scholarly journals Study on the time of emergence of the first generation of raspberry cane midge (Resseliella theobaldi BARNES)

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sipos ◽  
B. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Resseliella Theobaldi ◽  
Major Pest

The raspberry cane midge (Resseliella rheohaldi BARNES) is a major pest of raspberry in Europe. The accurate prediction of adult midge emergence is an important part of integrated raspberry protection. Calculation of the accumulated effective temperature may be used in prediction. The values of the critical accumulated effective temperature needed for the first flight of the midge differ in the European regions. In our experiments we investigated the first generation of the midge in Hungary. Our results show that the critical accumulated effective temperature for the first flight was the lowest compared with results received in other European countries. The emergence of males of the first generation was found at 145-194 day °C, and females started laying eggs a few days later.

Comparison of Reliability in Seventeen European Countries Using the Quasi-Simplex Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 383-404
Author(s):  
Johana Chylíková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Simplex Model

The aim of this chapter is to illustrate the application of the quasi-simplex model (QSM) for reliability estimation in longitudinal data and to employ it to obtain information about the reliability of the European Union—Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data collected between 2012 and 2017. Reliability of two survey questions is analysed: one which asks respondents about the financial situation in their households, and one which requests information about respondents’ health. Employing the QSM on the two items resulted in 80 reliability estimates from 17 and 11 European countries, respectively. Results revealed statistically significant differences in reliability between post-communist Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and the rest of Europe, and similar patterns of the size of reliability estimates were observed for both items. The highest reliability (i.e. reliability over 0.8) was observed in CEE countries such as Bulgaria, Romania, Czechia, Poland, and Hungary. The lowest reliability (i.e. reliability lower than 0.7) was observed for data from Sweden, Slovenia, Norway, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Italy, and the Netherlands. The remarkable variation in longitudinal reliability across culturally and historically different European regions is discussed both from substantive and methodological perspectives.

What do physicians think of telemedicine? A survey in different European regions

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mairinger ◽  
C Gabl ◽  
P Derwan ◽  
O Ferrer-Roca ◽  
G Mikuz
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Strong Interest ◽  
General Aspects

To discover the perception of telemedicine in a sample of physicians not yet participating in telemedicine networks, a questionnaire was sent to doctors in different European countries. The questions covered various general aspects of telemedicine. The percentage of questionnaires returned ranged from 12 Central Europe to 27 Spain . Apart from the rather disappointing response rates the results document a strong interest in telemedicine on the part of the physicians surveyed. Knowledge of the existence of telemedicine was high. Most of the respondents would have liked to have had their clinic's telemedicine system in their own laboratory. More than 50 of the physicians thought that their work would be improved by using telemedicine. Respondents from Central Europe were significantly less enthusiastic about telemedicine than those from other regions. However, the answers to the majority of the questions were similar in the different groups.

Are antihistamines effective in children? A review of the evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline De Bruyne ◽  
Thierry Christiaens ◽  
Koen Boussery ◽  
Els Mehuys ◽  
Myriam Van Winckel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Off Label

Background and aimsDuring the last decades, much attention has been paid to off-label and unlicensed prescriptions in paediatrics. However, on-label prescribing can also cause health issues. In this paper, the case of first-generation H1-antihistamines is investigated, notably the range of indications for which products are licensed in different European countries and the evidence base (or lack thereof) for each indication, as well as reported adverse drug reactions.MethodsReview of the Summary of Product Characteristics of first-generation H1-antihistamines with a focus on paediatric use. This is plotted against the evidence available in the literature.ResultsThis investigation shows a large variability in labelled indications and licensing ages when compared in five different European countries. Moreover, most of the indications are not based on clinical trials evaluating efficacy and safety of these drugs in children.ConclusionsMany of the licensed indications of first-generation antihistamines do not appear to be evidence based.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON TOXICITY OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS TO THE OBLIQUEBANDED LEAFROLLER (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Y. Li ◽  
S.M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
M.B. Isman
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Fraser Valley ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In recent years, the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), has become a major pest of raspberries in the Fraser Valley, British Columbia (Anonymous 1994). Overwintering C. rosaceana larvae begin feeding on raspberry leaf buds in early April. Heavy infestation causes serious damage to raspberry plants. Larvae of the first generation hatch in late June to early July, and feed on growth terminals and berries. The occurrence of this generation usually coincides with berry harvesting time. Because the larvae are shaken from the plants by the harvesting machine, C. rosaceana can be a major contaminant of machine-harvested berries.

Rabbinic Literature in the Middle Ages 1000–1492

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Ta-Shma
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Rabbinic Literature ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Legal Decisions ◽  
The Middle Ages

This article deals with rabbinic literature, considering what rabbis wrote in the context of performing their rabbinic functions: halachic literature in all its aspects — talmudic commentary, books of legal decisions, responsa, halachic monographs, works on prayer and liturgy, the holidays, and customs. The corpus of medieval rabbinic texts, which is today witnessing a renaissance, constitutes the basis of what is called mishpat ivri (Jewish law). It is possible to describe this literature according to four different categories: geography, chronology, content, and literary genre. The description here is related to content and literary genre, while taking note of geographical and chronological divisions. The books were mostly from European countries — Germany, France, Spain, Italy, and Provence. Rabbinic literature began to be produced in all the European regions more or less at the beginning of the eleventh century.

The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening activity among adolescents from 28 European countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110313
Author(s):  
Jason A. Bennie ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Jordan J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
European Health ◽  
European Health Interview Survey ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Aims: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and socio-demographic and lifestyle-related correlates of muscle-strengthening activity (MSA; strength/resistance training, sit-ups/push-ups, etc.) among a large sample of European adolescents. Methods: Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013–2014), including 8818 adolescents (15–17 years) from 28 European countries. Self-reported MSA was assessed using a previously validated survey item. Population-weighted prevalence ratios were calculated for (a) ‘none’ (0 days/week), (b) ‘insufficient MSA’ (1–2 days/week) or (c) ‘sufficient MSA’ (⩾3 days/week). Generalised linear models using Poisson regression with robust error variance were used to calculate the prevalence ratios for adolescents reporting sufficient MSA by socio-demographic/lifestyle characteristics and by European region. Results: Overall, 19.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.3–20.7) reported sufficient (⩾3 days/week) MSA and 57.9% (95% CI 56.4–59.6) reported none. Females, adolescents from Southern and Eastern European regions, those not meeting the aerobic guideline and adolescents classified as overweight were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting sufficient MSA, independent of other characteristics. Conclusions: The majority of European adolescents do not meet the MSA guidelines. Future large-scale MSA public-health interventions should target female and currently inactive adolescents, as well as those from Southern and Eastern European regions.

scholarly journals Predicting the Development Trend of the Second Wave of COVID-19 in Five European Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuobing Chen ◽  
Jiali Lei ◽  
Mengyuan Li ◽  
Tianfang Zhang ◽  
Xiaosheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
New Models ◽  
The Development Trend ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background: Because the COVID-19 pandemic has made comprehensive and profound impacts on the world, an accurate prediction of its development trend is significant. In particular, the second wave of COVID-19 is rampant to cause a dramatic increase in COVID-19 cases and deaths globally. Methods: Using the Eureqa algorithm, we predicted the development trend of the second wave of COVID-19 in five European countries, including France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK. We first built models to predict daily numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths based on the data of the first wave of COVID-19 in these countries. Based on these models, we built new models to predict the development trend of the second wave of COVID-19. Results: We predicted that the second wave of COVID-19 would have peaked around on November 16, 2020, January 10, 2021, December 1, 2020, March 1, 2021, and January 10, 2021 in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK, respectively. It will be basically under control on April 26, 2021, September 20, 2021, August 1, 2021, September 15, 2021, August 10, 2021 in these countries, respectively. Their total number of COVID-19 cases will reach around 4,745,000, 7,890,000, 6,852,000, 8,071,000, and 10,198,000, respectively, and total number of COVID-19 deaths will be around 262,000, 262,000, 231,000, 253,000, and 350,000 during the second wave of COVID-19. The COVID-19 mortality rate in the second wave of COVID-19 is expected to be about 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.4%, 3.4%, and 3.1% in France, Spain, Germany, France, and UK, respectively. Conclusions: the second wave of COVID-19 is expected to cause many more cases and deaths, last for much longer time, and have lower COVID-19 mortality rate than the first wave.

scholarly journals The Landscape of Mucopolysaccharidosis in Southern and Eastern European Countries: A Survey from 19 Specialistic Centers.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tylki-Szymańska ◽  
Zsuzsanna Almássy ◽  
Violetta Christophidou Anastasiadou ◽  
Daniela Avdjieva-Tzavella ◽  
Ingeborg Barisic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
European Guidelines ◽  
Mps Iva ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Abstract Background: Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by defects in genes coding for different lysosomal enzymes which degrade glycosaminoglycans. Impaired lysosomal degradation causes cell dysfunction leading to progressive multiorgan involvement, disabling consequences and poor life expectancy. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is now available for most MPS types, offering beneficial effects on disease progression and improving quality of life of patients. The landscape of MPS in Europe is not completely described and studies on availability of treatment show that ERT is not adequately implemented, particularly in Southern and Eastern Europe. In this study we performed a survey analysis in main specialist centers in Southern and Eastern European countries, to outline the landscape of disease management in the region and understand ERT implementation, with particular reference to MPS IVA.Results: 19 experts from 14 Southern and Eastern European countries in total responded to the survey. Results outlined a picture of MPS management in the region, with a high number of MPS patients managed in the centers and a high level of care. MPS II was the most prevalent followed by MPS IVA, with a particular high number of adult patients. The study particularly focused on management and treatment of MPS IVA patients. Adherence to current European Guidelines for follow-up of MPS IVA patients is generally adequate, although some important assessments are reported as difficult due to the lack of MPS skilled specialists. Availability of ERT in Southern and Eastern European countries is generally in line with other European regions, even though regulatory, organizational and reimbursement constrains are demanding. Conclusions: The landscape of MPS in Southern and Eastern European countries is generally comparable to that of other European regions on the epidemiology, treatment accessibility and follow up difficulties. However, issues limiting ERT availability and reimbursement should be simplified, to start treatment as early as possible and make it available for more patients. Besides, educational programs dedicated to specialists should be implemented, particularly for pediatricians, clinical geneticists, surgeons, anesthesiologists and neurologists.

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