scholarly journals Flower constancy of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) to blooming pear plantations

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Benedek ◽  
J. Ruff ◽  
Cs. Nagy ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Flower Constancy ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Pear Trees

Studies were made on the composition of pollen loads of honeybees captured at the flowers of blooming pear trees in pear plantations. Also the foraging behaviour of honeybees was observed. Overwhelming majority of honeybees visiting the flowers of 13 pear cultivars in 1996 were pollen gatherers (95.6 per cent). Proportion of pure nectar gatherers was as low as some 3.7 per cent and no more than 0.7 per cent performed mixed behaviour. The analysis of pollen loads of bees collected at pear flowers in blooming pear plantations showed that fidelity was as high as 89-90 per cent towards pear, higher than for another fruit species in other studies. Even those plant species that are regarded to be strong competitors of blooming fruit trees in the literature (Taraxacum officinale, Stellaria media, Lamium purpureum) were scarcely represented in the loads. Accordingly, honeybees can be much more important and more effective pollinating agents of pear cultivars than generally believed.  

scholarly journals Botanical profile of bee pollen from the southern coastal region of Bahia, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 862-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos da Costa Dórea ◽  
Jaílson Santos de Novais ◽  
Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Sources ◽  
Forest Biome

This paper aims to identify the botanical origin of pollen loads collected by Apis mellifera L. in Canavieiras municipality, Bahia state. It provides a list of polliniferous plant species from the Atlantic Forest biome that are important for the development of regional apiculture. Using the acetolysis method, 35 bee-pollen samples were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results showed that pollen types Elaeis (23.99%), Mimosa pudica (22.78%) and Cecropia (13.68%) were the most abundant among the samples. These also showed the highest relative frequencies of the material studied and were important pollen sources for bees in the study area.

scholarly journals Identification of plant genetic resources affected by shrimp farming in the southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
MB Ahmed ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
MM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Fruit Species

The main purpose of the study was to identify the plant genetic resources (PGRs) affected by shrimp farming and to determine their magnitude of vulnerability. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 respondents, through personal interview, using an interview schedule, at Dumuria upazila of Khulna district, during 16 November 2009 to 15 February 2010. The fruit PGRs were more affected by shrimp farming than that of timber yielding and other types of PGRs. Among the 18-fruit PGRs available, all were endangered, except indigenous velvet apple, Diospyros peregrine (Gaertn.) Gürke, which was in threatened condition. Among the fruit species, banana, Musa acuminate; guava, Psidium guajava L.; jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.; sapota, Manilkara zapota L. and betel nut, Areca catechu L. were in highly endangered. Among the 17-timber yielding and other plant species, only 7-PGRs were affected by shrimp farming while majority (10-PGRs) had been available in different extents. Among the vulnerable PGRs, bamboo, Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss; flame of the forest, Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook.) Raf.; teak, Tectona grandis L.f. and banyan, Ficus benghalensis L. were endangered, while Indian ash tree, Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr.; ipil-ipil, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit and cool mat, Schumannianthus dichotomus (Roxb.) Gagnep. were in threatened condition. In general, the total fruit trees decreased in numbers (-74.17%) after inception of shrimp farming. On the other hand, the total numbers of timber yielding plants increased by 15.45%. From the overall consideration (irrespective of types), the number of plant population decreased (-58.10%) after inception of shrimp farming. It means that the plant species were affected by shrimp farming and became endangered. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 18-26, Dec 2021

scholarly journals Adaptive foraging behaviour of individual pollinators and the coexistence of co-flowering plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1776) ◽  
pp. 20132437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Song ◽  
Marcus W. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Flower Constancy ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adaptive Foraging

Although pollinators can play a central role in determining the structure and stability of plant communities, little is known about how their adaptive foraging behaviours at the individual level, e.g. flower constancy, structure these interactions. Here, we construct a mathematical model that integrates individual adaptive foraging behaviour and population dynamics of a community consisting of two plant species and a pollinator species. We find that adaptive foraging at the individual level, as a complementary mechanism to adaptive foraging at the species level, can further enhance the coexistence of plant species through niche partitioning between conspecific pollinators. The stabilizing effect is stronger than that of unbiased generalists when there is also strong competition between plant species over other resources, but less so than that of multiple specialist species. This suggests that adaptive foraging in mutualistic interactions can have a very different impact on the plant community structure from that in predator–prey interactions. In addition, the adaptive behaviour of individual pollinators may cause a sharp regime shift for invading plant species. These results indicate the importance of integrating individual adaptive behaviour and population dynamics for the conservation of native plant communities.

scholarly journals Pollen harvest features of the Central Amazonian bee Scaptotrigona fulvicutis Moure 1964 (Apidae: Meliponinae), in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Marques-Souza ◽  
Maria Lúcia Absy ◽  
Warwick Estevam Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Large Groups

Over a twelve-month period, pollen loads transported by Scaptotrigona fulvicutis Moure 1964 were collected from the workers corbiculae right after the hive entrance closure in an area of old secondary forest mixed with some exotic fruit trees and ornamentals. Once the pollen grains were identified, their monthly frequency in the samples and grouping by botanical family established that Mimosaceae, Myrtaceae and Sapindaceae were the most frequently visited. The workers harvested the pollen from 97 plant species distributed in 73 genera and 36 families, mostly: Stryphnodendron guianense (Aubl.) Benth. in April (57,37%) and Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Frodin in May (54,73%). The harvested pollen types abundance matrix showed that there was little species dissimilarity between the months, which resulted in the formation of two large groups.

FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF HONEY BEES (APIS MELLIFERA L.) ON STAGHORN SUMAC [RHUS HIRTA SUDWORTH (EX-TYPHINA L.)]: DIFFERENCES AND DIOECY

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Greco ◽  
Dean Holland ◽  
Peter G. Kevan
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pollination Success ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Foraging Pattern

AbstractThe foraging behaviour of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) on inflorescences of staghorn sumac [Rhus hirta Sudworth (ex-typhina L.)] was studied using a “choice table” placed in natural stands of this plant. The choice table consisted of a wooden grid with alternated male and female inflorescences of sumac. Honey bee activity was recorded also on inflorescences of naturally growing plants in which the secretion of nectar was measured and the anther dehiscence recorded. Honey bees were the only common pollinators observed on sumac in the study area. During the morning, both plant sexes secreted little nectar, and pollen was available after the dehiscence of the anthers which took place between 1000 and 1100 hours. Female inflorescences secreted great amounts of nectar during the afternoon, but in male inflorescences there was little secretion. Honey bees seemed to forage according to the circadian availability of resources. Most of their activity concentrated on male inflorescences in the morning and on female ones during the afternoon. Both the occurrence of bees with pollen loads in their corbiculae and the length of the visits to each sex also seemed to be in accordance to the kind of resource exploited at particular times of the day. Most of the bees with pollen loads were observed during the morning and the longest visits to any inflorescences were registered on female ones during the afternoon (by bees foraging for nectar). Despite our results suggesting that the pollination success of staghorn sumac would be impaired by the foraging pattern of honey bees, an explanation is proposed for its reproductive success.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an Eco-Friendly Bloom Thinning Formulation on Mango Trees and Its Olfactory Effect on an Insect Pollinator, Apis mellifera

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Tae-Kwon Son ◽  
Md Munir Mostafiz ◽  
Hwal-Su Hwang ◽  
Nguyen Truong Thạnh ◽  
Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Olfactory Behavior ◽  
Insect Pollinator

In various orchard fruit trees, thinning of blossoms and fruits is important to increase fruit size and quality and to promote a new bloom in the following season. Several chemical thinning agents are currently commercially available, but they are inconsistent and produce side effects in crop plants and insect pollinators. Because of environmental concerns, developing alternative eco-friendly bloom thinning agents is necessary. We developed an eco-friendly bloom thinning formulation (BTF) using minerals and extracts of various medicinal plants. Our BTF spray (0.1%, <i>w/v</i>) decreased the number of fruits per tree (46.5%) and fruit yield per tree (81.5%) but increased the fruit weight (196.8%) compared with the control treatment; the spray induced a small number of larger mango fruits in the treated trees. We also investigated the effect of BTF on the olfactory behavior of <i>Apis mellifera</i> L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae), a major insect pollinator. We analyzed the behavioral changes of adult workers at two different concentrations (0.1% and 1%) of nine different BTF spray components using a Y-tube olfactometer. The behavioral responses of honey bees to nine BTF components showed significant differences. However, honey bees showed no clear attraction or repellent behavior towards the tested BTF components. Our results suggest that the newly developed eco-friendly BTF is practically applicable in mango orchards without interrupting honey bee behavior.

scholarly journals Lichens of fruit trees in the selected locations in Podlaskie Voivodeship [North-Eastern Poland]

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matwiejuk
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Ramalina Farinacea

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the diversity of the lichen species on fruit trees (Malus sp., Pyrus sp., Prunus sp. and Cerasus sp.) growing in orchards in selected villages and towns in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Fifty-six species of lichens were found. These were dominated by common lichens found on the bark of trees growing in built-up areas with prevailing heliophilous and nitrophilous species of the genera Physcia and Phaeophyscia. A richer lichen biota is characteristic of apple trees (52 species) and pear trees (36). Lichens of the apple trees constitute 78% of the biota of this phorophyte growing in the fruit orchards in Poland. Of the recorded species, only two (Ramalina farinacea, Usnea hirta) are covered by partial protection in Poland.

scholarly journals Free amino acids in the xylem sap of pear trees during dormancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Carlos Marafon ◽  
Flavio Gilberto Herter ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Adriana Neutzling Bierhals
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Effective Use

ABSTRACT: Storage and remobilization are considered key processes for the effective use of nitrogen in temperate fruit trees. As dormancy begins, storage proteins are synthesized, coinciding with a reduction in the levels of free amino acids. Consequently, as dormancy breaks, these storage proteins are degraded, and an increase in the concentrations of amino acids occurs, in order to support new growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate water content of different vegetative tissues (buds, bark, and bole wood), volume of xylem sap, and free amino acid concentrations of xylem sap, during winter dormancy of Hosui Japanese pear trees (VL). Plant material was obtained from the Embrapa Temperate Climate experimental orchard at Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Xylem sap was extracted from the branches with the aid of a vacuum pump, and the free amino acids were determined by gas chromatography, using the EZ kit: Faast GC/FID (Phenomenex). Water content of buds, as well as the volume of sap and concentrations of both aspartic acid and asparagine, substantially increased over time, reaching maximum values in the phase preceding sprouting.

scholarly journals Plants and pollinating bees in Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo ◽  
Adriano Ernesto de Toledo Fritzen ◽  
Carolina Antunes Neves ◽  
Maria Claudia Colla Ruvolo-Takasusuki ◽  
Silvia Helena Sofia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tetragonisca Angustula ◽  
Frequent Visitor ◽  
Ocimum Americanum

The present study was carried out to survey the bees as visitors to melliferous flora in the region of Maringá, state of Paraná, Brazil. A total of 331 insects were captured, and the fauna comprised 39.88% Trigona spinipes, 38.37% Apis mellifera, 8.16% Tetragonisca angustula, 3.93% Halictidae, 1.21% Megachilidae, 2.42% Anthophoridae, and 3.32% other Hymenoptera. Eleven plant species from nine families were observed. The four families most frequently visited by A. mellifera were Pontederiaceae (93.53%), Sterculiaceae and Polygoniaceae (47.22%), Apocynaceae and Apiaceae (42.86%). The families most visited by T. spinipes were Lamiaceae (64.70%), Apocynaceae (57.14%), Sterculiaceae (51.85%) and Anacardiaceae (48.39%), and the families most visited by T. angustula were (28.57%), Asteraceae (22.22%) and Labiatae (16.47%). Three species predominated in number of bee visits Dombeya wallichii (32.63%), Ocimum americanum (15.5%) and Antigonon leptopus (15.2%). T. angustula was the most frequent visitor of O. gratissimum flowers (60.87%).

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