scholarly journals Experimental approach in apple tree nutrition

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kállay ◽  
E. Szűcs
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Apple Fruits ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Authors present synthesis of experimental work, performed in the last decades, for better understanding nutritional behaviour of apple trees and related problems in fruit quality. There were evidences supporting possible deteriorating role of potassium in feeble physiological status of apples, if applied in excess. More intensive studies proved that higher potassium uptake into leaves and fruits might be also the result of increased sink power of individual fruits. Nevertheless early senescence of apples during storage and also sensibility to bitter pit were successfully related to the increased sink power of fruits, casual relations in excessive NPK fertilization, although increase in sink power need further investigations. Impaired weather conditions during early development of fruits, hostile orchard practices in pruning, thinning, irrigation and also unskilled application of growth regulators may also contribute in the enhancement of sink power and in weakened physiological status of apple fruits.

scholarly journals Studying The Chemical Composition Of Apple Fruits Of Different Ecological And Geographical Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (11) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Sh.M. Akhmedov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Apple Fruits

The article presents the results of studying the chemical composition of fruits of different varieties of apple trees. The study of the chemical composition of apple fruits showed that the place of breeding and growth of the variety directly depends on the increase in the chemical composition of the fruit. The following apple varieties were identified: by dry matter - Afghan 255603, Roksa Red Delicious; by the amount of sugars - Georges kav, Jonared; by the amount of sucrose - Carnel Red, Georges Kav, Zarya Podolia, Mariorik Pia; for titratable acidity - Afghan 255603; for ascorbic acid - Grafenstein red, Calville Lezanne, Renet June, Apple-tree Gissar. These varieties can be used in breeding programs and introduced into production.

scholarly journals Beyond-root calcium fertilization of apple trees

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Słowik ◽  
Dariusz Świetlik
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fruit Flesh ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Calcium Fertilization

Investigations were performed in the period 1977-1979 on the apple tree cultivar 'Fantazja', on rootstock A 2, M 7 and MM 106 on the effect of spraying with solution containing calcium on the incidence of bitter pit, breakdown, calcium content in the fruit flesh and other features of the fruits. Threefold spraying with calcium nitrate, calcium chloride or Anti-Stipp significantly limited the appearance of bitter pit and breakdown.

scholarly journals Keeping ability of apple fruits of new cultivars under different storage technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012099
Author(s):  
V A Gudkovsky ◽  
L V Kozhina ◽  
Yu B Nazarov ◽  
A V Sutormina ◽  
D V Akishin
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
Soft Scald ◽  
Apple Fruits

Abstract The fruits of new apple cultivars bred by the FSBSI “Federal Scientific Center named after IV Michurin”, adapted to the stressful weather conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia, were used. During storage of control and 1-MCP-treated fruits of 5 studied apple cultivars in air (regular atmosphere: CO2 = 0.03%, O2 = 21%), modified atmosphere (O2 = 16-19%, CO2 = 1.5-5.0%) and controlled atmosphere with ultra-low oxygen content (O2 = 1.2-1.5%, CO2 = 1.2-1.5%), the following main diseases were identified: for cv. Uspenskoye – scald, bitter pit, breakdown; for cv. Fregat - bitter pit, breakdown, CO2-skin injury. Development of several diseases at the same time is also possible (CO2-skin injury + bitter pit, bitter pit + breakdown); for cv. Flagman - scald, bitter pit, breakdown, scald + bitter pit; for cv. Bylina - CO2-skin injury, bitter pit, breakdown, soft scald; for cv. Vympel - CO2-skin injury. Maximum storage efficiency was shown by fruits cv. Vympel stored under CA + 1-MCP technology. Data on the keeping ability of apple fruits of the studied cultivars allow developing high-precision varietal storage technologies.

scholarly journals The role of biofertilizers in improving vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of apple

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Walid Fediala Abd El-Gleel Mosa ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Mateusz Frąc ◽  
Paweł Trzciński ◽  
Waldemar Treder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Rhizobium Sp ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Apple trees which grafted on M.M. 106 stocks were planted at the beginning of spring 2014 in pots at the Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice, Poland. The used treatments in the experiment were: NPK fertilization and bioproducts: Fertigo (Manure), Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, BioFeed Quality, BioFeed Amin, Vinassa, Florovit Natura and Florovit Eko. In the spring, these treatments were applied to apple trees alone or enriched with Pantoea sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and Rhizobium sp. bacterial strains. Growth, yield and fruit quality parameters were evaluated. The results revealed that photosynthetic rate was greatly improved by the addition of bacteria to Fertigo (Manure), Micosat, Humus UP and Humus Active + Aktywit PM as compared to NPK. Tree trunk thickness was significantly enhanced with Vinassa, Florovit Natura and Florovit Eko enriched with bacteria. The application of bacterial strains increased the effectiveness of Fertigo (Manure), Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, Biofeed Amin and Yeast in increasing significantly number and weight of fruits as compared to NPK. 

An experimental approach to communal coping

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752199246
Author(s):  
Melissa Zajdel ◽  
Vicki S. Helgeson
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Communal Coping ◽  
Observational Measures ◽  
Relationship Outcomes ◽  
The Individual

Communal coping has been linked to better psychological and physical health across a variety of stressful contexts. However, there has been no experimental work causally linking communal coping to relationship and health outcomes. In addition, research has emphasized the collaboration over the shared appraisal component of communal coping. The present study sought to isolate the role of appraisal by manipulating whether dyads viewed a stressor as shared or individual. Friend dyads (n = 64 dyads; 128 participants) were randomly assigned to view a stressor as either a shared or an individual problem, but both groups were allowed to work together. Across self-report and observational measures dyads reported more collaboration and support, better relationship outcomes, and more positive mood after the stressor in the shared than the individual appraisal group. This is the first laboratory evidence to establish causal links of communal coping—specifically shared appraisal—to positive relationship and health outcomes.

Etude ultrastructurale des relations hôte–parasite au cours de l'infection des pommes par le Phytophthora cactorum

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Mourichon ◽  
G. Sallé
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Extrahaustorial Matrix ◽  
Apple Fruits

An electron microscopic study was performed on haustoria of Phytophthora cactorum (L. et C.) Schroeter developed in tissues of two cultivars of apple fruits: a susceptible variety ('Golden delicious') and a resistant one ('Belle de Boskoop'). Ultrastructure of intercellular hyphae and some aspects of their penetration between contiguous host cells were described. A light dissolution of the host cell walls was observed. Ontogenic investigations indicated that in the susceptible host, the wall of the fungal haustoria was covered with a dense-stained extrahaustorial matrix. Its origin and its polysaccharide nature were demonstrated. On the other hand, the resistant host developed, immediately after the inoculation, a papilla which gave rise, later on, to a sheath enclosing adult haustoria. The role of these callosic structures in the phenomenon of resistance was discussed.

scholarly journals Production choices with water markets and risk aversion: the role of initial allocations and forward trading

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Bontems ◽  
Céline Nauges
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Forward Trading ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Abstract We develop a theoretical model that describes risk-averse farmers’ decisions when facing production risk due to uncertain weather conditions and when irrigation water can be traded on a market. We focus on the role of initial water allocations granted to irrigated farms at the start of the season. The presence of water markets makes the future water price uncertain and hence the value of initial water allocations uncertain. We analyse the properties of this background risk and study how initial water allocations impact farmers’ land allocation decisions between an irrigated crop and a non-irrigated crop, both characterised by random expected net returns. We then extend the model by permitting irrigation water to be traded ex-ante at a known price (forward market). Finally, we illustrate our main theoretical findings using simulations. We calibrate distributions of the random variables based on observed data from the Murray–Darling Basin in Australia where a water market has been in place for several decades.

The role of short-term weather conditions in temporal dynamics of fire regime features in mainland Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 575-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Jiménez-Ruano ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues Mimbrero ◽  
W. Matt Jolly ◽  
Juan de la Riva Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Short Term
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document