scholarly journals Incompatibility studies of Hungarian sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars by traditional test crossings

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. Békefi
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Gene System ◽  
S Gene ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Prunus Avium L

Cross-incompatibility is a common phenomenon between various sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars. Traditionally, choosing cross-compatible cultivar pairs is based on test crossings in the field. There is a lack of information about fertility relations of novel Hungarian sweet cherry cultivars and selections. We have studied cross-incompatibility in 42 sweet cherry cultivar pairs by test-crossings in the field. Out of those, 3 combinations showed incompatibility and 15 pairs were compatible. Test-crossing results proved that with the knowledge of S-allele constitution of Hungarian cultivars incompatible cultivar pairs are recognised in practice reliably. However, we assume that in sterility not only the S-gene system, but other factors (e.g. abnormal development of pollen or flower) also occur, therefore, their examination would be needed.

scholarly journals Field evaluations of 14 sweet cherry cultivars as pollinators for cv. Regina (Prunus avium, L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thurzó ◽  
M. Grandi ◽  
L. Lagezza ◽  
S. Lugli ◽  
I. J. Holb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Allele Group ◽  
Sufficient Degree ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Prunus Avium L

In this study, the pollen of 14 sweet cherry cultivars (‘Anella’, ‘Duroni 3', 'Badacsony', 'Cristalina', 'Ferbolus', 'Ferrovia', 'Georgia', 'Hudson', 'Kordia', 'Sam', 'Schneiders’, ‘Spate’, ‘Knorpelkirsche', 'Skeena', 'Summit', 'Sylvia') was used to fertilize the emasculated flowers of sweet cherry cv. 'Regina'. Fruit set was assessed three times during fruit development: 14 May, 30 May and 27 May 2007. We observed full incompatibility among the 14 cultivars for cv. 'Cristalina', which is in the same S-allele group as cv. 'Regina'. After analysis of our data, we have results about fertilization efficiency of the cultivars. Most of the evaluated cultivars are inadequate to fertilize cv. 'Regina' to a sufficient degree. There were two exceptions, cv. 'Sam' and cv. 'Skeena', where percentage of ripened fruits was above 20%. These two cultivars can guarantee such a pollination, which ensures ample quantity of ripened fruits. Results of this study have proved three other cultivars to be quite good pollinators for cv. 'Regina'. In conclusion, ideal pollinators for cv. 'Regina' could be — apart from above-mentioned two cultivars, 'Sam' and 'Skeena' — cvs. 'Sylvia' and 'Bianca', which was suggested by more literature sources.

Development of tensile strength in compatible and incompatible sweet cherry graftings

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarne Hjelmsted Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Cherry Rootstocks ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Prunus Avium L

The tensile strengths of graftings between three selected sweet cherry cultivars and five selected cherry rootstocks were determined with an Instron instrument 6, 12, and 18 weeks after grafting and compared with the tensile strength of self-grafted rootstocks and graftings of rootstocks used as scions. The combination of sweet cherry cultivars and rootstocks was selected to provide a range of compatibility based on preliminary work. The tensile strengths of sweet cherry cultivars grafted on different rootstocks never exceeded the tensile strengths of the self-grafted rootstocks. Rootstocks grafted as scions on Prunus avium L. rootstocks and self-grafted rootstocks produced some of the strongest unions tested and also produced union strength much faster than any of the other combinations. The degree of compatibility was quantified and results indicated that if this value was below 0.2, measured 18 weeks after grafting, it corresponded to combinations with major risks of delayed incompatibility.Key words: tensile strength, grafting, compatibility, sweet cherry, Prunus avium.

scholarly journals The Profile and Content of Polyphenols and Carotenoids in Local and Commercial Sweet Cherry Fruits (Prunus avium L.) and Their Antioxidant Activity In Vitro

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Średnicka-Tober ◽  
Alicja Ponder ◽  
Ewelina Hallmann ◽  
Agnieszka Głowacka ◽  
Elżbieta Rozpara
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Prunus Avium L

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the content of a number of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of fruits of selected local and commercial sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars. The experiment showed that the selected cultivars of sweet cherries differ significantly in the content of polyphenolic compounds and carotenoids. The fruits of commercial sweet cherry cultivars were, on average, richer in polyphenols (the sum of phenolic compounds determined chromatographically), flavonoids, as well as anthocyanins and were characterized by higher antioxidant activity when compared to the local, traditional cultivars. In the group of the traditional sweet cherry cultivars, particular attention could be paid to Black Late cv., showing the highest antioxidant activity of fruits. In the group of commercial sweet cherry cultivars, Cordia and Sylvia fruits could be recognized as being rich in bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. Yellow skin cultivars were characterized by the highest concentrations of carotenoids. Strong positive correlations between the identified bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of fruits were also found. Although different cultivars of sweet cherries show a high variability in phenolics and carotenoids profiles as well as in the antioxidant activity of fruits, they all should be, similarly to other types of cherries, recognized as a rich source of bioactive compounds with an antioxidant potential.

Resistance of sweet cherry cultivars to fruit surface pitting

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Kappel ◽  
Peter Toivonen ◽  
Sabina Stan ◽  
Darrell-Lee McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Fruit Surface ◽  
Prunus Avium L

A recently developed technique was used to determine the susceptibility to fruit surface pitting of new sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars and compare them to an industry standard. The cultivars tested included Bing (industry standard), Cristalina, Lapins, Sandra Rose, Santina, Skeena, Sonata, Staccato, and Sweetheart. Fruit were harvested at commercial maturity, injured, held at 1°C for 2 wk and then rated for fruit surface pitting. The cultivars Lapins, Skeena, Staccato, and Sweetheart had less pitting than Bing. Cristalina and Sonata tended to have similar levels of injury to Bing and Sandra Rose and Santina tended to have more severe pitting than Bing. Key words: Sweet cherries, cultivars, simulated pitting injury

scholarly journals Wild and Rare Self-Incompatibility Allele S17 Found in 24 Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Kivistik ◽  
Liina Jakobson ◽  
Kersti Kahu ◽  
Kristiina Laanemets
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
S Locus ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
S Alleles ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Consensus Primers

AbstractThe pollination of self-incompatible diploid sweet cherry is determined by the S-locus alleles. We resolved the S-alleles of 50 sweet cherry cultivars grown in Estonia and determined their incompatibility groups, which were previously unknown for most of the tested cultivars. We used consensus primers SI-19/20, SI-31/32, PaConsI, and PaConsII followed by allele-specific primers and sequencing to identify sweet cherry S-genotypes. Surprisingly, 48% (24/50) of the tested cultivars, including 17 Estonian cultivars, carry the rare S-allele S17, which had initially been described in wild sweet cherries in Belgium and Germany. The S17-allele in Estonian cultivars could originate from ‘Leningradskaya tchernaya’ (S6|S17), which has been extensively used in Estonian sweet cherry breeding. Four studied cultivars carrying S17 are partly self-compatible, whereas the other 20 cultivars with S17 have not been reported to be self-compatible. The recommended pollinator of seven self-incompatible sweet cherries is of the same S-genotype, including four with S17-allele, suggesting heritable reduced effectiveness of self-infertility. We classified the newly genotyped sweet cherry cultivars into 15 known incompatibility groups, and we proposed four new incompatibility groups, 64–67, for S-locus genotypes S3|S17, S4|S17, S5|S17, and S6|S17, respectively, which makes them excellent pollinators all across Europe. Alternatively, the frequency of S17 might be underestimated in Eastern European populations and some currently unidentified sweet cherry S-alleles might potentially be S17.

scholarly journals Revisiting the S-allele Nomenclature in Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) Using RFLP Profiles

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael R. Hauck ◽  
Amy F. Iezzoni ◽  
Hisayo Yamane ◽  
Ryutaro Tao
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Correct Assignment ◽  
Enzyme Combination ◽  
Incompatibility Alleles ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Correct assignment of self-incompatibility alleles (S-alleles) in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is important to assure fruit set in field plantings and breeding crosses. Until recently, only six S-alleles had been assigned. With the determination that the stylar product of the S-locus is a ribonuclease (RNase) and subsequent cloning of the S-RNases, it has been possible to use isoenzyme and DNA analysis to genotype S-alleles. As a result, numerous additional S-alleles have been identified; however, since different groups used different strategies for genotype analysis and different cultivars, the nomenclature contained inconsistencies and redundancies. In this study restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles are presented using HindIII, EcoRI, DraI, or XbaI restriction digests of the S-alleles present in 22 sweet cherry cultivars which were chosen based upon their unique S-allele designations and/or their importance to the United States sweet cherry breeding community. Twelve previously published alleles (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S9, S10, S11, S12, and S13) could be differentiated by their RFLP profiles for each of the four restriction enzymes. Two new putative S-alleles, both found in `NY1625', are reported, bringing the total to 14 differentiable alleles. We propose the adoption of a standard nomenclature in which the sweet cherry cultivars `Hedelfingen' and `Burlat' are S3S5 and S3S9, respectively. Fragment sizes for each S-allele/restriction enzyme combination are presented for reference in future S-allele discovery projects.

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