The Significance of the Relationship between Main Effects and Side Effects for Understanding the Knobe Effect

Abstract. Research on the relationship between personality traits and employee voice has predominantly focused on main effects of one or more traits and has shown equivocal results. In this study, we explore relationships between configurations (i.e., all logically possible combinations) of the Big Five traits and promotive and prohibitive voice using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Survey data from 171 employees from 10 organizations in the service industry revealed that none of the traits alone could induce promotive or prohibitive voice. Yet, we found three trait configurations that relate to promotive voice and four configurations that relate to prohibitive voice. We use the theory of purposeful work behavior to explain the different trait configurations for promotive and prohibitive voice.

Download Full-text

Neurological Complications of Biological Treatment of Psoriasis

Life ◽

10.3390/life12010118 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 118

Author(s):

Mateusz Kamil Ożóg ◽

Beniamin Oskar Grabarek ◽

Magdalena Wierzbik-Strońska ◽

Magdalena Świder

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Side Effects ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Biological Therapy ◽

Neurological Complications ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Biological Drugs ◽

Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽

The Relationship ◽

Alpha Therapy

In the available literature, little attention has been paid to the assessment of psoriasis and the biological therapy used for it and the nervous system. The purpose of this article is to discuss the relationship between psoriasis and the nervous system as well as to analyze the mechanisms that lead to neurological complications during anticytokine therapies in psoriasis. However, this connection requires further analysis. The use of biological drugs in psoriasis, although it yields positive therapeutic results, is not without numerous side effects. Serious neurological side effects of the therapy are most often visible with the use of anti-TNF-alpha, which is why patients should be monitored for their potential occurrence. Early detection of complications and rapid discontinuation of treatment with the drug may potentially increase the patient’s chances of a full recovery or improvement of his/her neurological condition. It also seems reasonable that, in the case of complications occurring during anti-TNF-alpha therapy, some of the drugs from other groups should be included in the therapy.

Download Full-text

Who can enjoy the unavoidable emotional labor

The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology ◽

10.24230/kjiop.v27i4.719-742 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 719-742

Author(s):

SeungGeun Baeck ◽

KangHyun Shin ◽

JongHyun Lee ◽

ChangGoo Heo

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Emotional Labor ◽

Negative Emotion ◽

Job Burnout ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Main Effect ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Main Effects ◽

The Relationship ◽

Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to examine the positive effect of self-monitoring among emotional display rules (fostering positive emotion(FPE) & suppressing negative emotion(SNE)) and consequential work attitude (job burnout & work engagement). A sample of 191 hotel employees were participated in this study and data were analyzed by SPSS. The results are as follows. First, the main effect of FPE on work engagement was supported, but the main effect of SNE on job burnout was not. Second, the main effects of self-monitoring on engagement and burnout were supported. Third, the moderation effects of self-monitoring which buffer the relationship of SNE on burnout and which facilitate the relationship FPE on engagement were significant. Finally, the implications and limitations were discussed.

Download Full-text

Gender, Marital Status and Life Satisfaction

10.31235/osf.io/ah5ty ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Theodore N Greenstein

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Marital Status ◽

Employment Status ◽

Religious Affiliation ◽

World Values Survey ◽

The World ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Main Effects ◽

The Relationship

*This paper uses materials from the World Values Survey and the EuropeanValues Study from 2006-2014 to study the relationship of gender and maritalstatus to life satisfaction. In an analysis of 103,217 respondents from 81nations I find that while there do not seem to be main effects of gender onlife satisfaction – that is, women are no more or less satisfied with theirlives than are men -- gender moderates the effects of geographical region,age, employment status, education, religious affiliation, and attendance ofreligious services on life satisfaction. In particular, there aresubstantial differences in the effects of marital status on lifesatisfaction by gender. The gender differences in most effects are sosubstantial that I argue that it makes no sense to analyze lifesatisfaction data without performing separate analyses by gender. *

Download Full-text

Perceived Maternal Child-Rearing Behavior among Disabled and Non-Disabled Adolescents

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1977.44.3c.1095 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1095-1105 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dennis C. Harper

Keyword(s):

Maternal Behavior ◽

Parental Behavior ◽

Child Rearing ◽

One Dimension ◽

Severity Of Disability ◽

The Disabled ◽

Partial Correlations ◽

Main Effects ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The purposes of this study were (a) to contrast the reported perceptions of maternal rearing using the Child's Report of Parental Behavior Inventory of 70 disabled (cerebral palsied) and 70 non-disabled adolescents of similar sex, age, intelligence, and socioeconomic status and (b) to evaluate the impact of severity of physical impairment within the disabled group. Analyses of variance were completed using group (disabled/controls) as one dimension and sex as the within-groups source. Partial correlations were used to assess the relationship between severity of incapacitation and perceived maternal behavior. Of the 18 main effects, two were significant, suggesting that the non-disabled perceived their mothers as more possessive and intrusive than did the disabled. Males perceived their mothers as significantly more lax in discipline and allowing more autonomy than did females. Severity of disability was only modestly related to perceived maternal behavior. With this sample of disabled adolescents it was suggested that a physically handicapping condition and its severity may be of more limited influence in the maternal rearing process than assumed.

Download Full-text

Toxic Effects of Anticonvulsants: General Principles

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.53.4.551 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 551-557

Author(s):

H. Hooshmand

Keyword(s):

Drug Interaction ◽

Side Effects ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Severe Ataxia ◽

Multiple Drug Therapy ◽

Toxic Potential ◽

Therapeutic Doses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Any drug, regardless of how benign and well tolerated, is potentially toxic. The toxicity may be due to (1) dosage; (2) the size of the patient; (3) drug interaction; (4) drug specificity for the disease; (5) the nature of the disease for which the drug is used; and (6) the mode and frequency of medication. DOSE OF ANTICONVULSANT Dose of anficonvulsant is very important (Table I). Any anticonvulsant in higher than therapeutic doses has toxic potential. It is well known that anticonvulsants in large enough doses can act as convulsants. This is especially true for diphenylhydantoin, benzodiazepines, and lidocaine. THE SIZE OF THE PATIENT The size of the patient should be considered in dosage. It is safer and more accurate to adjust dosage to body surface than to weight (Table I). As the child grows, there may be a need to gradually increase the dose of anticonvulsants if seizure control is poor, or if the serum level of the anticonvulsant starts to decline. DRUG INTERACTION The relationship. of multiple drug therapy and its toxic effects on the brain is quite complicated, and many forms of toxicity can result. Toxicity may be the result of a combination of pharmacologically similar drugs. Such a combination may enhance the side effects of drowsiness and ataxia. The patient may suffer from these side effects without attaining therapeutic levels of individual anticonvulsants in the blood. In other words, a combination of drugs such as phenobarbital and primidone may result in severe ataxia and drowsiness.

Download Full-text

Redefining Beauty

Taking Flight ◽

10.14325/mississippi/9781496828637.003.0005 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 84-106

Author(s):

Jennifer Donahue

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Side Effects ◽

Temporary Migration ◽

Elizabeth Nunez ◽

Body Image Ideals ◽

The Relationship

The fourth chapter turns to works by Pauline Melville and Elizabeth Nunez to explore how breast cancer and anorexia nervosa offer physical and emotional renewal for the protagonists. In The Migration of Ghosts, Boundaries, and Anna-In-Between, Melville and Nunez use their characters to question body-image ideals. The works attest to the life-altering impact of disease. The protagonists’ illnesses, rooted in their dis-ease with their bodies, their relationships, and their privilege, highlight the emotional side effects that can accompany physical maladies. In Melville and Nunez’s works, illness functions as the force of inertia that propels temporary migration and the protagonists’ intensely introspective experiences. Together, the texts afford a closer look at the relationship between disease, migration, and familial reconnection.

Download Full-text

Conclusion

Why Delegate? ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190904197.003.0007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 162-166

Author(s):

Neil J. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Professional Responsibility ◽

Principal Agent ◽

Control Problems ◽

Standard Account ◽

Complicated Process ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Church ◽

Police Forces

This chapter explains how the modified logic of delegation differs from the standard account in the treatment of the main parties to the relationship. The principal is a more untrustworthy and at times unresponsive figure in her relationship with the agents. The agent, likely a professional agent, is more complicated than portrayed. Professional responsibility is a mechanism to overcome the trust gap in a delegation relationship, according to principal-agent theorists. But overlooked are the side effects of professionalism, where the loyalties it fosters create tenacious control problems. It has a pronounced form in the church and the army, but other security and police forces may find punishing and controlling rogue agents a complicated process. While the boundaries to delegation are uncertain and some may choose not to delegate as much as they should, blame is one task that will be delegated.

Download Full-text

Barriers to Deprescribing

Deprescribing in Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780190654818.003.0003 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 47-68

Author(s):

Swapnil Gupta ◽

Rebecca Miller ◽

John D. Cahill

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Medical Institution ◽

Sociocultural Factors ◽

Related Factors ◽

Potential Patient ◽

Improve Patient Adherence ◽

The Relationship ◽

Improve Patient

This chapter identifies the possible barriers to deprescribing, and presents suggestions for strategies to overcome them. Although deprescribing has the potential to streamline medication regimens, minimize side effects, cut costs, improve patient adherence, and strengthen the relationship between the patient and the prescribing professional, barriers may originate from the patient, physician, and/or the institution, both local and the larger medical institution. Barriers related to prescriber-related factors such as the physician’s illusion and fear of litigation, are discussed. Potential patient- and environment-related barriers are also discussed, including sociocultural factors which may emerge in the process of initiating a course of deprescribing. Included in this chapter is a discussion of the possibility of relapse, colloquially defined, and the patient’s and provider’s fears for rehospitalization. Possible strategies for overcoming each of these barriers are discussed.

Download Full-text