scholarly journals Evaluation of supercritical plant extracts on volatile and non volatile biologically active lipophil components

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Lemberkovics ◽  
Á. Kéry ◽  
B. Simándi ◽  
T. Sz. Kristó ◽  
A. Kakasy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Salvia Fruticosa ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Bounded Form

Authors dealt more than ten years with the analysis of supercritical extracts. For extraction (SFE) carbon dioxide was used as supercritical solvent. Fractionation of extracts was carried out by releasing the separations pressure at two stages. The extracts were collected as separate samples successively in time. The traditional extractions were carried out with steam distillation or by using n-hexane and ethanol in Soxhlet apparatus. For the analysis of volatile compounds GC, GC-MS; of non volatile compounds TLC-densitometry and spectroscopic methods were used. The following general characteristics were established comparing the composition of steam distillated oils with that of volatile SFE fractions. The SFE fractions were richer in monoterpene-esters and poorer in alcohols than the essential oils prepared by traditional way (clary sage, lavandel). Regarding the distributi,n of the monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds, the SFE fractions contained sesquiterpene hydrocarbon in higher percentage than the distillated oils (e.g. 13-caryophyllene in Salvia fruticosa, (3-caryophyllene, y­muurolene, y-cadinene in Ochnum basilicum). Further the proportion of sesquiterpenes increased in SFE fractions collected successively in time.Significant difference was remarkable in respect of the optical rotationability of lovage oil and SFE fraction which was probably caused by the different ratio between the two ligustilid enantiomers. It was verified in some cases that a part of mono- and sesquiterpenes were present originally in a bounded form (glycosides) in plants. Therefore they appeared in essential oil fractions only after previous acidic treatment (Thymus, Origanum species). During the supercritical extraction the azulenogene sesquiterpene lactones did not transform to azulenes (in chamomile, yarrow), but the non volatile SFE fractions of some Asteraceae plant contained sesquiterpene--lacton of unchanged structure in high quantity (e.g. cnicin in blessed thistle, parthenolide in feverfew). Authors obtained also SFE fractions which were rich in triterpenoids and phytosterols (marigold, common dandelion).  

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF LAURUS NOBILIS EXTRACTS COMPOSITION OBTAINED BY MICROWAVE EXTRACTION, SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND STEAM DISTILLATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 373-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Igorevich Pokrovskiy ◽  
Denis Igorevich Prokopchuk ◽  
Saida Amiranovna Bagatelia ◽  
Sergei Alexandrovich Pokryshkin ◽  
Mikhail Olegovich Kostenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Laurus Nobilis

A comparison of chemical composition of bay laurel extracts obtained by microwave extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation was performed. Microwave extraction and steam distillation were shown to give similar essential oils. Microwave extract contains more monoterpenoid components, especially hydrocarbons. Steam distillation oil contains more sesquiterpenoid compounds, mostly oxygenated. SFE extract composition differs substantially from the ones obtained by two other methods. According to GC-MS data they contain much more sesquiterpenoid components, namely sesquiterpene lactones. This makes SFE a perspective candidate for isolation of biologically active compounds from laurel leaves. However, apart from valuable compound SFE extracts also contain substantial amounts of waxes as well as large quantities of some non-volatile component undetectable via GC-MS. In order to implement SFE into the practice of laurel processing one has to develop an approach for the fractionation of SFE extracts allowing isolating sesquiterpene lactone enriched fraction.

scholarly journals Assessment of Monoterpene Components in Wild Rose Petals Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
Koval Inna
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Rose Petals ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Active Substances

The content, component composition, and main directions of the use of monoterpenes of wild rose petals compounds are considered in the research. The study on six wild rose species was carried out in the collection of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Volatile organic compounds were isolated by steam distillation, and their determination was performed by means of gas chromatography. R. rugosa petals contained the highest number of monoterpenoids, while R. canina petals – the lowest. In our research twentyone different (acyclic, monocyclic, bicyclic) monoterpenoids were identified, including alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, and ketones. All groups of monoterpenoids are biologically active substances and have a significant effect on the aroma of the studied plants.

scholarly journals Biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
А.S. Kishkentayeva ◽  
◽  
S.N. Mantler ◽  
М.М. Zhakanov ◽  
S.М. Adekenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

The review summarizes data on biologically active compounds of Achillea nobilis L. and methods of their isolation. From Achillea nobilis L., collected in different places of growth, the following have been isolated: essential oil, the main components of which are monoterpene compounds; sesquiterpene lactones estafiatin, hanphyllin, anobin, chrysartemine A, canin, anolide and tanapartin-β-peroxide; the steroid acetyleucanbin; flavonoids: 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone and 5,3’-di-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone. It has been determined that the component composition of the essen-tial oil of Achillea nobilis L. largely depends on the soil and climatic factors in the places of its growth, the phase of the growing season and the method of its extraction from plant raw materials, and the extractant used (chloroform, ethanol, hot water, diethyl ether). Antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic activi-ties are characteristic both for the sums of extractive substances from Achillea nobilis L. and for individual compounds isolated from them. Methods for the isolation of biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L. for the development of new drug substances are described. The main aim of this work was a com-parative analysis of the available research results on the phytochemical study of Achillea nobilis L.

Comparative Histochemical analysis of above-ground parts of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria growing in Central Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 4863-4867
Author(s):  
Yerbolat Tulebayev A. ◽  
Margarita Ishmuratova Yu. ◽  
Irina Losseva V. ◽  
Wirginia Kukuła-Koch ◽  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Filipendula Ulmaria ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
The Republic

The histochemical analysis of medicinal plants and raw materials makes it possible to establish the presence of certain groups of active and related substances or products of their metabolism, as well as to study their localization in tissues. The article presents the results of histochemical analysis of leaves, flowers, petioles and stems of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria. These types of plant are used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and bactericidal agent. Our research objective - to determine the peculiarities of the localization features of individual groups of secondary metabolites in the aerial part of meadowsweet and meadowsweet growing in the territory of Central Kazakhstan at the microscopic level. Materials and Methods. Transverse sections of petioles, stem and whole flower; transverse and superficial sections of leaves of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria were fixed in Strauss-Fleming solution, after which histochemical reactions were carried out to locate and identify essential oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, polysaccharides and alkaloids. The study of microscopic signs, as well as histochemical tests were carried out according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan using a light microscope Biomed-4. Results and Discussion. The localization of biologically active substances in the studied types of plant raw materials was determined by histochemical methods using light microscopy. The presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, traces of essential oil, alkaloids and sesquiterpene lactones was established. The absence of polysaccharides in the investigated micropreparations was established. Conclusions. For the first time, the localization of secondary metabolites in the tissues of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria was studied by histochemical tests. The results of histochemical studies can be used to confirm the authenticity, identification and standardization of the aerial parts of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria.

Aktywność przeciwutleniająca ekstraktów z wybranych roślin należących do rodziny Rosaceae

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Muzykiewicz ◽  
Joanna Zielonka-Brzezicka ◽  
Adam Klimowicz
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Rosaceae Family

Introduction. Plants are a valuable source of biologically active compounds, including antioxidants, which could prevent the development of oxidative stress. The members of Rosaceae family such as Sorbus aucuparia L. and Cydonia oblonga Mill. are the examples of plants contained antioxidants. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of leaves and fruits extracts of rowan and quince, taking into account influence of the extrahent as well as extraction method on this activity. Material and methods. The extracts were obtained by classic extraction methods – shaking and extraction in Soxhlet apparatus. Methanol, acetone as well as 70 and 96% (v/v) ethanol were used as solvents. Antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH, FRAP, Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) and ABTS methods. Results. The highest antioxidant activity was found in leaf extracts of both plants. In most cases, rowan extracts showed higher potential than appropriate extracts of quince. The most effective extraction method was extraction in Soxhlet apparatus using methanol (in case of rowan and quince) as well as 96% (v/v) ethanol (quince) and 70% (v/v) ethanol (rowan). The highest results were obtained with FRAP method, whereas the lowest – with DPPH. Conclusions. The presented in vitro results confirmed, that the leaves and fruits extracts of selected plants belonging to the Rosaceae family showed antioxidant activity and could be applied in various industry branches.

scholarly journals A New Phytochemical and Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Different Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Badr Zekkori ◽  
Farid Khallouki ◽  
Amar Bentayeb ◽  
Serena Fiorito ◽  
Francesca Preziuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Polarity Index ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mean Time

The phytochemical composition of Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa, commonly known as crisphead lettuce, from Morocco has been re-investigated for the presence of oxyprenylated cinnamic acid and coumarin derivatives. In the mean time also the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts from leaves obtained by the use of a Soxhlet apparatus have been assessed. The extracts had a high content of polyphenols with remarkable differences ranging from 0.19 to 0.38 mg gallic acid eq/mg, while the content of flavonoids ranged from 3.75 to 9.64 mg catechin eq/g. The hydroalcoholic extract with a polarity index of 5.8 displayed the best anti-oxidant, radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activities. The same extracts were screened by reverse-phase HPLC-UV/V analysis for the presence of biologically active oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids. Only 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid was recorded in detectable amounts. Results described herein enforce the nutraceutical value and depict a potential chemopreventive dietary feeding role for crisphead lettuce.

scholarly journals Identification of Volatile Compounds in Chrysanthemum morifolium by Microwave Distillation Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with GC/MS

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Bei Yang ◽  
Haiying Zhang ◽  
Yingjia Yu ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Microwave Distillation

Abstract Microwave distillation with concomitant solid-phase microextraction (MD-SPME) coupled with GC/MS was developed for identifying volatile compounds in the dried flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium (CM). Different experimental parameters, including SPME fiber coating, microwave power, irradiation time, and water volume were optimized. The best results were obtained using carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber with microwave irradiation at 400 W for 3 min and the addition of 1 mL water into 1.0 g sample. The proposed method allowed the isolation, extraction, and concentration of volatile compounds to be completed in a single step. This MD-SPME-GC/MS method has also been compared to the conventional steam distillation method followed by GC/MS for this identification. Thirty-two volatile compounds were identified using the newly developed MD-SPME-GC/MS process. Relative standard deviation values of <9.8 demonstrate good repeatability. In comparison, 27 compounds were identified by traditional steam distillation-GC/MS. Therefore, the proposed MD-SPME-GC/MS method is simple, rapid, and efficient for identifying volatile compounds in CM.

Some volatile compounds in New Zealand Cheddar cheese and their possible significance in flavour formation: I. Identification of the volatile carbonyl fraction

1959 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. L. Walker ◽  
R. J. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Cheese Flavour ◽  
Flavour Formation

Flavour concentrates from mature New Zealand Cheddar cheese were prepared by steam distillation methods. Using 2:4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent the presence of carbonyl compounds in the distillate was established. By means of paper chromatography, and other methods, the following compounds were identified in the distillate: acetoin, diacetyl, acetaldehyde, acetone, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone and 2-undecanone, and their approximate concentrations in New Zealand Cheddar cheese were determined. The possible role of these compounds in the formation of Cheddar cheese flavour is discussed.The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful advice and criticism of Dr H. R. Whitehead and Dr W. A. McGillivray, and the technical assistance of Mr P. L. McLaughlin.

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