scholarly journals Effects of activated charcoal on rooting of in vitro apple (Malus domestics Borkh.) shoots

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
J. Dobránszky ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr ◽  
J. Lazányi ◽  
J. Szalai
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Very High ◽  
Rooting Capacity

Rooting of in vitro 'Royal Gala' shoots was studied under different conditions of root induction and root elongation phase. The rooting capacity was affected by both rooting phases. Very high rooting percentage could be reached with both liquid and solid root induction media. Raising the temperature from 22 °C to 26 °C during root induction phase increased the rooting percentage. Presence of activated charcoal in root elongation media can affect the number of roots per rooted shoots and can increase the rooting percentage, the length of roots and the rate of survival depending also on other conditions during rooting. Presence of NAA in root elongation media reduced the number and the length of roots considerably. Favourable effect of activated charcoal on rooting was mainly due to adsorption of NAA.

scholarly journals Cytokinin and auxin levels in micropropagating Red Fuji and McIntosh apple varieties

2001 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Katalin Magyarné Tábori ◽  
Judit Dobránszki ◽  
Antal Ferenczy ◽  
Erzsébet Jámborné Benczúr ◽  
János Lazányi
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Rooting Capacity

Effects of media hormone content on in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting were examined in cv. Red Fuji and McIntosh apple scions. Multiplication responses of shoots to different concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/l) of 6-benzylaminopurine and 6-benzylaminopurine riboside were tested at two levels (0.1 and 0.3 mg/l) of indole-3-butyric acid. The best proliferation rate was achieved on medium containing 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid in cv. Red Fuji (5.3) and on medium containing 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.3 mg/lindole-3-butyric acid in cv McIntosh (10.3). The length of shoots on these media was enough for rooting (38.4 mm in cv. Red Fuji and 39.3 mm in cv McIntosh). Shoots developed on the best proliferation medium were used for rooting. Effects of different concentrations of auxin in the root induction media and presence of activated charcoal in the root elongation media were examined on rooting capacity. The best rooting rate (100% in cv. McIntosh and 83% in cv. Red Fuji) was achieved when the root induction medium contained 1.0 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. In general, rooting was inhibited in the presence of activated charcoal.  Because of high in vitro multiplication and rooting rate and high percent of survival during acclimatisation, the methods described here make effective micropropagation processes possible for cv. Red Fuji and McIntosh. 

scholarly journals Effects of indole-3-butyric acid levels and activated charcoal on rooting of in vitro shoots of apple rootstocks

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
J. Dobránszky ◽  
E. Jámbor-Benczúr ◽  
J. Lazányi ◽  
J. Szalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Rooting Ability ◽  
In Vitro Shoots

Rooting responses of rootstocks cvs. JTE-F1, M. 26 and MM. 106 were studied to different concentration of IBA in root induction media and to presence of activated charcoal in root elongation media. High rooting rate (>90%) could be achieved in cvs. JTE-H and M. 26, while cv. MM. 106 showed weak rooting ability at each IBA level tested. Increasing IBA content depressed the rooting only in cv. M. 26. Presence of activated charcoal decreased considerable the rooting rate in cv. M. 26 and decreased the number of roots in cvs. JTE-H and M. 26. These cultivars developed longer roots on media containing activated charcoal, while cv. MM. 106 did not showed any reaction for it.

scholarly journals Effects of Some Antioxidants on in Vitro Rooting of Apple Shoots

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1435-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Standardi ◽  
Fausto Romani
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Root Initiation ◽  
Acid Sodium Salt ◽  
Fast Decline ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Diethyldithiocarbamic Acid

In vitro-proliferated shoots of `Delicious' and `Starkspur Red' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were submitted for 1 week to root induction in the dark with their basal parts in liquid medium containing 1.5 μm IBA and 43.4 mm sucrose. The shoots were transferred to root initiation and root elongation medium made up of plugs wetted with half-strength Lepoivre salts. When antioxidants, such as PVP, GH, 2-Me, and DIECA, were added to the liquid induction medium, the percentages of rooting usually decreased. In contrast, if the antioxidants PVP and citric acid were added in the initiation-elongation medium, the percentages of rooting increased. The results agree with the finding of other researchers who proposed a rapid increase in peroxidase activity during root induction followed by a fast decline during rooting initiation as a marker for good rooting responses. Moreover, the use of antioxidants both in induction and in initiation-elongation had no effect on number and length of roots. Chemical names used: polyvinylpyrrolidone-40 (PVP); glutathione reduced (GH); 2-mercaptoethanol (2-Me); diethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt trihydrate (DIECA); N-(phenylmethyl) 1 H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1 H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); gibberellic acid (GA3).

scholarly journals Clonal Propagation and Karyomorphological Study of Solanum torvum Swartz: An Ethnobotanical Species of Tripura, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
H Reshmi Singha ◽  
Sangram Sinha ◽  
Rabindra Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Bud Induction

An efficient method of clonal propagation through nodal culture of Solanum torvum Swartz. is described. Different concentrations of BAP/Kn alone or in combination with IAA were tested for direct shoot bud induction and proliferation. Lower concentration of BAP/Kn alone produced better shoot proliferation and elongation. Maximum number of shoot proliferation was achieved from MS supplemented with Kn 0.5 mg/l with an average 4.0 ± 1.41 shoots during 28 days of culture. Addition of IAA to the culture media in combination with BAP/ Kn significantly reduced the number of shoot formation. Regenerated plants also produced roots during subsequent culture in the same media supplemented with BAP/Kn alone or in combination with IAA. The easy nature of in vitro rooting of S. torvum was recorded without any separate root induction phase. Regenerated plants were successfully transferred to the field condition. Clonal feature was cytologically confirmed through the study of mitotic metaphase chromosomes of regenerated plants which reveals 2n = 24 somatic chromosomes. Comparative karyomorphological details between the mother and regenerated plants of S. torvum revealed close similarity in their chromosomal complements and falls under the category of "1B" Stebbin’s symmetric index suggesting true to type nature of the regenerated plant.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(1): 69-76, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals Micropropagation and Assessment of Genetic Stability of Acclimatized Streptocarpus x hybridus Voss Plantlets Using RAPD Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica HÂRŢA ◽  
Doina CLAPA ◽  
Orsolya BORSAI ◽  
Mihai Călin RUSU ◽  
Cristina KELEMEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Very High

A micropropagation protocol via direct shoot organogenesis from Streptocarpus x hybridus Voss. leaf explants was established in this study. The shoot induction of three Streptocarpus cultivars (‘Snow White’, ‘Black Panther’ and ‘Slumber Song’) was successfully achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.2 mg L-1 -indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 0.2 mg L-1 thidiazuron (TDZ). In proliferation stage, the effects of two combinations of plant growth regulators -PGR- (V1-0.2 mg/L-1 IAA + 0.5 mg/L-1 BAP and V2-1.0 mg L-1 NAA + 0.2 mg L-1 TDZ) on shoot number and length were examined. The results suggest that PGRs combinations significantly influenced shoot proliferation and root induction in all Streptocarpus cultivars. Among the treatments, 0.2 mg L-1 (IAA) in combination with 0.5 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were the most effective for in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting. The in vitro rooting percentage was also determined before subjecting the plantlets to the acclimatization process. Due to acclimatization, Streptocarpus plantlets showed a very high rate of survival (90%). The generated PCR-RAPD profiles for the selected in vitro-raised plants and donor plants were similar which indicates the clonal or true-to-type nature of the progenies.

scholarly journals In Vitro Adventitious Rooting of Carrizo Citrange Microshoots

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 988-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Montoliu ◽  
Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas ◽  
Rosa M. Pérez-Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Carrizo Citrange

The objective of this work was to develop an efficient in vitro rooting protocol for one of the most commercially used citrus rootstocks in Spain, Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.). Single-node cuttings taken from greenhouse-grown plants were cultured in petri dishes containing basal Murashige and Skoog medium. Shoots from nodal stem segments were excised and cultured in a multiplication medium (basal medium supplemented with 1.8 μM 6-benzylaminopurine) to promote the development of axillary buds. Individual shoots (15 mm long) were treated with different hormones at several concentrations for root induction evaluations. The addition of activated charcoal (AC) to the culture medium was also explored. The addition of auxins to the culture medium enhanced rooting percentage. Optimal results were obtained when 1-naphthalene acetic acid (10.8 μM) and gibberellic acid (0.3 μM) were added to the culture medium. The addition of AC to the rooting medium resulted in negative effects on the percentage of rooted shoots but had a positive effect on number of roots per rooted shoot. Chemical names used: activated charcoal (AC); 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); gibberellic acid (GA3); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)

scholarly journals In VitroCulture Conditions andOeARFandOeH3Expressions Modulate Adventitious Root Formation fromOleaster(Olea europaeaL. subsp.europaeavar.sylvestris) Cuttings

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Chiappetta ◽  
Cinzia Gagliardi ◽  
Leonardo Bruno ◽  
Maria Beatrice Bitonti
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Wild Form ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Transcriptional Modulation ◽  
Molecular Aspects

Olea europaeaL. subsp.europaea var.sylvestris, also namedoleaster, is the wild form of olive and it is used as rootstock and pollen donor for many cultivated varieties. An efficient procedure forin vitropropagation of oleaster was established in this study. A zeatin concentration of 2.5 mg/L was effective to induce an appreciable vegetative growth. Also high rooting efficiency was obtained by using a short IBA pulse, followed by two different IBA concentrations in the culture medium. With the aim to enlarge knowledge on the molecular aspects of adventitious rooting, we also evaluated the transcriptional modulation of anARFsmember andHISTONE H3genes, involved in auxin signaling and cell replication, respectively, during the root induction phase of cuttings. The obtained results suggest that the selected genes, as markers of the induction phase, could be very useful for setting up efficient culture conditions along the rooting process, thus increasing micropropagation efficiency.

scholarly journals Practical Factors Controlling in vitro Adventitious Root Formation from Walnut Shoot Microcuttings

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Dolcet-Sanjuan ◽  
Elisabet Claveria ◽  
Robert Gruselle ◽  
Adreas Meier-Dinkel ◽  
Christian Jay-Allemand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Practical Factors ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
New Evidence

Various factors were found to influence the in vitro induction and elongation of adventitious roots from walnut shoot microcuttings. Diverse walnut genotypes (Juglans regia, J. nigra × J. regia hybrids) and selected elite J. regia clones were micropropagated throughout the establishment of in vitro shoot-tip cultures. New evidence is presented here that demonstrates the importance of the genotype and juvenility of the plant material on the in vitro rooting ability. Selection of the best adapted genotypes to multiplication and rooting, and rejuvenation of mature clones through repetitive subcultures or micrografting were examined. Adult J. regia clones were rejuvenated through subsequent subcultures and their rooting was consequently improved. The same results were not accomplished by micrografting on juvenile shoots. A differential response to auxin type and concentration was observed for Juglans regia or J. nigra × J. regia clones. A short prerooting culture in multiplication medium, lowering the sucrose concentration in the root elongation medium and increasing the atmospheric carbon dioxide during the root elongation phase affected the number of shoots forming roots as well as the quality of plantlets and roots.

scholarly journals Post-effects of cytokinins and auxin levels of proliferation media on rooting ability of in vitro apple shoots (Malus domestica Borkh.) 'Red Fuji'

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
J. Dobránszky ◽  
É. Jámbor-Benczúr ◽  
T. Bubán ◽  
J. Lazányi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Rooting Ability ◽  
Hormone Content ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rooting Capacity

Rooting ability of in vitro apple shoots of 'Red Fuji' grown on proliferation media with different hormone content were tested at three IBA levels in root induction media. Rooting percentage could be slightly increased with an increase in IBA concentration in proliferation media. The highest IBA concentration (3.0 mg 1-1) in root induction media showed strong inhibitory effect on rooting capacity of in vitro shoots. The highest rooting percentage (95%) could be achieved by shoots grown on proliferation media containing TOP or BA+KIN as cytokinins before rooting.  

Daunorubicin and Platelet Function

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 038-042 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Pogliani ◽  
R Fantasia ◽  
G Lambertenghi-Deliliers ◽  
E Cofrancesco
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Hemorrhagic Diathesis ◽  
Clot Retraction ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Very High ◽  
Platelet Functions

SummaryThe influence of Daunorubicin on some platelet functions in vitro was investigated, using different concentrations of the drug (0.01-0.02-0.04 μg/ml). Daunorubicin was shown to inhibit Collagen and Thrombin induced platelet aggregation and the intensity of inhibition depended on both drug concentration and the time of preincubation.Daunorubicin was also shown to inhibit the release reaction, the platelet prostaglandin pathway and the availability platelet factor 3; the drug at concentrations for clinical use does not damage the platelet membrane, as is the case with the freezing and thawing test, in platelet uptake of 14C-serotonin and as confirmed by the electron microscope. When very high doses (0.16 mg) of Daunorubicin are used, lysis of the platelets can be observed and this is confirmed under the electron microscope by the presence of empty platelets with fractures at the level of the cytoplasmic membrane.Finally, Daunorubicin causes irreversible inhibition of reptilase clot-retraction, even if this is less severe than with Vincristine. Working with gel-filtered platelets, it would appear that the inhibition exercised by the drug on platelet reactions is not caused through modifications in Ca++ metabolism.The authors suggest that Daunorubicin, at the dosages used clinically, induces in vitro thrombocytopathy without damaging the cellular membrane as confirmed by the electron microscope.This impairment of platelet functions could play a part in hemorrhagic diathesis observed during Daunorubicin therapy.

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