

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wierzbicka
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Electronic Resources ◽  
Digital Education ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Language

This article is an analysis of the use of digital education in Polish philological education, both at schools and at public universities. The author presents how Polish lessons and classes are fulfilled using technology, which electronic resources are worth using in education, and identifies the needs of schoolteachers and lecturers. She also answers the question whether the Polish-language virtual landscape is a natural extension of the social-communication environment to which the young generation is accustomed, and whether education platforms are eagerly used in Polish education.

scholarly journals O polszczyźnie i wielojęzyczności społeczności polskiej w Łatgalii

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Golachowska
Keyword(s):  
Young Generation ◽  
Polish Language

On the Polish Language and the Multilingualism of the Polish Community in LatgaleReview Kristīne Kuņicka, Polacy i język polski w Łatgalii / Poļi un poļu valoda Latgalē [Poles and the Polish Language in Latgale], Daugavpils: Latgales Reklāma, 2020, 263 pp.This article is a review of Kristīne Kuņicka’s Polacy i język polski w Łatgalii / Poļi un poļu valoda Latgalē [Poles and the Polish Language in Latgale]. The author discusses the contemporary sociolinguistic situation of the Polish minority in Latgale, Latvia. An important aspect of the book is that it takes into consideration the Polish language of the young generation of Poles in the region. O polszczyźnie i wielojęzyczności społeczności polskiej w ŁatgaliiRecenzjaKristīne Kuņicka, Polacy i język polski w Łatgalii / Poļi un poļu valoda Latgalē, Daugavpils: Latgales Reklāma, 2020, 263 ss.Tekst O polszczyźnie i wielojęzyczności społeczności polskiej w Łatgalii jest recenzją książki Kristīne Kuņickiej Polacy i język polski w Łatgalii / Poļi un poļu valoda Latgalē. Autorka omawia współczesną sytuację socjolingwistyczną mniejszości polskiej w Łatgalii na Łotwie. Szczególnym walorem książki jest uwzględnienie polszczyzny młodego pokolenia Polaków w Łatgalii.

scholarly journals Siksa, drob, źlamdok, pędrok, węzowica – znajomość i rozumienie gwarowych ekspresywizmów nazywających dzieci przez najmłodszych mieszkańców wybranych małopolskich wsi

2021 ◽  
pp. 282-291
Author(s):  
Anna Piechnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Standard Version ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Polish Language

Siksa, drob, źlamdok, pędrok, węzowica – knowledge and understanding of dialect expressions for children among the youngest inhabitants of villages in Lesser Poland region Summary The article presents the results of a questionnaire carried out among the young generation, concerning their knowledge of differential dialect expressions known to the oldest inhabitants of the same area. The study was carried out in 2014 and comprised four eastern and four western local dialects of Lesser Poland region. The analyzed test group was asked about the following five expressive lexemes: drob, pędrok, siksa, węzowica, źlamdok. The youth claim to be familiar with the lexemes that are present both in dialectal and standard Polish language (although particular meanings may vary). What is more, the meanings attributed to standard Polish version are more widely known than their dialect equivalents. Among the participants of the questionnaire, it is foreign words that are the least known, or completely unknown elements of Polish standard version. By means of adideation process, these words are identified as already familiar lexemes that are part of the standard language version.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Diabetes Mellitus in the Middle-Aged and Over in Taiwan

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Chia-Chun Liang ◽  
Wei-Chung Hsu ◽  
Yao-Te Tsai ◽  
Shao-Jen Weng ◽  
Shih-Chia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Interval Censoring ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Interval Censored ◽  
Aging Stage

Study Objective: to investigate the factors related to diabetes mellitus in the middle-aged and over in Taiwan. Method: data from seven surveys (in 1989–2011) from the “Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging” (TLSA), among cohort B (above the age 60 in 1989), cohort A (aged 50–66 in 1996), and cohort C (aged 50–66 in 2003), were analyzed by the interval-censored Cox model. Results: in the early aging stage (aged 60–64), diabetes mellitus prevalence among the same age appeared the lowest in cohort B, followed by cohort A; cohort C reveals the highest than the young generation. Moreover, suffering from hypertension and kidney diseases are closely related to diabetes mellitus, with the diabetes mellitus suffering hazard ratio of 2.53 (95%: 2.35, 2.73) and 1.26 (95%: 1.11, 1.44) times, respectively. For people with fair and poor self-rated health, the risk of suffering from diabetes mellitus is 1.16 (95%: 1.07, 1.27) and 1.50 (95%: 1.35, 1.67) times compared to people with good self-rated health, respectively. Conclusions: in this study, it is considered that an advanced interval censoring model analysis could more accurately grasp the characteristics of factors in people who are middle-aged and over suffering from diabetes mellitus in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Eksperymentalny korpus litewskiej gwary puńskiej w Polsce (narzędzie do badań nad gwarami polskimi i litewskimi na Suwalszczyźnie)

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Danuta Roszko
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Value ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Credible Source ◽  
Historical Nature

Experimental corpus of the Lithuanian local dialect of Puńsk in Poland (a tool for the study on the Polish and Lithuanian local dialects in the Suwałki Region)The linguistic resources included in EkorpGP present a great cognitive value for Polish and Lithuanian dialectologists. Particularly valuable for researchers of the Lithuanian local dialects, including the local dialect of Puńsk, is subcorpus A. The material included in EKorpGP confirms that the local dialect is incessantly evolving. The typical dialectal features vanish for the sake of the standardized Lithuanian language.Whereas, subcorpora B and C are a good base for studies on the processes of the language interference in the speech of the bilingual Lithuanians of Puńsk. Amongst the potential recipients of these subcorpora it is possible also to find dialectologists dealing with the local dialects of the Suwałki Region, as well as researchers of the Polish language spoken to the east of the Polish border.The polonization suggested in EKorpGP (with reference to subcorpus A) along with subcorpora B and C will ensure a credible source of information for a wide circle of researchers of the phenomena of sociological, ethnological, cultural and historical nature. It should also be taken into account that the issues raised in the utterances given by the Lithuanians of Puńsk will capture the interest of politicians dealing with the national minorities in Poland.The extraordinary value of the materials collected in EKorpGP results from the fact that they reflect the economic, political and civilization transformations of the turbulent period of 1986–2012 in Poland, Lithuania and Europe.

scholarly journals Chinese Migration in Poland — an Attempt to Characterize the Migrant Group, Including the Cultural and Educational Perspective of the Young Generation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mikulska
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
School Life ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Educational Perspective ◽  
Chinese Migration

Chinese Migration in Poland — an Attempt to Characterize the Migrant Group, Including the Cultural and Educational Perspective of the Young GenerationThis article presents selected examples related to everyday school life as  experienced by one generation of Chinese immigrants in Poland. Apart from a theoretical framework, the statements and research questions were supported by empirical evidence showing that the process of acquiring Polish language and cultural norms may be a more complex challenge for Chinese immigrants in comparison to other immigrant groups in Poland. Migracja chińska w Polsce — próba charakterystyki grupy ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem młodego pokolenia uczęszczającego obecnie do polskich szkółCelem artykułu jest przedstawienie migracji chińskiej w Polsce, w tym pokolenia uczęszczającego obecnie do polskich szkół. Na przykładzie wybranej grupy uczniów podjęto próbę wykazania, z jakimi trudnościami o charakterze językowym i kulturowym mogą borykać się młodzi imigranci na drodze trudnej adaptacji w nowym kraju osiedlenia. Oprócz części teoretycznej, tekst zawiera także część badawczą, która ukazuje, jak złożony może być proces nabywania polszczyzny oraz norm kulturowych przez młodzież pochodzącą spoza Europy.

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