scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: APPLICATION OF DEA AND TOBIT MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Marcikić Horvat ◽  
◽  
Boris Radovanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Time Period ◽  
International Tourist

The main goal of this chapter is to evaluate the relative efficiency of tourism development in 33 European countries using a Two-stage DEA model for the seven-year time period. The output-oriented DEA model with a variable return to scale has been applied, with one input variable (government expenditure for travel and tourism (T&T)) and four output variables (average receipts per arrival, number of international tourist arrivals, T&T share of GDP and T&T share of employment). Results of the first stage showed that the lowest average efficiency scores were achieved in countries that recently joined the European Union, while a significant increase of efficiency is observed in the results of Western Balkan countries. The highest average efficiency score achieved countries in the EU15 group. Results of the second stage indicate the statistically significant relationships of the tourism efficiency scores with average international tourism receipt per arrival, tourism industry share of GDP and share of employment, government prioritization of tourism industry, visa requirements, number of rooms, rate of use and number of natural sites.

Perspective directions of development of local gastronomy tourism in the conditions of European integration

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Tetyana P. Yakhno ◽  
Ulyana A. Martynyuk
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
Innovation Clusters ◽  
Recreational Resources ◽  
Further Development

The article identifies the main aspects of gastronomy tourism in Ukraine and in the world and possible prospects and trends for further development of gastronomy tourism in our country. The variety of gastronomic festivals and tours in the leading regions of the country available in Ukraine are analyzed. Factors and entities of development of gastronomic tourism in each region and the reasons of their uneven application are allocated. The perspective areas of gastronomy tourism development in Ukraine to create a promising and competitive product on the international market of tourist services are outlined. Ukraine as a new tourism destination is increasingly establishing itself on the tourists’ travel map. The information is supplemented by various ratings from international tourist guides, which recommend travelers to turn their eyes to Ukraine. In Ukraine, the tourism industry is in its infancy, but its operation has a significant impact on the economy and is quite promising. Ukraine has very promising conditions and opportunities for activating the tourist capacity, in particular, due to the availability of unique natural and recreational resources, historical and cultural monuments, rich flora and fauna, areas of various forms of recreation, interesting and delicious dishes. Forming the innovation clusters, which are groups of enterprises, firms, organizations, and institutions operating in one (or several related) business area by economic interests and regional characteristics is one of the perspective forms of economic integration and development in the tourism industry of Ukraine. The advantage and novelty of the cluster approach are that it provides significant importance to the microeconomic component, as well as the territorial and social aspects of economic development. In modern conditions, the improvement of methods of organizational, financial, and resource-based support for tourism development at the macro, meso-, and micro levels is highly relevant. The intensification of the tourism companies’ activity should be based on the expansion of the possibilities of regional investment processes management in the specified direction and the combination of efficient state regulation of the economy with market self-regulation.

scholarly journals Quantile Dependence in Tourism Demand Time Series: Evidence in the Southern Italy Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3243
Author(s):  
Giovanni De Luca ◽  
Monica Rosciano
Keyword(s):  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
High Quantiles ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hotel Accommodation

Travel and tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. In 2018, international tourist arrivals grew 5% to reach the 1.4 billion mark and at the same time export earnings generated by tourism have grown to USD 1.7 trillion. The rapid growth of the tourism industry has globally attracted the interest of researchers for a long time. The literature has tried to model tourism demand to analyze the effects of different factors and predict the future behavior of the demand. Forecasting of tourism demand is crucial not only for academia but for tourism industries too, especially in line with the principles of sustainable tourism. The hospitality branch is an important part of the tourism industry and accurate passenger flow forecasting is a key link in the governance of the resources of a destination or in revenue management systems. In this context, the paper studies the interdependence of tourism demand in one of the main Italian tourist destinations, the Campania region, using a quantile-on-quantile approach between overall and specific tourism demand. Data are represented by monthly arrivals and nights spent by residents and non-residents in hotels and complementary accommodations from January 2008 to December 2018. The results of the analysis show that the hotel-accommodation component of the tourism demand appears to be more vulnerable than extra-hotel accommodation component to the fluctuations of the overall tourism demand and this feature is more evident for the arrivals than for nights spent. Moreover, the dependence on high quantiles suggests strategy of diversification or market segmentation to avoid overtourism phenomena and/or carrying capacity problems. Conversely, dependence on low quantiles suggests the use of push strategies to stimulate tourism demand. Finally, the results suggest that it could be very useful if the stakeholders of the tourism sector in Campania focused their attention on the collaboration theory.

scholarly journals Tourism industry in the new Europe: trends, policies and challenges

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Irina Ana
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Developed Countries

Abstract This paper provides an examination of tourism in the New Member States of the European Union from the date of accession until the last year for which data is available (2014), assessing not only the importance of tourism for the New Member States economy, but also the factors and trends that might affect this industry. Predictions for tourism after joining the EU had been confident and the statistical findings confirmed that the outcomes had been to a great extent encouraging and favourable. Considerable research has been devoted to tourism in the developed countries from Europe, the so-called Old Member States, but rather less attention has been paid to tourism in the Central Eastern Europe, the New Member States region. In this regard, the paper will start with an overview of the current state of the literature on this topic, section that precedes a presentation of European bodies and policies in the travel and tourism field. According to The World Bank Database (World Tourism Organization, 2016), the number of international inbound tourists in the countries Newest Members of EU increased on average three times and in many cases this is partly a consequence of the Community’s accession policy and the market oriented policies in the new Member States (Enterprise and Industry Directorate-General of the European Commission, 2007). Time series will be analysed in order to identify specific trends in the tourism industry, but also in an attempt to characterize the European integration impact on the New Member States’ tourism. Main future challenges and opportunities in the travel and tourism industry will also be sketched, so the paper to better serve not only participants in the academic community and practitioners in the tourism business, but also financial market parties or consultants.

scholarly journals Issues, Challenges and Scope for Tourism Development in Kumaun Region of Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Dr. Bhuwan Chandra Melkani and Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Local Population ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
A Site

Tourism industry in the modern era is emerging one of the largest service-sector industry which is contributing in many ways towards economies through generating national income as well as by creating job opportunities especially for local population and thus become an avenue of socio-economic development and cultural exchange. Travel and Tourism is not only an activity for leisure and entertainment but it is also enriching and energizing activity. Uttarakhandone of the most beautiful state in the northern belt known as ‚Devbhoomi‛ or ‘Abode of Gods’ is a site of temples and pilgrimage, endowed with salubrious climate, exotic greenery, rich flora besides its rich culture. ‚Kumaon‛one of the two region of the state Uttarakhandattracts large numbers of tourists and is becoming as one of the preferred choice of visit among travellers. Beside all this the tourism industry in the Kumaunregion is facing some issues and challenges which need to be considered to capitalize the potential of tourism in the Kumaun region. The present study tries to examine the Challenges and scope of tourism development in the Kumaun region of the Uttarakhand state, the nature of the research is qualitative and employs the secondary sources of data. The results of the study reveals that there are challenges for tourism development, but with certain improvements and proper planning the region can be developed as one of the best tourist destination because there is vast scope in new forms of tourism and which can be capitalized with proper and efficient planning and execution

The Development of Travel and Tourism Industry in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2173-2179
Author(s):  
Aleksandr B. Orishev ◽  
Azer A. Mamedov ◽  
Igor Yu. Zalysin ◽  
Dmitry V. Kotusov ◽  
Sergey L. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Free Trade Zones ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
The Far East ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Research Findings

The article presents the results of scientific research devoted to the study of tourism in the countries of the Far East, obtained at one of its stages. The purpose of the article is to characterize the state of rural tourism in Iran. The article shows how the attitude to tourism has changed in this country, uncovering the main reasons for the growth of domestic and international tourist flows in recent years. There are several areas of rural tourism in Iran, which include visits to historical villages and free trade zones, camping in nomad tents, recreation in parks and natural resorts, and trips to the desert. The main research findings of the authors demonstrate the problems facing rural tourism in Iran and identify the risks that arise in this sector of the economy.

Economic Implication of Absence of National Carrier in the Nigeria Aviation Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gbadamosi Kolawole T ◽  
Adekunle Emmanuel A.
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Economic Implication ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Foreign Competitors

The aim of the study is to access the economic implication of absence of National carrier in the Nigeria aviation industry. The airline industry is the key drive of the travel and tourism industry and also a major contributor to many countries’ overall economy through international tourist arrivals and departures. The study estimate the amount of revenue Nigeria is losing to capital flights for not having a viable national carrier over the past ten years that is from 2007 to 2016.The estimated amount of revenue loss was examined on airlines offering direct flights on Nigeria to London route, in which we have two foreign airlines (British airways and Virgin Atlantic airline)and a Nigeria’s private national carrier which is Med-view airline. The class of tickets and services in each class of ticket being offered by the airlines was examined. The study reveals an estimate of total of over $6 Billion revenue were being lost to hands of foreign competitors over the past ten years with British airways generating closely to $4 billion, while Virgin Atlantic generated over $2.3 billion and Med-view generated over $133 million in the past ten years. The study also reveals that the higher the passenger carried the higher the revenue and vice versa. However, establishing a national carrier by the federal government is imminent which will express Nigeria culture and to better serve passengers especially Nigerians. Finally, banks and other governmental financial institutions should make available enough funds with longer payback period and little interest for both existing airlines to upgrade their services and new entrants to be able to purchase necessary equipment’s to make them competitive in the market.

scholarly journals Licensing of Tourist Activity in Foreign Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Olena CHERNIAK ◽  
Alla KIRYK
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
State Agency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Travel Agencies

The tourism industry has been studied as one of the important components of the world economy. The place and role of licensing of tourist activity in the system of state regulation in the field of tourism are considered. The normative-legal regulation of licensing of tourist activity in Ukraine is analyzed. It is determined that the obligation to issue licenses for the right to conduct tour operators is assigned to the State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine (DART). The views of representatives of the tourism business on the abolition of licensing of travel agencies in Ukraine, which was carried out on the basis of the Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine to Restrict State Regulation of Economic Activity». Modern approaches to the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of tourism market participants in some countries and in Ukraine are analyzed. The procedure for issuing licenses for tourism activities in such popular tourist countries as Italy, France, Great Britain, Turkey, Thailand, Japan and the UAE is considered. The legal regulation of tourism in the European Union is studied and the Directive (EU) № 2015/2302 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on package tours and related travel organizations is analyzed, which aims to promote the proper functioning of the internal market and achieve the highest possible higher and equal level of protection of consumers of tourist services. It is determined which public authorities in foreign countries are responsible for state regulation of tourism. The types of licenses that can be obtained when opening travel agencies in foreign countries are considered. It is established that the procedure for obtaining a license differs from country to country and depends on a number of factors, including: models of public tourism management, development of the general legal framework, formation and structure of the tourism market, the presence of an association of tourism professionals. The improvement of state regulation of tourism development in Ukraine on the basis of international experience is analyzed. The directions of Ukraine which are directed on improvement of tourist sphere, namely introduction of the register of subjects of tourist activity are defined.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CURRENT TRENDS IN THE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Derkach ◽  
Olha Mylashko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visegrad Group

The paper presents the research results of tourism state and patterns development in the Visegrad Group. The regional grouping of Central and Eastern Europe, the Visegrad Group, has become a separate subsystem of the European Union, which has received economic, logistical, cultural and political content. These processes are important for Ukraine. The experience of the Visegrad Group, the ability to quickly solve current issues and face the challenges, understanding the real hierarchy of priorities while preserving the national identity of the Visegrad Group (VG) are significant for Ukraine. Tourism is an area that can positively influence both the development of the integrated structure as a whole and the socio-economic development of its member countries. The article carries out a comparative analysis of tourism development trends in the Visegrad Group countries, Europe and the world, as well as develops recommendations for assessing the cooperation prospects between Ukraine and the VG using econometric methods. To achieve the goal of the study, a comparative analysis of global, European and Visegrad trends in tourism was developed, arrivals of international tourists on the amount of income from international tourism by conducting a correlation-regression analysis, substantiated and developed applied aspects for forecasting the potential mutual benefit from cooperation between Ukraine and the VG. According to the World Trade Organization, the forecast of the number of international tourists in the world for 2020-2021 was made. Based on the impact assessment of the number of international tourist arrivals on the amount of income from international tourism, a linear regression model was built, the adequacy and reliability of the regression coefficient was confirmed by Fisher's and Student's estimates. During the analysis (from a priori analysis, proving the quantitative and qualitative homogeneity of the two sets, to the construction, evaluation and analysis of the obtained model) a regression model was built, which can be recommended to be used in the impact analysis of tourist arrivals on international tourism. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of international tourist arrivals and revenues from international tourism in Poland and Ukraine was done. As a result of Poland's experience research, a model of revenues from international tourism is recommended, the factors of which are gross investment (% of GDP) and the number of tourist arrivals.

Fostering sustainability and competitiveness in European tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Santander
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Current View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Cent Increase ◽  
A Current

Purpose This paper aims to explore sustainable tourism in Europe in economic, socio-cultural and environmental dimensions as well as discuss key challenges and necessary steps to be taken by the national tourism organisations. Design/methodology/approach The author takes a look at the evolution and importance of sustainable development for the travel and tourism industry today. Findings Last year Europe reached another record of international tourist arrivals, resulting in a 6 per cent increase on the previous year’s performance. Factors that contributed to this development include the recovery of major source markets, marketing efforts in promoting travel offseason as well as themed promotional activities in third markets. However, the European tourism industry is facing increasing challenges, in particular, those related to the quest between sustainable practices and the need for increasing competitiveness as a global destination. Originality/value This paper provides a current view of how sustainable tourism in Europe became a key global challenge.

Impact Of Value Added Tax On Tourism

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Dombrovski ◽  
Sabina Hodzic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Bid Prices ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Croatia is currently carrying out preparatory measures for accession to the European Union. One of them is the harmonization of value added tax (VAT) with the requirements of Directive 2006/112/EC. Strong taxation affects tourism negatively. Hoteliers in Croatia set aside large funds for facility investments, which include partly high VAT rate of 23%, in order to achieve the market standards. Tourists face higher bid prices which puts the country in an unenviable position among Mediterranean competitors. It is important to find an optimal solution within the VAT system to encourage tourism development. Budget funds collected from tourism need to be refunded to the tourism industry.

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