Health Behaviours and Awareness of Canada’s Food Guide: A Population-based Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonsikelelo Mathe ◽  
Calypse B. Agborsangaya ◽  
Christina C. Loitz ◽  
Jeffrey A. Johnson ◽  
Steven T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Specific Health

Purpose: Lifestyle behaviours among adults reporting awareness of Canada’s Food Guide (CFG) are described. Methods: Data from a cross-sectional survey of adults from Alberta were used to estimate the prevalence of reported health behaviours among respondents aware of the CFG. Results: Respondents (n = 1044) reported general awareness of CFG (mean age 50.3 years; 54.2% female) of whom 82.2% reported awareness of specific CFG recommendations. Respondents reported frequently reading food labels (>58.0%), reading the number of calories (45.5%), the amount of sodium (49.5%), the amount of fat (46.7%), and the type of fat (45.5%) on the food label. Most respondents (90.0%) reported frequently selecting foods to promote health. Approximately one-third of the respondents (35.8%) reported frequently consuming ≥5 portions of vegetables and fruit per day and regularly participating in physical activity (55.3%). Body weight was perceived as healthy by 63.4% of the respondents. Most engaged in 2 health behaviours frequently. Adjusting for important socio-demographic characteristics, those who reported frequently consuming ≥5 portions of vegetables and fruit per day were more likely to engage in a second health behaviour outlined in CGF (OR: 23.6, 95% CI (16.2–34.4)). Conclusion: Awareness of CFG did not translate to positive health behaviours. More proactive population level strategies to support specific health behaviours as outlined in CFG might be warranted.

scholarly journals Second-generation antipsychotics and metabolic side-effects: Canadian population-based study

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Hirsch ◽  
Scott B. Patten ◽  
Lauren Bresee ◽  
Nathalie Jette ◽  
Tamara Pringsheim
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Canadian Health

BackgroundUse of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) has increased in recent years; however, their use and effect on metabolic outcomes has been poorly characterised in population-level studies.AimsThis study aimed to determine the associations between SGA use and metabolic indicators in a general population.MethodWe used data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Canadian households. Participants were Canadians aged 3–79 years, living in one of the ten provinces. Several metabolic indicators were examined, including weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes and two definitions of metabolic syndrome.ResultsThe proportion of Canadians taking an SGA tripled over the study period. SGA use was significantly associated with hypertension (odds ratio 1.94, 95% CI 1.07–3.55) and abdominal obesity in adults, as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III (odds ratio 2.62, 95% CI 1.45–4.71).ConclusionsEvidence of metabolic dysfunction with SGAs is seen in the Canadian population, along with a rapid increase in prevalence of use since 2007.Declaration of interestNone.

A Population-Based Study on Association Between Cesarean Section and Neonatal Mortality in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Tawa Olukade ◽  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Ghose Bishwajit ◽  
Olalekan A. Uthman
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Mortality Outcome ◽  
Obstetric Services ◽  
National Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo examine the association between cesarean section and neonatal mortality Nigeria.METHODA retrospective analysis using Nigeria Demographic Health Survey 2013 national population-based cross-sectional survey. The national prevalence of cesarean section was calculated, and logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of neonatal mortality outcome following cesarean delivery.RESULTSThe national cesarean section rate for the 2009–2013 period was 2.1% among 31,495 deliveries. The odds of having a neonatal death was twice as high in cesarean deliveries in comparison to noncesarean deliveries (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.75 to 3.74).CONCLUSIONCesarean section increases the odds of neonatal mortality in Nigeria. There is a need to scale up the quality and timeliness of emergency obstetric services offered to pregnant women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intermittent claudication in rural and urban Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2620
Author(s):  
Manjunath Krishna ◽  
Anu M. Oommen ◽  
Jackwin Sam Paul G. ◽  
Vinod J. Abraham ◽  
Kuryan George
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Background Population

Background: Population based estimates from India on the prevalence of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) are scarce. This study aimed to assess the population-based prevalence of PAD in rural and urban Vellore, Tamil Nadu, South India.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted using the WHO STEPS methodology and the WHO/Rose questionnaire for intermittent claudication for identifying symptomatic PAD among adults aged 30-64 years. The study was done in nine villages of one rural block and in 48 urban wards of Vellore, between 2011-12. Risk factors for PAD such as sociodemographic factors, tobacco use, anthropometry, known medical conditions, Fasting Plasma Glucose and lipid profile were also assessed and association with PAD estimated using odds ratios, chi-square tests and logistic regression.Results: Among 5429 adults aged 30-64 years, the prevalence of PAD (intermittent claudication) was 4.9/1000 (95% Confidence Interval CI: 3.0/1000 - 6.8/1000). The prevalence in urban Vellore was higher than in the rural area (6.9/1000 vs. 3.8/1000).  After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and other confounding factors, current tobacco use was found to be significantly associated with the presence of PAD (adjusted Odds Ratio: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.10-7.54).Conclusions: This study provides estimates of the burden of PAD in rural and urban adults in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. The trend of this condition needs to be monitored in various locations to assess the public health significance and the need for population level measures for diagnosis, treatment and screening. Education regarding harmful effects of tobacco use should also involve education regarding risk of PAD.

scholarly journals 1247Low-calorie sweeteners consumption: a population-based study from Campinas, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Fagundes Grilo ◽  
Ana Clara Duran
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Socioeconomic Strata

Abstract Background The addition of low-calorie sweeteners (LCS) has been increasingly used by industry but their metabolic effects are controversial. Objectives: to estimate the consumption of foods and beverages with LCS among adolescents, adults and the elderly and to verify which food categories most contribute to this consumption. Methods Cross-sectional study. We used data from the Campinas Health Survey (ISACamp 2014-15) and the Food Consumption and Nutritional Status Survey (ISACamp-Nutri 2015-16) of 2570 individuals from 10 years old. We estimated the prevalence of LCS consumption and described the food categories that most contributed to this consumption. Using regression analysis, we verified which population groups had the highest consumption of products with LCS. Results More than 40% of adolescents, adults and the elderly consumed at least one product with LCS, mainly coming from sweetened beverages, tabletop sweeteners, and yogurt and other dairy beverages. The consumption of LCS was evenly found across adolescents and elderly from all socioeconomic strata, and whether elderly participants presented overweight and/or diabetes. Among adults, greater prevalence of foods and beverages with LCS consumption was found in those with higher education but did not vary by the presence of overweight and/or diabetes. Conclusions We found similar consumption of foods and beverages with LCS in most socioeconomic strata, and in participants with and without overweight or diabetes. Key messages The results can contribute to the development of public policies on clearer information of LCS addition in food labels.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of cataract surgical coverage in India: findings from a population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balasubramaniam Bharath ◽  
Sannapaneni Krishnaiah ◽  
Ahmed Imtiaz ◽  
Ramanathan V. Ramani
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of avoidable blindness in most parts of developing world, including India. The objectives were to assess cataract surgical coverage (CSC) and investigate the determinants for CSC among people aged 50 years or older in India.Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted to include 2023 residents aged ≥50 years old from 72 clusters of 20 districts in six states from various parts of India. Presenting visual acuity (VA), history of cataract surgery and operable cataract were assessed by trained professionals. Prevalence of CSC and factors influencing cataract surgery (CS) were studied in the multivariable logistic regression model. A two-sided p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Cataract surgery was done in 478 (23.6%) people in both eyes. Using VA<6/18 cut-off, the CSC was estimated as 67.2% in persons. In LR model, increased age was significantly associated with increased CS (P<0.0001). The odds of prevalence of CS was significantly lower in Uttar Pradesh; adjusted Odds Ratio (OR), 0.59; (95% CI: 0.36-0.95; p=0.032) and in persons with diabetes; OR: 0.61; (95% CI: 0.38-0.94; p=0.028).Conclusions: Cataract surgical need is currently not being met in India and the increasing prevalence of diabetes is an additional major challenge in addressing the gap in CS.

scholarly journals Acculturation, Food Label Literacy and Use Among South Asian Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 210-210
Author(s):  
Sunitha Jasti ◽  
Pooja Suganthan
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Asian Americans

Abstract Objectives To examine the level of acculturation and its association with food label literacy and use among South Asian Americans. Methods Data were collected using an online cross-sectional survey of 269 South Asian Americans living across the United States, recruited via social media and snow-ball sampling method. The Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics was adapted to measure acculturation amongst South Asian adults. The Newest Vital Sign health literacy assessment tool was used to measure food label literacy. Results In this sample of 196 South Asian Americans with complete data, mean age was 36 ± 11.4 y, the majority were born outside the U.S (84%), women (69%), married (69%), overweight/obese (65%) and had college degrees (86%). While most (82%) reported using food labels at least sometimes when purchasing a food product for the first time (82%), and that food labels influenced their purchase decisions (75%), only 35% demonstrated food label literacy (with maximum food label literacy score). Older (age ≥ 36y) South Asian Americans were more likely to be food label users (89.4% vs 73.6%, P = .006) and to report that food labels influence their food purchases (82.8% vs 69%, P = .034) than their younger counterparts. Mean acculturation was 3.14 ± 0.78 (scale 1 – 5). Higher acculturation (score &gt;median) was not associated with food label use, but was significantly associated with food label literacy (43.6% vs 27.3%, P = 0.018). The association between higher acculturation and food label literacy remained significant after controlling for age, sex and education (adj OR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.18, 4.14). Conclusions Nutrition education interventions are needed to improve food label literacy among South Asian Americans. Funding Sources None.

230 Association Between Chronotype and Subjective Cognitive Functioning: Population-Based Study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A92-A92
Author(s):  
Inha Hwang ◽  
Dana Oh ◽  
Jee-Eun Yoon ◽  
Daeyoung Kim ◽  
Kwang Ik Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Status

Abstract Introduction Increasing research suggests that subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in the absence of objective cognitive dysfunction may be a forerunner of non-normative cognitive decline and eventual progression to dementia. We investigated the association between chronotype and subjective cognitive functioning in the representative sample of the adult population. Methods We included subjects who participated in a nationwide cross-sectional survey of sleep and headache in 2018 in the Republic of Korea. A total of 2136 subjects (age 19-92, mean 48.3 ± 16.5 years old, 1062 male) was included in the analysis. To assess subjective cognitive functioning, we adopted the Mail-In Cognitive Function Screening Instrument (MCFSI). The MCSFSI is a brief, self-administered potential outcome measure developed by the Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study (ADCS) to detect early changes in cognitive and functional abilities in individuals without clinical impairment. MCFSI scores ≥5 were considered abnormal for this study. As an indicator of chronotype, we adopted the “midpoint of sleep on free days corrected for sleep extension on free days (MSFsc).” MSFsc was calculated as follows: MSFsc = midpoint of sleep on free days − 0.5 × (sleep duration on free days − [5 × sleep duration on workdays + 2 × sleep duration on free days]/7). Participants whose MSFsc occurred before 04:00 AM, between 04:00 and 04:59 AM, and after 05:00 AM were classified as early, intermediate, and late chronotype, respectively. The associations between chronotype and subjective cognitive functioning were analyzed with logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Results Subjective cognitive functioning was abnormal in 381 subjects (17.8%). A late chronotype was significantly associated with abnormal subjective cognitive functioning compared with an early chronotype independent of age, sex, average sleep duration, alcohol, smoking, regular exercise, anxiety, depression, body mass index (BMI), education years, and income status (OR 1.619, 95% CI 1.03 - 2.55, p=0.038). Abnormal subjective cognitive functioning was significantly associated with older age, female sex, lower education, higher BMI, anxiety, and depression. Conclusion This survey cohort results provide evidence at the population level that late chronotype is associated with abnormal subjective cognitive functioning. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Label reading habits and views on genetically modified organisms of adults during food shoppingErişkinlerin gıda alışverişi sırasında etiket okuma alışkanlıkları ve genetiği değiştirilmiş organizmalar konusundaki görüşleri

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2565
Author(s):  
Fatma Uyar ◽  
Aynur Çetinkaya ◽  
Dilek Özmen ◽  
Ali Tayhan ◽  
Damla Şahin Büyük
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Public Health Nurse ◽  
Food Labels ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
Collection Form

Food label makes it possible to use the rights training, access to information, selection for consumer. It is possible to eat healthy by having more information on food labels. This study was planned to determine food label reading habit and the views on GMOs of adults. The population of the research consists of adults who shpping at supermarket in Manisa. The sample was 658 people (n=658). The descriptive and cross-sectional survey was done October between and December 2014. The data collection form includes socio-demographic information, opinions on label reading and GMOs. It was found that 80.1% of respondents' source of information on GMOs is the media.It was found that socio-demographical characteristics of the participants affected food labels reading habits and views on GMOs. It was found that most of respondents that disagreed in production with genetically modified seeds in Turkey is correct. Furthermore most of respondents thought that did not comply with the ban which prevents entry of genetically modified foods to Turkey and did not make necessary checks in there. The results of this study show that adults are not having much knowledge about GMOs and risk perseption scale on GMOs is great. the media has the bigggest effect about GMOs. This study once again showed the need for the educational role of the public health nurse in terms of community nutrition. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetGıda etiketi tüketicinin bilgi edinme, eğitilme, seçme hakkını kullanmasını mümkün kılar. Gıda etiketleri hakkında daha fazla bilgiye sahip olarak sağlıklı beslenmek mümkündür. Çalışma erişkinlerin gıda etiketi okuma alışkanlığı ve GDO konusundaki görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Manisa il merkezinde bulunan süpermarketlerden alışveriş yapan erişkinler oluşturmuştur. Örneklem ise 568 kişidir (n=658). Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipteki çalışmanın verileri Ekim-Aralık 2014 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Veriler GDO’ ya ilişkin soruların olduğu form ve sosyo-demografik bilgi formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. GDO’ ya ilişkin bilgiye ulaşmada en sık kullanılan kaynak medyadır (%80.1).Katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin   etiket okuma alışkanlığı ve GDO’ ya ilişkin görüşlerini etkilediği bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların çoğu Türkiye’de GD tohumlarla üretim yapılmasını doğru bulmadığını, Türkiye’de GDO’ lu gıda girişini engelleyen yasağa uyulmadığını ve gerekli kontrollerin yapılmadığını düşünmektedir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre erişkinler GDO hakkında pek fazla bilgi sahibi değildir ve medya en büyük etkiye sahiptir. Katılımcıların GDO risk algısı yüksektir. Bu çalışma toplum beslenmesi açısından halk sağlığı hemşiresinin eğitici rolüne olan ihtiyacı bir kez daha gözler önüne sermiştir.

scholarly journals Stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence among children under 7 years in the context of the social rapidly developing: Findings from a population-based survey in nine cities of China in 2016

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245455
Author(s):  
Ya-Qin Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hua-Hong Wu ◽  
Xin-Nan Zong
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Body Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

The prevalence of stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence are various in different populations and they also have changed with social developing and environmental improving. In this paper, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence in some developed regions of China. Data were collected in a population-based cross-sectional survey by a multi-stage cluster sampling method in nine cities located in the northern, central, and southern region of China in 2016. Children under seven years (n = 110,491) were measured. WHO growth standards were used to assess the growth status. Stunting, underweight, wasting, overweight and obesity were considered as the primary forms of malnutrition (includes undernutrition and overnutrition) for infant or young children at population-levels. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and overweight or obesity were respectively 0.7%, 0.6%, 1.2%, and 7.6%. Most of these children (95.4%) suffered from one form of malnutrition, and only 0.2% of them concurrently stunted and wasted, 0.4% concurrently stunted and overweight, 1.7% concurrently stunted and underweight, 2.3% concurrently underweight and wasted. Among stunted children, 91.2% were appropriate body proportion, and only 2.3% were wasted, 6.5% were overweight or obesity. Among overweight or obese children, only 0.6% were stunted, whereas, 15.8% were high stature and 83.6% were the appropriate ranges of stature. Sex, age, urban/suburban, and region were associated with these primary forms of malnutrition in the multivariate logistic analysis. In conclusion, we found that the coexistence of stunting and overweight was not common at both population-level and individual-level. The situation for undernutrition had significantly improved, and overweight may be the leading public health issue for children under seven years in the nine cities of China.

scholarly journals Self-medication practices and associated factors in the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 virus: A population-based survey in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ike Wegbom ◽  
Clement Kevin Edet ◽  
Olatunde Raimi ◽  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
Victor Alangibi Kiri
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sufficient Knowledge ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Abstract Background: The anxiety caused by the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) globally has made many Nigerians resort to self-medication for purported protection against the disease, amid fear of contracting it from health workers and hospital environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the knowledge level, causes, prevalence, and determinants of self-medication practices for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 in Nigeria.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and July 2020 among the Nigerian population, using a self-reported questionnaire. Statistical analysis of descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses was done using STATA 15.Results: A total of 461 respondents participated in the survey. Almost all the respondents had sufficient knowledge about self-medication (96.7%). The overall prevalence of self-medication for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 was 41%. The contributing factors were fear of stigmatization or discrimination (79.5%), fear of being quarantine (77.3%), and fear of infection or contact with a suspected person (76.3%). The proximal reasons for self-medication were emergency illness (49.1%), delays in receiving hospital services (28.1%), distance to the health facility (23%), and proximity of the pharmacy (21%). The most commonly used drugs for self-medication were vitamin C and multivitamin (51.8%) and antimalarials (24.9%). These drugs were bought mainly from pharmacies (73.9%). From the multivariate logistic regression model, male gender (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.07–0.54), and sufficient knowledge on SM (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.19–0.77) were significantly associated with self-medication.Conclusion: Despite the high knowledge and the risks associated with self-medication among the respondents, the practice is prevalent for perceived COVID-19 prevention and treatment. Based on the findings of this study the media and the community-based should be engaged to create awareness on the dangers of self-medication and the need for positive health behaviour concerning COVID-19. Pharmacies, patent medicine vendors, and traditional medicine practitioners have a role to play since most of the drugs are bought from them. A review and activation of relevant laws on drug use are also suggested.

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