The Processes of Consolidation and Effectiveness of Commercial Banks in the Years 2008-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gałecka
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Foreign Investors

The paper analyzes the mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector in Poland, and determined their impact on the structure of the sector and its effectiveness. The analysis was conducted between 2008 and 2013. In the analyzed sector was found growing concentration of capital in the form of mergers and acquisitions. All indications are that this trend will be maintained in subsequent years. Dominant share in the Polish banking sector are entities controlled by foreign investors, but in the period has been a slight decrease in this regard. In the analyzed period made as a result of mergers and acquisitions, we can observe an increase of concentration of the banking sector. In the period 2008-2013 there was a decrease in effectiveness of commercial banks; operation, which was caused by deteriorating macroeconomic situation. It can be said that the continuous consolidation processes in the period 2008-2013 have not influenced an improvement of financial results in the analysed sector, but the effects of these processes can be seen only in the long term.

scholarly journals The Effect of Multiple Large Shareholders on Banks’ Profitability and Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1888
Author(s):  
Maria Gaia Soana ◽  
Laura Barbieri ◽  
Andrea Lippi ◽  
Simone Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Large Shareholders ◽  
Bank Ownership ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

The wide-ranging academic literature on corporate governance in the banking sector includes only a few studies on bank ownership and, specifically, on the comparative power of shareholders within the corporate structure. This paper reports an investigation into the presence of multiple large shareholders and their influence on profitability and risk in the long-term, considering a sample of 697 U.S. and European listed commercial banks from 2008 to 2018. It was found that the number of large and institutional shareholders has a positive impact on profitability, but no effect on risk. However, long-term ownership by multiple large shareholders contributes to decreasing risk in banks.

scholarly journals Mergers and Acquisitions: Does it really Enhance Managerial Commitment? Evidence from Commercial Banks in South East Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 776-783
Author(s):  
Onwumere Josaphaet U.J ◽  
Onodugo Vincent A ◽  
O.C Ugbam ◽  
Imo Godwin Ibe ◽  
Oge Monanu
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mergers And Acquisition

Corporate mergers and acquisition has become a highly popular strategy in recent years. Thus, much attention has been focused on its outcomes. It has served as a substitute for innovation, a greater means of diversification. The banking sector is often referred to as an engine growth of the economy. The intermediation role which the sector plays in national development cannot be overemphasized. Thus, given the recent consolidation exercise in the Nigerian banking sector, we explored the impact of mergers and acquisition on managerial commitment in this paper. We adopted the descriptive survey method and primary data were obtained using oral interview and questionnaire. The population of this study comprised all consolidated banks in Nigeria and the total sample size for this study was 384 respondents from commercial banks in South East Nigeria. The Chi-square (X2) non-parametric statistic was used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that mergers and acquisitions have significant positive effect on managerial role and commitment of managers of commercial banks in Nigerias South East Region. We, therefore, recommend that incentive measures such as improved pay and good working environment should be promoted in commercial banks during mergers and acquisitions as these will further enhance managerial commitment.  

scholarly journals Procesy koncentracji w polskim sektorze bankowym

2004 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kacperska ◽  
Jakub Kraciuk
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Banking Sector Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up

The financial sector presents the strongest tendency towards capital concentration, what is the effect of its deregulation, liberalization and strong competitiveness. Fusions and foreign investors, who are taking banks over, are accomplishing this concentration. From the beginning of 1993 until the first quarter of 2004, the number of active commercial banks decreased from 87 to 59 and 27 fusions and assumptions were noticed. At the beginning of 2004 foreign investors controlled 46 commercial banks out of 59 operating in Poland. The value of their investments exceeded 7 .2 billions PLN and they owned 76.3% of equity and supplementary funds and 67.4% of assets. Owing to these investments, the banking sector development has started and the investors subsidised existing banks, improved infrastructure and made many innovations. The large foreign banks, which were set up as a result of concentration, made banking system more effective and facilitated development of national economy. On the other hand, the superior contribution of large foreign banks obstructs national financial policy and makes the financial sector sensitive to prosperity fluctuations and a crisis of the world banking system.

M&As in the Process of Banking Consolidation – Preliminary Evidence from Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Vinh Vo
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Financial Regulatory ◽  
Important Activity

Abstract The conduct of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) of commercial banks is an important activity in order to fulfill the strategic objectives of all banks involved. However, M&As activities in Vietnamese banking sector have unique characteristics because most of the recent deals are to consolidate the system. These are arranged by central bank and other financial regulatory authority bodies with the purpose of achieving a prudential financial system. This article examines the effects of M&As activities in banking sector by analyzing profits and risks of commercial banks pre and post M&As in the recent liberalization episode in Vietnam. The preliminary result suggests that most of commercial banks experience lower profits and higher credit risks after M&As. Hence, it seems that most of banks face more difficulties after M&As.

scholarly journals Liquidity of commercial banks in Portugal and Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-64
Author(s):  
Marco Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
Critical Aspects

Liquidity is very important for the functioning of financial markets, especially for the banking sector, because one of the critical aspects in the banking business is precisely the process of transforming short-term funds and placing them in the medium and long term. This paper aims to comprehensively assess the liquidity positions of Portuguese and Spanish commercial banks through different liquidity ratios for the period from 2002 to 2015 and understand whether the liquidity management strategy differs by bank size. To this end, unconsolidated balance sheet data were used, which were obtained from the banks annual reports. The sample includes a significant part of the Portuguese and Spanish banking sector (not only by the number of banks, but also by the representation in banks total assets). The results obtained show that Spain's banks' liquidity indicator has decreased over the last four years. In contrast, bank liquidity indicator in Portugal varied slightly positively during the period 2002-2006 but decreased sharply between 2010 to 2015. Bank liquidity increased slightly during the period of the financial crisis in both countries, namely between from 2007 to 2009. Finally, it is concluded that smaller banks have less fluctuating liquidity management, i.e., large and medium-sized banks show greater variation in bank liquidity in the period under analysis, i.e., they are less liquid.

scholarly journals Cultural Differences as a Reason for Failure of Investment Projects in the Polish Banking Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 152-162
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Korzeb
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Subject

The objective of this paper is to examine cultural differences as the reason for failures of trans-borderinvestment projects in the Polish banking sector. By investment projects we mean all projects with theparticipation of foreign investors, which involved a merger, an acquisition, or the establishment of a new bankbased in Poland and subject to Polish supervision and legal regulations. The analysis included all transactionsof this type which took place in the Polish banking sector in the years 1994-2010. The sample comprised 31projects: 16 mergers and acquisitions and 15 establishments of new banks. The results do not confirm most ofthe earlier findings on the subject, which showed a clear connection between cultural dimensions and risktaking. Unlike most other research, our study showed that cultural factors have no significant influence uponrisk taking in banking by strategic investors in the Polish banking sector. Only the dimension of power distanceproved to explain the reasons for failures. The results can be applied broadly, both as a tool for supporting thedecision making in case of new investment projects, and for evaluation of the existing transactions taking placein the Polish banking sector.

scholarly journals Reasons for satisfaction and dissatisfaction of bank customers. Study from Slovakia and the Czech republic.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Belás ◽  
Lenka Gabčová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Satisfaction Rate ◽  
Successful Business

The satisfaction of bank customers presents an important area of building long-term relationships with the client, which significantly determines the financial performance of commercial banks through successful business. This article presents the current situation in the banking sector in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The aim of this article is to measure the customer satisfaction, its development in time, then to determine the main satisfaction and dissatisfaction attributes and finally to compare the situation in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. To measure all these elements, standard statistical methods have been used. The observed overall satisfaction rate of the Czech and Slovak clients is very similar. The main reason for the satisfaction of bank customers in both countries is ability to use electronic banking and most important reason for their dissatisfaction is long-term high prices of products and services.

scholarly journals Forign Ownership and Bank Performance: Evidence From Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarilla Hapsari ◽  
Rofikoh Rokhim
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of foreign entry on the domestic bank-ing market’s profitability and overhead costs as financial sector FDI is a relatively new phenom-enon and typically takes the form of banks in industrialized countries establishing branches and facilities in developing countries. A panel data covering the period from 2000 to 2012 is set based on the financial data from 82 commercial banks, which operated in Indonesia as of De-cember 2012 and represented 92 percent of the commercial banks’ total assets. The results of this study are expected to complement the existing collection of studies on the foreign penetra-tion in the Indonesian banking industry, as to date there has been limited study of the impact of foreign ownership on bank performance in Indonesia. From a policy perspective, this study draws some conclusions which clarify the impacts of foreign penetration on banking industry. The government should continue to open the banking market up to foreign investors if they are proven to bring a positive impact, and should act conversely if they are proven to have an adverse impact on the local banking sector.

scholarly journals The development of customers’ satisfaction in the banking sector of Slovakia in the turbulent economic environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1995-2003
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Belás ◽  
Lubor Homolka
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Satisfaction Factors

Satisfaction of bank’s customers presents important area of building of long-term relationships with the client, which significantly determines the financial performance of commercial banks through successful business. Satisfied customer buy bank’s products, is willing to pay also higher price for the product or service and represents some form of free advertising and considerable less effort, time and money needed for keep him, than to get a new one. This article presents current situation in the banking sector in Slovakia and quantifies changes in the area of customer satisfaction, which occurred during the financial and economic crisis. Customer satisfaction research has been conducted through a questionnaire survey. First research has been carried out on the first half of 2008 on the sample of 298 respondents, ie. the time before the financial crisis. In that time, the greatest satisfaction has been assigned to the availability of bank’s products and services, and the greatest dissatisfaction has been expressed by respondents to the prices of banking products and services. In 2012, this research has been conducted on the sample of 320 respondents. The change of satisfaction factors, respectively dissatisfied bank’s customers compared with 2008 has been investigated by standard statistical methods. Results of our research in 2012 showed satisfaction reduction of bank customers and also changes in respondents’ preferences of the perception of satisfaction factors, respectively dissatisfaction in relation to commercial banks.

Cyber crimes in the banking sector: Case study of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
LE Thanh Tam ◽  
Nguyen Minh Chau ◽  
Pham Ngoc Mai ◽  
Ngo Ha Phuong ◽  
Vu Khanh Huyen Tran
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Cyber Crimes

The technological revolution 4.0 brings great opportunities, but also cybercrimes to economic sectors, especially to banks. Using secondary data and survey results of 305 bank clients, the main findings of this paper are: (i) there are several types of cybercrimes in the banking sector; (ii) Vietnam is one of the top countries worldwide having hackers and being attacked by hackers, especially the banking sector. Three most common attacks are skimming, hacking and phishing. Number of cybercrime attacks in Vietnam are increasing rapidly over years; (iii) Vietnamese customers are very vulnerable to cybercrime in banking, as more than 58% seem to hear about cybercrimes, and how banks provide services to let them know about their transactions. However, more than 50% do not have any deep knowledge or any measures for preventing cybercrime; (iii) Customers believe in banks, but do not think that banks can deal with cybercrime issues well. They still feel traditional transactions are more secure than e-transactions; (iv) the reasons for high cybercrimes come from commercial banks (low management and human capacity), supporting environment (inadequate), legal framework (not yet strong and strict enough on cybercrimes), and clients (low level of financial literacy). Therefore, several solutions should be carried out, from all stakeholders, for improving the cybersecurity in Vietnamese banks. 

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