Rosyjska depesza kondolencyjna – wzorzec gatunkowy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXII) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Ewa Białek

The aim of the study is to characterise a genre pattern of a condolence telegram in Russian. A telegram is one of many genres of diplomatic correspondence, used to give condolences and express sympathy and support on the occasion of calamities and natural disasters. The senders and receivers of telegrams are heads of state (official institutinal communication), as well as nations of both countries and people afflicted with the disaster. The study conducted on a corpus of 150 texts (50 telegrams and 100 press releases) analyses the structure and lexico-pragmatic features of texts to establish the most frequent pattern of telegram in the current textual corpus. The results of the study show that a condolence telegram is a highly conventionalized genre.

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Paola Gaeta ◽  
Jorge E. Viñuales ◽  
Salvatore Zappalà

A corollary of the obligation to respect the sovereignty of other States is the recognition of the immunities of States and State officials. This chapter examines the immunities enjoyed by States from the jurisdiction of foreign courts and from execution proceedings against their property and assets. The discussion addresses the issue in general terms and then specifically tackles two issues of significant practical importance, namely the operation of State immunity in employment disputes and in cases where violations of peremptory norms are at stake. It also analyses the functional and personal immunities of certain types of State official, namely diplomatic and consular agents, as well as high-ranking officials, such as Heads of State and Government and Ministers of Foreign Affairs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent McKnight ◽  
Martina K. Linnenluecke

This article examines the relationships between disaster type and firms’ disaster responses. We draw on a unique dataset of 2,164 press releases related to the occurrence of 206 natural disasters (hurricanes, flooding, tornadoes, and wildfires) over a 10-year period (2005-2014) to analyze how firm responses are shaped by the type of disaster it faces. Firms play an increasingly important role in disaster response. We find that firms engage in more anticipatory responses when the type of disaster a firm faces exhibits even impact dispersion and high expected recurrence, and provides substantial warning. Our study draws a relationship between physical geography, disaster type, and more anticipatory firm responses which can improve how firms and communities respond to the risks posed by different types of natural disasters. The article concludes by outlining an agenda for future research on firm responses to natural disasters.


2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sacchi ◽  
Paolo Riva ◽  
Marco Brambilla

Anthropomorphization is the tendency to ascribe humanlike features and mental states, such as free will and consciousness, to nonhuman beings or inanimate agents. Two studies investigated the consequences of the anthropomorphization of nature on people’s willingness to help victims of natural disasters. Study 1 (N = 96) showed that the humanization of nature correlated negatively with willingness to help natural disaster victims. Study 2 (N = 52) tested for causality, showing that the anthropomorphization of nature reduced participants’ intentions to help the victims. Overall, our findings suggest that humanizing nature undermines the tendency to support victims of natural disasters.


Information sharing among the associations is a general development in a couple of zones like business headway and exhibiting. As bit of the touchy principles that ought to be kept private may be uncovered and such disclosure of delicate examples may impacts the advantages of the association that have the data. Subsequently the standards which are delicate must be secured before sharing the data. In this paper to give secure information sharing delicate guidelines are bothered first which was found by incessant example tree. Here touchy arrangement of principles are bothered by substitution. This kind of substitution diminishes the hazard and increment the utility of the dataset when contrasted with different techniques. Examination is done on certifiable dataset. Results shows that proposed work is better as appear differently in relation to various past strategies on the introduce of evaluation parameters.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Amril Mutoi Siregar

Indonesia is a country located in the equator, which has beautiful natural. It has a mountainous constellation, beaches and wider oceans than land, so that Indonesia has extraordinary natural beauty assets compared to other countries. Behind the beauty of natural it turns out that it has many potential natural disasters in almost all provinces in Indonesia, in the form of landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, Mount Meletus and others. The problem is that the government must have accurate data to deal with disasters throughout the province, where disaster data can be in categories or groups of regions into very vulnerable, medium, and low disaster areas. It is often found when a disaster occurs, many found that the distribution of long-term assistance because the stock for disaster-prone areas is not well available. In the study, it will be proposed to group disaster-prone areas throughout the province in Indonesia using the k-means algorithm. The expected results can group all regions that are very prone to disasters. Thus, the results can be Province West java, central java very vulnerable categories, provinces Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, east Java and North Sulawesi in the medium category, provinces Bengkulu, Lampung, Riau Island, Babel, DIY, Bali, West Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, west Papua including of rare categories. With the results obtained in this study, the government can map disaster-prone areas as well as prepare emergency response assistance quickly. In order to reduce the death toll and it is important to improve the services of disaster victims. With accurate data can provide prompt and appropriate assistance for victims of natural disasters.


2017 ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pagliacci ◽  
Margherita Russo ◽  
Laura Sartori

Romanticism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Mark Sandy

Attending to the hoped-for connection between young and older generations, this essay revisits Wordsworth's poetic fascination with the elderly and the question of what, if any, consolation for emotional and physical loss could be attained for growing old. Wordsworth's imaginative impulse is to idealise the elderly into transcendent figures, which offers the compensation of a harmonious vision to the younger generation for the losses of old age that, in all likelihood, they will themselves experience. The affirmation of such a unified and compensatory vision is dependent upon the reciprocity of sympathy that Wordsworth's poetry both sets into circulation and calls into question. Readings of ‘Simon Lee’, ‘I know an aged Man constrained to dwell’, and ‘The Old Cumberland Beggar’ point up the limitations of sympathy and vision (physical and poetic) avowed in these poems as symptomatic of Wordsworth's misgivings about the debilitating effects of growing old and old age. Finally, Wordsworth's unfolding tragedy of ‘Michael’ is interpreted as reinforcing a frequent pattern, observed elsewhere in his poetry, whereby idealised figures of old men transform into disturbingly spectral second selves of their younger counterparts or narrators. These troubling transformations reveal that at the heart of Wordsworth's poetic vision of old age as a harmonious, interconnected, and consoling state, there are disquieting fears of disunity, disconnection, disconsolation, and, lastly, death.


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