scholarly journals Selected Characteristics of Slovak Households as a Source of Information Concering Labour Supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Marian Kika ◽  
Luboslava Kubisova
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Slovak Population ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Size Type

The purpose of the paper is to provide specific information on the labour supply in Slovakia based on the analysis of data collected from Slovak households. In line with the human capital theory, we consider households as essential in both shaping and providing the labour supply. The subject of the research survey were Slovak households and their members comprising a representative sample of the Slovak population with respect to the size, type and regional distribution of households as well as the age of their adult members. The sample consisted of 1,753 households and 4,855 household members as respondents. We looked at their willingness to make various choices in order to get a job and retain it as well as their family or household life strategies to maintain a work-life balance in view of their attitudes to sharing the family responsibilities. We used nonparametric statistical tests to establish the order of preferences for respective issues and the Spearman coefficient to find out the statistically significant relation between the age of the respondents and the choices they are most likely to prefer. The results have shown that age is a decisive factor in the responses to several of the questions, which is important to take into consideration as most of the labour demand in the following years will be created by the loss of older workers due to retirement or other reasons. This means that employers need to be prepared for a generational change and may be motivated to consider age management as one of their strategies to deal with the predicted labour shortage.

scholarly journals Analisis Image Noise dan Nilai Dosis Radiasi Penggunaan Aplikasi Care Dose 4D dan Non Care Dose 4D pada Pesawat MSCT Siemens

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Tito Aditya Resmana ◽  
Darmini Darmini ◽  
Sigit Wijokongko
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Image Noise ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Difference Image ◽  
A Value ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Level Of Significance

Background : One effective technique is contained in a CT Scan to decrease the amount of radiation dose that is received in the use of automatic exposure control (AEC). AEC system of Siemens equipment is called Care Dose 4D. The research is based on unused of the application Care Dose 4D on CT Scan Imaging. The purpose of the research is to determine the differences of image noise and the differences of radiation doses (CTDI) using care dose 4D and Non Care Dose 4D in Siemens MSCT.Methods                 :The research  was quantitative  study with experimental approaches that is tested on four water phantom size type. Analysts data is done by statistical tests of Paired T-Test Samples to test the hypothesis and the level difference image information. In this statistical analysis is determined the level of confidence (level of Significance) with a value of α = 0.05.Results  :                On the using of Nasopharing protocol for children with 130 kV and 130 mAs parameters, using of Care Dose 4D has ability to decrease the image noise value is compared with non Care Dose 4D application. While the adult Nasopharing protocol with 130 kV and 220 mAs parameters, Care Dose 4D doesn’t provide enough impact in the reduction of image noise value if compared with conventional techniques or without using Care Dose 4D applications. Using of children nasopharing protocol application Care Dose 4D even increase radiation closes high enough value in CTDI vol that is 5,03 mGy, but using Nasopharing Care Dose 4D applications for adult can decrease radiation doses high enough value in CTDIvol, that is 2,64 mGy.Conclusion : On the use of children nasopharing protocol application Care Dose 4D even increase radiation closes high enough value in CTDI vol that is 5,03 mGy, while the adult Nasopharing using Care Dose 4D applications can decrease radiation doses high enough value in CTDIvol, that is 2,64 mGy.

scholarly journals Retirement rigidities and the gap between effective and desired labour supply by older workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Trucchi ◽  
Elsa Fornero ◽  
Mariacristina Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Labour Supply

scholarly journals Measuring Cost Efficiency of Ukrainian Banks in 2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Pilyavskyy ◽  
Yuriy Matsiv ◽  
Olga Vovchak
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Functional Form ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Personnel Costs ◽  
Banking Activity ◽  
Size Type

The paper presents the results of a stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) of cost-efficiency of Ukrainian banks. As of lack of data on the personnel costs, we had to set limits to the year of 2008 only. To modeling banking activity, we apply the intermediary approach as one of the most commonly used in literature. Considering the results of statistical tests, we chose translog functional form of cost function and half–normal distribution of random inefficiency term. As a result of the research, we found out that efficiency of Ukrainian banks varies within 0.5224 and 0.9869 with an average value of 0.8734. Having checked a range of hypotheses, we discovered insignificant distinctions among banks by their size, type of owner and location.

Wearing Out the Work Ethic: Population Ageing, Fertility and Work–Life Balance

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN DEY
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
The Uk

In response to population ageing, the UK intends to increase female labour supply. To this end, the Chancellor has announced a ten-year strategy designed to allow parents to combine work with family responsibilities more easily. The policies proposed centre on extending parental leave and childcare provision, while promoting greater flexibility in employment. While these policies may improve labour supply in the short term, this article looks at their implications for fertility, which if negative may reduce the labour supply in the longer term. Recent demographic studies suggest that measures which allow women more readily to combine childbearing with paid employment may also stabilise or improve fertility rates, so mitigating the trend to population ageing. However, the evidence is not conclusive, for relationships between female employment and fertility are complex and context dependent. The article suggests several factors that might therefore merit further consideration. These include gender inequities in the domestic division of labour, long working hours and a re-evaluation of unpaid work in the home. Enthusiasm for the work ethic may have to be balanced by a more explicit acknowledgement of a care ethic.

scholarly journals What Are the Economic and Labour Market Effects of an Income Tax Reduction Targeted at Older Workers?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Maxime Fougère ◽  
Simon Harvey ◽  
Bruno Rainville
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Tax Reduction ◽  
Macroeconomic Impact

This paper explores the economic and labour market effects of implementing a tax reduction targeted at older workers. The analysis is conducted with a life-cycle computable general equilibrium model calibrated on Canadian data. The analysis shows that implementing a permanent income tax reduction for workers aged 60 and over has only small macroeconomic effects because the labour supply increase of older workers is partly offset by a reduction in the labour supply at core ages. This induced effect also discourages savings and generates crowding out through private investment but has a favourable impact on lifetime economic welfare. The macroeconomic impact is much larger when the income tax reduction is temporary because workers no longer reduce their hours at core ages and there is no reduction in savings. However, since only current middle-aged and older workers benefit from the tax cut, a temporary income tax cut reduces intergenerational equity.

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