scholarly journals Application of Hydrogen Peroxide-Melanin Bleaching and Fluorescent Nuclear Staining for Whole-Body Clearing and Imaging in Fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-103
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Futami ◽  
Oto Furukawa ◽  
Masashi Maita ◽  
Takayuki Katagiri
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Nuclear Staining

scholarly journals The Status of An Inversely Coupled Oxic/Sulphidic Oscillator (OSO) in the Whole Body Chemocline Will Determine Clinical Unfolding in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)* of Any Aetiology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Thangaraj
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Meromictic Lakes ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Organ Function ◽  
Communication Failure ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
The Status ◽  
Informational Value

Life evolved in an euxinic world with subsequent oxic 'invasion' leading to two parallel but interconnected biospheres, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exemplify these worlds respectively. Their concentration gradients have informational value in meromictic lakes. Similarly, it is posited, there exists a whole body chemocline in humans in which the two molecules form an inversely coupled oxic/sulphidic oscillator (OSO). The OSO is hormetic and characterised by a range of amplitudes and frequencies in health. Deviations from its baseline profile heralds the onset of SIRS before the appearance of clinical signs. Loss of oscillator status and transition to a steady state causes widespread intercellular and inter-organ communication failure presaging multi-organ dysfunction. The salient clinico-pathophysiological features of SIRS of any aetiology are emergent phenomena related to the OSO profile. Extent of recovery of organ function will mirror the recovery of the OSO profile thereby providing a tool to predict outcomes in SIRS.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and detoxycative mechanisms in central nervous system

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marzena Gutowicz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Nonenzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Small Change ◽  
The Many

Since the brain contains a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids, consumes up to 20% of oxygen used by the whole body and exhibits low antioxidants activity, it seems to be especially vulnerable to oxidative stress. The most important antioxidant enzymes are superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide, catalase (CAT), which converts toxic hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, and glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSHPx), which reduces hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides with glutathione as the cofactor. Among other detoxifying enzymes, the most significant is glutathione transferase (GST), which shows detoksyvarious catalytic activities allowing for removal of xenobiotics, reducing organic peroxides and oxidized cell components. One of the most important brain nonenzymatic antioxidants is reduced glutathione (GSH), which (individually or in cooperation with peroxidases) participates in the reduction of free radicals, repair of oxidative damage and the regeneration of other antioxidants, such as ascorbate or tocopherol. Glutathione as a cosubstrate of glutathione transferase scavenges toxic electrophilic compounds. Although the etiology of the major neurodegenerative diseases are unknown, numerous data suggest that reactive oxygen species play an important role. Even a small change in the level of antioxidants can leads to the many disorders in the CNS.

scholarly journals A sensitive chemiluminescence based immunoassay for the detection of cortisol and cortisone as stress biomarkers

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jwan O. Abdulsattar ◽  
Gillian M. Greenway
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Immobilization ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Interference Studies ◽  
Linear Concentration

AbstractAn electrochemically based antibody immobilization was used to perform environmentally and clinically relevant immunoassays for stress hormones biomarkers (cortisol and cortisone) using chemiluminescence (CL) detection. To achieve CL detection, the ferrocene tag on the antibodies was first oxidised, and this then acted as a catalyst for the luminol and hydrogen peroxide CL reaction. The conditions were optimised and measurements were made with an incubation time of 30 min. Using this approach limits of detection were obtained of 0.47 pg ml−1 and 0.34 pg ml−1 also R2 0.9912 and 0.9902 for cortisol and cortisone respectively with a linear concentration from 0 to 50 ng ml−1. The method was then applied to Zebrafish whole body and artificial saliva samples. For the Zebrafish sample recoveries of 91.0% and 90.0% were obtained with samples spiked with cortisol and cortisone, for artificial saliva the recoveries were 92.59% and 90.73% respectively. Interference studies showed only minor effects on the measurement of the analyte. A comparison between this procedure and the standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure gave approximately the same R2 values.

scholarly journals Optical measurement of the catalase-hydrogen peroxide intermediate (Compound I) in the liver of anaesthetized rats and its implication to hydrogen peroxide production in situ

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Oshino ◽  
D Jamieson ◽  
T Sugano ◽  
B Chance
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ethanol Oxidation ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Compound I ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
Endogenous Substrates

The spectrophotometric determination of the catalase-H2O2 intermediate (Compound I) was extended to the liver in situ in anaesthetized rats. The rate of H2O2 production was determined for the liver in situ with endogenous substrates, and in the presence of excess of glycollate. Glycollate infusion doubled H2O2 production rate in the liver of air-breathing rats, and caused a fourfold increase when rats breathed O2 at 1 times 10(5) Pa. Hyperbaric O2 up to 6 times 10(5) Pa did not increase H2O2 generation supported by endogenous substrates, nor did it increase H2O2 production above that produced by 1 times 10(5) Pa O2 in glycollate-supplemented rats. The rates of ethanol oxidation via hepatic catalase and via alcohol dehydrogenase in the whole body were separately measured. The contribution of hepatic catalase to ethanol oxidation was found to be approx. 10 percent in endogenous conditions and increased to 30 percent or more of the total ethanol oxidation in rats supplemented with glycolate.

Effect of Whole Body X-Radiation and of Intraperitoneal Hydrogen Peroxide on Mouse Liver Catalase

Science ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 111 (2876) ◽  
pp. 149-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Feinstein ◽  
C. L. Butler ◽  
D. D. Hendley
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Whole Body
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document