scholarly journals Obriad "Provodov dushi" u mordvy Povolzh'ia v seredine XIX - nachale XXI vv.

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Liubov Nikolaevna Shchankina
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Christian Beliefs

On the basis of field researches, forwarding data of middle XX century made and collected by V.N. Belitser, stored in the archive of Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology Russian Academy of Science, as well as the analysis of published information made by culture researchers, the rites of the Mordvins associated with funerals and existed in the middle of the XIX – beginning of XXI century are examined. It is revealed that the funeral and memorial rites of the ethnic group are a synthesis of pre-Christian beliefs of the Mordvins with Christian ones. The changes that occurred in the funeral ceremonies of the Mordvins after adoption of Christianity, during the years of Soviet regime and over the past decades are described. As a result of the study, it was found that the funeral rites on the 40th day of the Mordvins, the Mokshas and the Erzi were largely identical; the differences were more regional than ethnic.

THE ROLE OF THAI PEOPLE IN VIETNAM – LAO TRADITIONAL FRIENDSHIP

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Van Loi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Thai People ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
Coherent Relationship ◽  
National Borders

Vietnam - Laos has more than 2,000 km of common national borders. The coherent relationship between the two nations and the inhabitants of the two countries has been formed and fostered in history and especially developed over the past 7 decades. The Thai ethnic group in Vietnam has over one million people, residing permanently, concentrated in the Northwest region, the region consists of 8 provinces, of which 4 provinces have the Vietnam-Laos border crossing. This paper focuses on clarifying the practical basis for the Thai people to play a role in the traditional Vietnam-Laos friendship and propose some solutions to promote the role of Thai in maintaining, developing the traditional friendship between Vietnam and Laos, now and in the future.

The uncarpentered world of Old English poetry

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Old English Poetry ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
Dream Of The Rood ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Military Security

Cultural archaism is often thought of as a natural concomitant of oral tradition, and by extension, of a literature that is influenced by oral tradition. In the case of Old English poetry, archaism might include residual pagan religious beliefs and practices, such as the funeral rites inBeowulfor the use of runes for sortilege, and certain outmoded aspects of social organization such as the idea of a state dependent upon thecomitatusfor military security. An example often cited is the adaptation of heroic terminology and detail to Christian topics. The compositional method in Cædmon's ‘Hymn’, for instance, is regarded by many scholars as an adaptation of panegyric epithets to the praise of God, although N. F. Blake has noted that heroic epithets in the poem could have derived their inspiration from the psalms. InThe Dream of the Rood, the image of Christ mounting the Cross as a warrior leaping to battle has been regarded variously as evidence of an artistic limitation imposed by oral tradition, or as a learned metaphor pointing to the divine and human nature of Christ and to the crucifixion as a conflict between Christ and the devil. The martyrdom of the apostles is represented as military conflict in Cynewulf'sFates of the Apostles, Christ and his apostles as king andcomitatusin Cynewulf'sAscension, and temptation by devils as a military attack inGuthlac A; these illustrate a point made by A.B. Lord concerning the nature of conservatism in oral tradition: ‘tradition is not a thing of the past but a living and dynamic process which began in the past [and] flourishes in the present’.

scholarly journals PEREMPUAN SUNDA DAN PELACURAN DI ZAMAN KOLONIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-220
Author(s):  
Gani Ahmad Jaelani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to analyze the relationship between Sundanese women and prostitution practices in the colonial era. The emphasis on Sundanese women is derived from the abundance of news reporting that they resort to prostitution because of the inherent vice, such as laziness and fondness of luxury. This view, mostly through European eyes, puts women, especially Sundanese women, into such a predicament. Therefore, there are three main concerns to discuss in this article. First, it analyses European reports on Sundanese women and their relation with prostitution. Second, it shows the complexity of the practice of prostitution in a colonial country. Last, it discusses that prostitution is enabled by other material conditions such as urban development. It is important to note that the association with immorality on a certain ethnic group has always been rooted from the past. In addition, it reinforces that the assumption that prostitution is merely women’s issue can no longer be held onto.  

scholarly journals Psychological features of perception of their group in temporal perspective in moldovan youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Caunenco ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
University Students ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Psychological Features

The article analyzes the results of an empirical study of Moldovan youth on the perception of their group in the past, present and future. The sample consisted of 200 respondents, Moldovans, university students in Chisinau. The basis for dividing the group of Moldovan youth into “optimists” and “pessimists” was their attitude to the future of their ethnic group. An empirical study of the characteristics of the perception of their group in the time perspective among young people of Moldovans revealed a great variability from “optimists”, who accounted for 43%, to “pessimists”, – 29%, which, according to researchers, is a reflection of the socio-cultural transformations taking place in Moldovan society.

scholarly journals Når arkeologi møter lokal kunnskap – etiske implikasjoner

1970 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Elin Rose Myrvoll
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local And Traditional Knowledge

Archaeologists produce and communicate authorized stories concerning cultural heritage and the past. Their legitimacy is based on education, scientific methods and their connection with a research community. Their position as authorized producers of history is also emphasized by TV programmes presenting archaeologists as riddle-solving detectives. The main aim of this article is to focus on the dynamics between stories communicated by archaeologists and the stories pass- ed on and communicated by members of a local community, and to discuss these. What happens when stories based on tradition and lore meet authorized stories? The latter sometimes overwrite or erase local lore and knowledge connected to features in the landscape. Some archaeological projects have, however, involved local participants and locally based knowledge. In addition, one should be aware that local and traditional knowledge are sometimes kept and transmitted within a family, local community or ethnic group. Local knowledge is therefore not always a resource that is accessible for archaeologists.

scholarly journals LESSON FROM THE PAST, KNOWLEDGE FOR THE FUTURE: ROLES OF HUMAN MEMORIES IN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI NARRATIVES IN MENTAWAI, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juniator Tulius
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Mentawai Islands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Active Tectonic

<p>Oral traditions are an important part of the culture of most Indonesian communities. Mentawai, an ethnic group residing in Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, has various genres of oral tradition. Traditional knowledge and local wisdom pertaining to natural disasters are also part of their oral tradition. Mentawai Islands are located along active tectonic plates, where earthquakes commonly occur at various magnitudes. Records show that<br />great earthquakes and tsunamis hit Mentawai Islands several times in 1797, 1833, 2007, and 2010. Surprisingly, earthquakes occurring some hundred years ago do not seem to appear in Mentawai oral tradition. This is slightly different from communities in Simeulue, Solomon, and Andaman Islands whose natives still remember some devastating catastrophes that occurred in the past. People’s collective memories play an important role in upholding significant messages from past natural disasters. Some of<br />those messages contain important lessons on how to cope with natural disasters if they should occur again. As a result, the majority of inhabitants of those islands survived future catastrophes because they remembered the lessons contained in their oral tradition. This is totally different in Mentawai where more than 500 people died during the 2010 earthquake and tsunami. Because of this, the Mentawai case becomes an interesting topic of study. This paper aims, therefore, to find out the reasons behind this apparent<br />lack of oral tradition pertaining to the earthquakes and tsunamis that occurred several hundred years ago.</p>

scholarly journals Luzhitsky Ethnosaving Movement in the Revolution of 1848-1849

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
E. Bevzyuk
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Decisive Action ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Revolution

The national and cultural activities of the Lusatian Serbs in the period of the revolution of 1848-1849 are one of the brightest and most controversial pages of the past of this small Slavic people ofGermany. During the revolution, the Lusatian Serbs, through their ideologues, with their locallyprovincial patriotism, were oriented towards supporting paternalistic relations with the royal authorities. To the main factors of the participation of the least numerous Slavic people in the revolutionary events of the middle of the XIX century national-cultural and ethnopolitical should be considered. During the revolution of 1848-1849, Serbs from the broad democratic program chose the path of humanization and moderate social liberalization. The first met the national and cultural needs of the people, and the second did not set the ethnic group in opposition to the monarchical power and democratic forces of Germany. In our opinion, the assumption of a possible ethnic minority of wider national rights or autonomy, subject to decisive action during the revolution, is unfounded. Already at the beginning of the XIX century the Lusatian Serbs ethnic group was a statistical minority in its ethnic region, which was divided between the two European states (Prussia and Saxony), therefore calls for more determined national requirements in ethnically mixed areas were not widespread, and the radicalization of thenational movement could lead to ethno-lateral consequences.

scholarly journals Reviewing the global economy: the UN and Bretton Woods systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Oram
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

Humankind has been searching for millennia for ways to govern itself at large scale and over great distances. Overwhelmingly, the dominant solution had been the creation of empires, defined as multi-ethnic or multinational states with political and/or military dominion over populations who are culturally and ethnically distinct from the ruling imperial ethnic group and its culture. In the modern Westphalian era of the past several centuries, a hybrid system of governance around the world emerged, comprising the nation state (in Europe and the Americas) and international empires (across Africa, Asia and Oceania).

Curriculum and Civil Society in Afghanistan

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Jones
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Regime ◽  
The 1960S

Although research has traditionally discussed the ways in which societies in conflict develop educational practices, only recently have scholars begun to examine the role of education in creating or sustaining conflict. In Afghanistan, changing regimes have had an impact on state-sanctioned curricula over the past fifty years, drastically altering the purpose and ideology of education. In this article, Adele Jones traces the changing nature of Afghan curricula since the 1960s, highlighting the conflict surrounding curricula during the Soviet regime. She posits that resistance to statesanctioned curricula was seen as resistance to the state regime, often putting schools at the center of conflict. This continues today, as Taliban groups resist the Western-influenced curricula of modern Afghanistan. Jones argues that understanding this cycle of resistance is critical for Western agencies aiming to support educational efforts in the country.

Gypsies: Current Policies and Practices

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Adams ◽  
Judith Okely ◽  
David Morgan ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Policies And Practices

ABSTRACTThis article describes current policies and practices in relation to English Gypsies and a study of Gypsies by participant observation. While governments in the past have always sought to prevent the Gypsies from travelling, local authorities have been equally concerned to prevent camping or settlement in their district. Despite the Caravan Sites Act 1968, which makes the provision of caravan sites mandatory, many authorities are reluctant to fulfil their obligations. By June 1974, pitches for little more than a quarter of Gypsy families had been provided. Harassment of travelling families who have no legal place to which to go persists.The evidence suggests that the Gypsies are a cohesive ethnic group with membership based primarily on descent. They are not drop-outs from house-dwelling society and they maintain their separation by intent. They have a viable economy based mainly on scrap breaking and it seems likely that travelling, which facilitates their work, will persist. Though some Gypsies wish to settle, many do not.Several short-term policy changes are proposed, requiring a more flexible and varied approach to accommodation for Gypsies. The hope is that Britain might ultimately become the first country to permit Gypsies their own separate way of life, travelling or settled by choice.

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