scholarly journals The microscopic fungi of orchid species in the Őrség National Park

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jandrasits ◽  
G. Fischl
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
National Park ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Epipactis Helleborine

The wild orchids growing in Hungary are some of the most decorative and interesting members of the country's flora. The majority of species are rarely spotted, and some are only found in very few habitats, though others are quite common .All the species known in Hungary are protected, and 1 1 species are strictly protected. Itis thus important to monitor the health status of these plants, to determine what diseases affect them, what pathogens are found on them and how severely they are infected, and to take the necessary precautionary measures. Eleven of the 14 orchid species occurring in the 6rseg National Park were included in the study and the presence of microscopic fungi was detected on eight of these. Pathogenic species were found on lesser butterfly orchid (Platanthera bifolia), green-winged orchid (Orchis morio), burnt orchid (Orchis ustulara), sword-leaved helleborine (Cephalanthera longifolia), common twayblade (Listera ovata), autumn lady's-tresses (Spiranthes spiralis), western marsh orchid (Dacrylorhiza majalis) and broad-leaved helleborine (Epipactis helleborine). A detailed account is given of the symptoms of major diseases and of the microscopic traits of the pathogens. An attempt was made to determine to what extent the pathogenic fungal species found on protected orchid species influence the lives of these plants. Current knowledge on this subject is extremely deficient, as practically no data are available from Hungary.

scholarly journals Microscopic fungi on Schoenoplectus lacustris in Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (northwest Poland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz ◽  
Aleksandra Rybińska ◽  
Łukasz Łopusiewicz
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Cladosporium Herbarum ◽  
Obligate Parasites ◽  
Schoenoplectus Lacustris

In the period 2009–2011, the micromycetes causing symptoms on the leaves of <em>Schoenoplectus lacustris</em> (SL) from Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (DNP) were investigated. A total of 39 taxa of microscopic fungi and chromistan fungi were found. The taxonomic structure of the mycobiota was dominated by anamorphs of Ascomycota. In each year of the study, the SL fungal species richness was higher in Płociowe Lake than in Płociczno Lake. In all the years of study in both lakes, the fungal community on SL was composed of the following six dominant species: <em>Alternaria alternata</em>, <em>Cladosporium herbarum</em>, <em>Fusarium incarnatum</em>, <em>F. sacchari</em>, <em>Gibberella avenacea</em>, and <em>Pleospora scirpicola</em>. The species occurring exclusively in Płociczno Lake were <em>Papulaspora immersa</em>, <em>Puccinia scirpi</em>, and <em>Trichothecium roseum</em>, and those found only in Płociowe Lake were <em>Acremoniella atra</em>, <em>Alternaria atra</em>, <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, <em>A. versicolor</em>, <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>, <em>Gonatobotrys simplex</em>, <em>Massariosphaeria scirpina</em>, <em>Microascus brevicaulis</em>, <em>Penicillium chrysogenum</em>, and <em>Stagonospora aquatica</em>. Only one confirmation of the occurrence of <em>Puccinia scirpi</em> and the lack of other specialized obligate parasites indicate the good health of SL in DNP. The facultative parasites, inter alia, <em>Boeremia exigua</em>, <em>Chaetomium globosum</em>, <em>Fusarium culmorum</em>, <em>F. incarnatum</em>, <em>F. sacchari</em>, <em>Gibberella avenacea</em>, and <em>Stagonospora aquatica</em> that are present on plants as part of the natural process of apoptosis may influence the health of SL.

scholarly journals The Prenatal Microbiome: A New Player for Human Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria D’Argenio
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Technological Advances

The last few years have featured an increasing interest in the study of the human microbiome and its correlations with health status. Indeed, technological advances have allowed the study of microbial communities to reach a previously unthinkable sensitivity, showing the presence of microbes also in environments usually considered as sterile. In this scenario, microbial communities have been described in the amniotic fluid, the umbilical blood cord, and the placenta, denying a dogma of reproductive medicine that considers the uterus like a sterile womb. This prenatal microbiome may play a role not only in fetal development but also in the predisposition to diseases that may develop later in life, and also in adulthood. Thus, the aim of this review is to report the current knowledge regarding the prenatal microbiome composition, its association with pathological processes, and the future perspectives regarding its manipulation for healthy status promotion and maintenance.

scholarly journals 3D Photogrammetry Modeling Highlights Efficient Reserve Effect Apparition After 5 Years and Stillness After 40 for Red Coral (Corallium rubrum) Conservation in French MPAs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Richaume ◽  
Adrien Cheminée ◽  
Pierre Drap ◽  
Patrick Bonhomme ◽  
Frederic Cadene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Corallium Rubrum ◽  
Red Coral ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Precautionary Measures

Imaging the marine environment is more and more useful to understand relationships between species, as well as natural processes. Developing photogrammetry allowed the use of 3D measuring to study populations dynamics of sessile organisms at various scales: from colony to population. This study focuses on red coral (Corallium rubrum), as known as precious coral. Metrics measured at a colony scale (e.g., maximum height, diameter and number of branches) allowed population understanding and a comparison between an old (Cerbère-Banyuls reserve) vs. a new (Calanques National Park) MPA. Our results suggested a 5-year time step allows the appearance of a significant difference between populations inside vs. outside the Calanques National Park no-take zones. Red coral colonies were taller and had more branches inside no-take zones. A significant difference was still observable for the populations inside the Cerbère-Banyuls reserve after 40 years of protection, reflecting the sustainability and effectiveness of precautionary measures set by the reserve. The impacts at the local level (mechanical destruction) and those presumed to occur via global change (climatic variations) underline the need to develop strategies both to follow the evolutions of red coral populations but also to understand their resilience. Photogrammetry induced modeling is a time and cost effective as well as non-invasive method which could be used to understand population dynamics at a seascape scale on coralligenous reefs.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Epiphytic Wild Orchids in Mallawa Resort Area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
St. Fatmah Hiola ◽  
Gufran D Dirawan ◽  
Muhammad Wiharto Caronge
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
National Park ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
South Sulawesi

This research aims to report the diversity of epiphytic wild orchids in Mallawa Resort area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (BBNP), South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Exploration methods were used in this study to search and record epiphyticwild orchids in this area. The technique of data collection comprised taking pictures with a digital camera for documentation and collecting specimens of wild orchids that were unidentified at the site. The identification of orchid species was conducted by matching the morphology and characterization of epiphytic wild orchids with appropriate photographs showing details to enable identification. The results of the study showed that there were 36 species of epiphytic wild orchids to be found in the study area. The identification to species level included 10 species, there were 17 specimens that were identified to genus level, and seven specimens remained unidentified. Sympodial type orchids dominated the suite of native orchids, with 23 species.Keyword: epiphytes, Mallawa Resort, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, wild orchids

scholarly journals Analysis of the vitality of the Agathis dammara tree at Situ Gunung Resort, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
I R Maulana ◽  
Rahmat Safe’i ◽  
Siti Fauzia Rochmah
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
National Park ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Crown Condition ◽  
Tree Damage ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
A Value ◽  
Crown Density ◽  
Lower Stem

Abstract Vitality is the vigor value of the trees in responding to environmental conditions. Determined vitality value was by calculating tree damage and crown condition. The Agathis dammara tree is a native Indonesian plant in the Situ Gunung Resort, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (TNGGP). This study aims to determine the vitality and value of the health status of Agathis dammara trees at Situ Gunung Resort, TNGGP. The research location is in the utilization zone at the Situ Gunung Resort, TNGGP, covering an area of 700 haBuilt observation plots based on the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) cluster plot design as many as nine cluster plots. They have calculated tree damage based on the location where found the damage was in the FHM method. Calculated condition canopy based on five parameters visual crown. Assessment of tree health status uses a forest health assessment information system. The results showed that the location where found the most damage was at the root and lower stem (code 2) as many as 67 trees, dominated by liana damage (code 20) as many as 43 trees, with an average damage level of 35%. The live crown ratio 20-35%, crown density 25-50%, foliage transparency 50-70%, crown diameter 2.5-10 m, and dieback 0-5%. The value of the health status of the Agathis dammara tree has a value of 1.69-2.44. Thus, these conditions illustrate that the vitality and value of the health status of Agathis dammara trees at Situ Gunung Resort, TNGGP are in the medium criteria and category.

Research on the Hungarian Bronze Age since 1936 and the Bronze-Age Settlement at Békés-Várdomb

1956 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 123-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Banner
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
At Home

The state of current knowledge on the Bronze Age in Hungary, was summed up twenty years ago by Dr Francis Tompa, who had by then written several shorter studies on the subject, and had excavated a number of cemeteries and settlements. His summary defined the modern approach to the Bronze Age in Hungary though his conclusions have since been modified in detail by later explorers. How fruitful his work proved to be was shown by the interest of critics abroad and by the fact that research at home took a sudden upward swing.A few years later Dr Paul Patay published a study in which he came to somewhat different conclusions on the chronology of the Early Bronze Age; he also gave a detailed account of the various cultures that must have shaped the course of the Bronze Age in Hungary and in this he was substantially in agreement with Dr Francis Tompa.Dr Amelia Mozsolics dealt with chronological problems of the Bronze Age in Hungary, but had not yet reached satisfactory newer conclusions. Her paper was published only in Hungarian. She presented a useful summary of the history of her subject, and at the same time sharply criticized the views held by foreign and Hungarian experts on the Bronze Age.

Species richness and abundance of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete sporocarps on a moisture gradient in the Tsuga heterophylla zone

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1699-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E O'Dell ◽  
Joseph F Ammirati ◽  
Edward G Schreiner
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
National Park ◽  
Environmental Gradient ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Olympic National Park ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

Sporocarps of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi and vegetation data were collected from eight Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. - Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco stands along a wet to dry gradient in Olympic National Park, Washington, U.S.A. One hundred and fifty species of ectomycorrhizal fungi were collected from a total sample area of 2.08 ha. Over 2 years, fungal species richness ranged from 19 to 67 taxa per stand. Sporocarp standing crop ranged from 0 to 3.8 kg/ha, averaging 0.58 kg/ha, 0.06 kg/ha in spring and 0.97 kg/ha in fall. Sporocarp standing crop and fungal species richness were correlated with precipitation. These results demonstrated that ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp abundance and species richness can be partly explained in terms of an environmental gradient.

scholarly journals Taxonomy and Ecology of Ectomycorrhizal Macrofungi of Grand Teton National Park

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Kent McKnight
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
University Of Washington ◽  
Grand Teton National Park

The 6 weeks field studies during the summer of 1987 relate to that part of the previously stated objectives (e.g. McKnight, Harper, & McKnight, 1986) concerned with the inventory of fungal species in the Wyoming national parks, particularly Grand Teton National Park. With the return of Dr. Meinhard Moser, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, we intended to concentrate on the Hymenomycete genus Cortinarius. The range of species studied was broadened significantly by the shorter visits of two additional collaborators, Dr. Harry Thiers, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, and Dr. Joe Ammirati, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

scholarly journals Health Problems of Slum Dwelling Women: An Empirical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
M Kulasekhar ◽  
K Dasaratharamaih
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Urban India ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Slum Population

The slum dwellers are generally suffering from various diseases with a high rate comparatively non-slum population in urban India. The women living in slum areas are mainly suffering from seasonal viral fevers, cough and cold, asthma, and other infectious diseases. The study shows that 39 % of slum women have poor health status. The reasons for poor health among slum women are malnutrition, unhygienic condition, lack of precautionary measures, and bad habits among them. About 37% of SC women, 30% each of ST and BC slum women, and 20% of OC women are frequently falling sick with various diseases. It is observed that 31% of the slum-dwelling women are getting treatment from RMP doctors, followed by 30% of slum women from private allopathy doctors, and only 18% of slum women are visiting Govt. hospital for their medical treatment. Only 29% of slum women are regularly visiting hospitals for their medical checkups. A majority of 62% of slum women have a habit of consuming alcohol and tobacco-related products, and out of them, 79% of women are facing health problems due to a habit of consuming alcohol and tobacco.

scholarly journals Disease symptoms and fungi occurring on overground organs of Quercus petraea

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Krystyna Przybył
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Mixed Forests ◽  
Disease Symptoms

The observatins of <i>Quercus petraea</i> trees growing in mixed forests of Wielkopolska National Park and Wolin National Park were carried out in 1994 and 1995. The fungi were isolated from dead sections of twigs and branches and from trunks exhibiting necrosis in secondary bark and discolorations of sapwood. Thirty one fungal species were identified on the organs studied. They belonged to saprophytes and to the group of fungi secondarily colonizing tissues of weakened trees.

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