scholarly journals ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS E MICROBIOLÓGICOS DO SOLO EM PLANTIOS CLONAIS DE EUCALIPTO

Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Giovanno Radel Vargas ◽  
Renato Marques ◽  
Jonas Eduardo Bianchin ◽  
Hilbert Blum ◽  
Wilson Wagner Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Experimental Plots

Atributos microbiológicos do solo podem ser relacionados à ciclagem de nutrientes e mesmo com a produtividade de plantas e podem se relacionar com a fertilidade do solo ou com o potencial de desenvolvimento de determinadas espécies. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo em plantios com diferentes materiais genéticos de eucalipto, submetidos ou não ao desbaste florestal. O trabalho foi conduzido em área no município de Itatinga-SP, onde estão plantados oito clones e um plantio semental de eucalipto. As parcelas do experimento foram compostas pelos 8 clones e pelo plantio semental, sendo suas subparcelas as áreas em que foi realizado o desbaste e as áreas onde não foi realizado o desbaste. Foram realizadas coletas de solo para análises químicas e para os atributos microbiológicos nas camadas superficiais do solo. Não foi identificado efeito dos materiais genéticos sobre atributos químicos do solo. Foi observada tendência de maior atividade microbiológica no verão e não foi verificada influência do material genético sobre atributos microbiológicos, mas o desbaste influenciou alguns deles, sem, entretanto, comportamento padrão.Palavras-chave: microbiologia; clones; desbaste; microbiota do solo. CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF THE SOIL IN CLONAL EUCALYPTUS PLANTATIONS ABSTRACT: Soil microbiological attributes can be related to nutrient cycling and even plant productivity and can be related to soil fertility or the development potential of certain species. The objective of this work was to characterize chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil in plantations with different genetic materials of eucalyptus, submitted or not to forest thinning. The work was carried out in an area in the municipality of Itatinga-SP, where eight clones and one eucalyptus seed plantation are planted. The experimental plots were composed of 8 clones and seed planting, with its subplots being the areas where thinning was carried out and the areas where thinning was not carried out. Soil collections were carried out for chemical analysis and microbiological attributes in the superficial layers of the soil. No effect of genetic materials on soil chemical attributes was identified. A trend towards greater microbiological activity was observed in the summer and there was no influence of genetic material on microbiological attributes, but thinning influenced some of them, without, however, standard behavior.Keywords: microbiology; clones; thinning; soil microbiota.

scholarly journals Ethnopedological Studies to Characterize Neosols at the Brazilian Semiarid Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Jucirema Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Jeane Cruz Portela ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
Cezar Augusto Medeiros Rebouças ◽  
Francisco Ernesto Sobrinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Soil Landscape ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The ethnopedological approach to soil characterization presents great challenges, since the understanding of the systems occurs through the knowledge acquired by the man in his coexistence with agroecosystems. The aim of the present research was to characterize the agricultural soils through morphological, physical and chemical analysis, using ethnopedological studies in the ‘Santa Agostinha’ Settlement Project, Caraúbas-RN, Brazil. Five areas were defined for study in the soil/landscape relation: i) area with cashew cultivation; ii) area of pasture; iii) area of crops in consortium; iv) agroforestry; and v) preserved forest, used as the reference. Participatory workshops, exchanges and classifications (from the locals and formal) were carried out with the analysis of the morphological, physical and chemical attributes of the studied soils in the layers of 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m. The results of the ethicist classification, based on the attributes evaluation were: Quartzarenic latosol NEOSOL (cashew area); Regolitic euthrofic NEOSOL (pasture area); Ortic quartzarenic fragiudult NEOSOL (intercropping area); typical quartzarenic ortic NEOSOL (agroforestry area and typical hydromorphic quartzarenic NEOSOL that presented a close relation with the emicist classification (from the local people). The observation of the different soil types in the landscape, due to the stratification of the environments, allowed the growers to identify characteristics associated with soil potentials and restrictions and, consequently, the correct management to be adopted. The experiences of local growers in the participatory workshops provided an exchange of popular and scientific knowledge, as well as new perspectives of coexistence with the semiarid.

scholarly journals Fertilidade do solo como indicador do efeito de borda em fragmento florestal, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Danilo Brito Novais ◽  
Joilson Silva Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
The One ◽  
Composite Samples

Com a expansão da agricultura as florestas têm sido fragmentadas, modificando a dinâmica dos seus processos refletindo na fertilidade do solo. Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de borda na fertilidade do solo em um fragmento florestal na região Sudoeste da Bahia. Para isso a área foi dividida em faixas verticais iniciando 50 metros após a borda, adentrando até 300 metros no fragmento. Em cada uma das faixas foram tomadas 3 amostras compostas nas profundidades de 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm. Analisando os atributos químico e calculando a soma de bases, CTC a pH7 e a saturação por bases (V%). Também foram quantificados os teores de carbono orgânico (COT) nas áreas de estudo. Foram observadas diferenças na fertilidade do solo da borda para o interior do fragmento.  Verificou-se que os atributos Ca2+, H++Al3+, S, T, COT foram os mais sensíveis em relação ao efeito de borda. A área semi-interna (SI) distando 150-200 metros, de maneira geral foi a que apresentou os maiores valores de fertilidade do solo, possivelmente devido aos maiores teores de matéria orgânica acumulada.  Soil fertility as edge effect indicator in a forest fragment, Vitória da Conquista, BahiaAbstract: With the expansion of agriculture forests have been fragmented, changing the dynamics of their processes reflecting soil fertility. This study aimed to evaluate the edge effect on soil fertility in a forest fragment in the Southwest Bahia region. For this area was divided into vertical strips starting 50 meters after the border, entering up to 300 meters in the fragment. In each of the tracks were taken 3 composite samples at depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm. Analyzing the chemical attributes and calculating the sum of bases, CTC at pH 7 and base saturation (V%). Also the organic carbon levels were quantified (COT) in the study areas. Differences were observed at the edge of soil fertility into the fragment. It was found that attributes, Ca2+, H++Al3+, S, T, COT were the most sensitive in relation to the edge effect. The semi-internal area (SI) 150-200 meters distant in general was the one with the highest soil fertility values, possibly due to higher levels of accumulated organic matter.

scholarly journals Soil fertility under different tillage systems in sugarcane expansion area

2019 ◽  
pp. 1236-1243
Author(s):  
Emmerson Rodrigues de Moraes ◽  
José Geraldo Mageste ◽  
Joicy Vitória Miranda Peixoto ◽  
Luis Augusto da Silva Domingues ◽  
Regina Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Chemical Attributes

In sugarcane expansion areas where soil fertility restrictions regularly occur, soil preparing ameliorates soil physical and chemical properties to improve conditions for sugarcane crop development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil chemical attributes under different soil preparation methods for sugarcane cultivation at the first and second year of expansion area in the Cerrado biome. The experiment was conducted in an area previously used as pasture land for more than 10 years with Brachiaria decumbens without any soil correction. CTC-2 sugarcane variety was planted. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were: desiccation-liming-plowing-harrowing; liming-plowing-harrowing; liming-harrowing-plowing-harrowing; desiccation-liming-direct planting; desiccation-liming-subsoiling, and harrowing-liming-plowing-harrowing. Soil attributes: organic matter, water pH, H++Al3+, Al3+, m, V, H2PO4-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and S-SO4-2 were evaluated at 0-0.2, 0.2-0.4 and 0.4-0.6 m soil depth. The variables were submitted ANOVA, joint analysis and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The treatments including liming followed by harrowing, plowing and harrowing, and harrowing followed by liming, plowing and harrowing, resulted in the largest gains in soil fertility. In the first year of sugarcane cultivation, the no-tillage system proved to be sustainable and appropriate for sugarcane cultivation economically viable.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of soil fertility and its relation with cocoa yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Railton O. dos Santos ◽  
◽  
Laís B. Franco ◽  
Samuel A. Silva ◽  
George A. Sodré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Cocoa Yield

ABSTRACT The knowledge on the spatial variability of soil properties and crops is important for decision-making on agricultural management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil fertility and its relation with cocoa yield. The study was conducted over 14 months in an area cultivated with cocoa. A sampling grid was created to study soil chemical properties and cocoa yield (stratified in season, off-season and annual). The data were analyzed using descriptive and exploratory statistics, and geostatistics. The chemical attributes were classified using fuzzy logic to generate a soil fertility map, which was correlated with maps of crop yield. The soil of the area, except for the western region, showed possibilities ranging from medium to high for cocoa cultivation. Soil fertility showed positive spatial correlation with cocoa yield, and its effect was predominant only for the off-season and annual cocoa.

scholarly journals Agricultural diversification promotes multiple ecosystem services without compromising yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (45) ◽  
pp. eaba1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tamburini ◽  
Riccardo Bommarco ◽  
Thomas Cherico Wanger ◽  
Claire Kremen ◽  
Marcel G. A. van der Heijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Impact

Enhancing biodiversity in cropping systems is suggested to promote ecosystem services, thereby reducing dependency on agronomic inputs while maintaining high crop yields. We assess the impact of several diversification practices in cropping systems on above- and belowground biodiversity and ecosystem services by reviewing 98 meta-analyses and performing a second-order meta-analysis based on 5160 original studies comprising 41,946 comparisons between diversified and simplified practices. Overall, diversification enhances biodiversity, pollination, pest control, nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and water regulation without compromising crop yields. Practices targeting aboveground biodiversity boosted pest control and water regulation, while those targeting belowground biodiversity enhanced nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and water regulation. Most often, diversification practices resulted in win-win support of services and crop yields. Variability in responses and occurrence of trade-offs highlight the context dependency of outcomes. Widespread adoption of diversification practices shows promise to contribute to biodiversity conservation and food security from local to global scales.

Soil fertility after logging in the northern Rocky Mountains

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Stark
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Leaching Losses ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Whole Tree

Measurements of dry biomass, the concentration of 10 biologically essential ions and other data from compartments of a Douglas-fir – western larch (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco – Larixoccidentalis Nutt.) forest were used to study the nutrient impacts of various harvest treatments. Precipitation additions about equalled leaching losses as has been shown elsewhere. Any ions lost in harvest must be replaced by available ions in the soil root zone and ions recycled from decay above and below ground. Conventional harvest of wood >7.6 cm removes about 1% of the total ecosystem cations. Data show that decay and available and accessible soil ions could easily replace the ions lost in a single rotation with conventional harvest. Total aboveground harvest would reduce the decomposer populations and remove the supporting substrate, resulting in possible ion deficiencies during the next rotation (excluding weathering additions). Whole-tree harvest would leave marginal amounts of Mn available or recyclable in the ecosystem on these young soils to support the next rotation. Two guidelines for harvest and nutrient cycling in the Rocky Mountains were developed: (i) The growth of a forest within a rotation should not be subsidized by ions released through weathering during that rotation because the soil will not mature in fertility. (ii) There should be enough biologically essential ions on site at the time of harvest to grow the next three to four forest rotations to maintain a healthy ecosystem.

Analysis of Soil Fertility in the Preliminary Stage of Ecological Slope Protection in Guandi Hydropower Station

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 847-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yi Li ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Wen Nian Xu ◽  
Ke Liang Wei ◽  
Zi Chao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hydropower Station ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yalong River ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Better Than

The soil fertility was measured in four experimental plots on human-induced restoration slopes like vegetation-growing concrete spraying bio-slope (CBS) and external-soil spray seeding bio-slope ( ESS) in Yalong River Guandi Hydropower. The results showed that the soil fertility level of four repaired slopes were significantly higher than the control sample, and there was no significant difference among these experimental slopes except for the slope D (right bank CBS) which was the highest in all of slopes. It indicated that the technology of ecological slope protection can improve soil quality in the disturbed areas of Guandi Hydropower Station, Yalong River. The results of using vegetation-growing concrete base material spraying technology were better than the external-soil spray seeding technology.

scholarly journals Produção e qualidade de mudas de Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul sob substratos e bioestimulador

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (52) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Orivaldo Benedito da Silva ◽  
Ademir Goelzer ◽  
Thiago De Oliveira Carnevali ◽  
Fernando Henrique Moreira Dos Santos ◽  
Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Restricted Sense ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Chemical Attributes

<p class="Default">The aim of this work is to evaluate the chemical attributes of substrate, emergence, survival and quality of Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul (angico-do-cerrado) seedlings in different substrates and with or without biostimulator of soil microbiota. We evaluated three types of substrates – ‘Cerrado’ soil (restricted sense), commercial Tropstrato® substrate and native forest soil (‘Cerradão’) – with or without biostimulator application, arranged in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. Seedling emergence was low (38.05%), but the highest survival occurred with application of biostimulator (81.01%) and commercial substrate (87.61%). The highest height (8.60 cm), number of leaves (13.00/plant), stem diameter (1.86 mm) and leaf area (43.44 cm2/plant) of seedlings as well as highest dry masses, occurred in the native forest soil, the dry masses were also favored with the application of biostimulator. Results indicated that native forest substrate and biostimulator application provides greater growth and quality of ‘angico-docerrado’ seedlings.</p>

scholarly journals Perceived methods for increasing the productivity of irrigated typical gray and grazing soils of Uzbekistan in non-traditional irrigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 03024
Author(s):  
Dilnavoza Burkhanova ◽  
Dilrabo Kodirova ◽  
Munisa Urmanova ◽  
Muradjan Karimov ◽  
Matlyuba Usmonova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Traditional Irrigation

This article considers the effective effect of mulching of irrigated typical gray and meadow soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers on soil fertility, mulching of typical gray soils with plant residues and application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) in meadow soils. The effect on microbiological activity was determined. The application of various fertilizers (organic fertilizers, biohumus and biopreparations) to typical irrigated gray and meadow soils and mulching of the soil with plant residues have been shown to affect the growth and yield of winter wheat and cotton.

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