scholarly journals A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FOR TIME-MANAGEMENT IN REMOTE WORK SETTINGS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Gjorgjievski ◽  
◽  
Daniela Karadakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Work Location ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Average Worker

Ever since the onset of the Internet and the rapid development in communications, a paradigm shift has been occurring between the human resources and the management systems in place. That shift has already rendered plenty of legacy management systems obsolete and ineffective. Evidently, the acceleration of data transfer speeds has produced a side effect in decreasing the location dependency of the average worker in certain industries, which in turn created a new challenge for the contemporary manager especially when dealing with remote teams and time-management of the same. This work-location decoupling meant that new systems had to be created, new studies to be introduced and plenty of modernization to the legacy control systems had to be implemented. And fast! This paper contains a systematic review of available software solutions for time management, location independency, virtual work and work teams and will provide analytic insight.

scholarly journals Challenges for Romanian Entrepreneurs in Managing Remote Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhan ◽  
◽  
Delia Mioara Popescu ◽  
Valentin Radu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Teams ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Remote Workers

In an increasingly globalized society managing remote work allows entrepreneurs to compete favorably and increase profit. Moreover, with the rapid development of information and electronic media, decentralized work has become much more comfortable, faster, and more efficient in response to the globalization of work processes. Dynamic environments have introduced virtual work teams that collaborate through communication technologies across geographical, temporal, cultural, and organizational boundaries to achieve a common goal in the results of their organizations. Remote working grows in popularity, but with it also increases the need of the organization to demand high performance from their members through their projects and activities. All over the world, statistics showed in 2019 a steep increase in the number of virtual workers. Both managers and companies face a high number of challenges to keep their employees satisfied and their “numbers” up. This article focuses on the emergence of Virtual Teams in Romania, primarily through the real necessity of remote workers. We highly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of working from home for Romanian Entrepreneurs, especially in the current pandemic state of the entire world.

scholarly journals Working in a post Covid-19 world: Towards a conceptual framework for distributed work

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Henry ◽  
Daniel B. Le Roux ◽  
Douglas A. Parry
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Distributed Work ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Technological Environment ◽  
Work Settings

Purpose: Against the backdrop of the increased prevalence of telework practices as a result of Covid-19, the purpose of the present article is to address the conceptual confusion, overlap and ambiguity characterising much of the published literature in this domain through the development of an integrated conceptual framework describing distributed work practices at various levels of organisations.Design/methodology/approach: To develop the framework, a collection of definitions for distributed work concepts were systematically selected and reviewed. These concepts include telework, remote work, distributed work and virtual work, as well as telecommuting, virtual teams, virtual organisations and distributed organisations. The reviewed definitions were systematically analysed to elicit the key principles underlying each concept, and then integrated to produce the conceptual framework.Findings: Our analysis suggests that virtuality and distributedness can be defined as distinct continua which, when combined, can be used to describe particular work settings. Additionally, we identify four factors which impact organisational policy in terms of virtuality and distributedness: interdependence of tasks, nature of work, technological environment and temporal distance.Practical implications: The framework offers managers a foundation for establishing distributed work policies and determining policy implications. Additionally, researchers conducting empirical investigations of distributed work practices can utilise the framework to differentiate between and describe particular work settings.Originality/value: The conceptual integration of virtuality, distributedness and organisational levels present a novel and important development. As organisations adapt to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic, the framework we propose serves as a useful artefact to support and inform their decision making.

ORGANIZATION OF INTERNAL CONTROL IN A REMOTE WORK ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
NGUYEN THI HA MY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Ministry Of Finance

With the rapid development and widespread use of technology, business processes are being transformed. One of the consequences of the implementation of technologies into the business is the partial transition to remote work, which made it necessary to reflect the corresponding changes in the internal control system (IC). The article is devoted to the analysis of the main shortcomings identified during the transition to the remote mode, in response to which measures are proposed to adapt the IC to the conditions of remote work. Identifies the following areas for improvement of the internal control system. In response to the identified areas successful practical examples are analyzed and potential measures are proposed in the context of the elements identified in the COSO conceptual framework and methodological documents of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Algorithmic management in a work context

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 205395172110203
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi ◽  
Gemma Newlands ◽  
Min Kyung Lee ◽  
Christine T. Wolf ◽  
Eliscia Kinder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Standard Work ◽  
Management Functions

The rapid development of machine-learning algorithms, which underpin contemporary artificial intelligence systems, has created new opportunities for the automation of work processes and management functions. While algorithmic management has been observed primarily within the platform-mediated gig economy, its transformative reach and consequences are also spreading to more standard work settings. Exploring algorithmic management as a sociotechnical concept, which reflects both technological infrastructures and organizational choices, we discuss how algorithmic management may influence existing power and social structures within organizations. We identify three key issues. First, we explore how algorithmic management shapes pre-existing power dynamics between workers and managers. Second, we discuss how algorithmic management demands new roles and competencies while also fostering oppositional attitudes toward algorithms. Third, we explain how algorithmic management impacts knowledge and information exchange within an organization, unpacking the concept of opacity on both a technical and organizational level. We conclude by situating this piece in broader discussions on the future of work, accountability, and identifying future research steps.

Detecting Malicious Switches for a Secure Software-defined Tactile Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Deqing Zou ◽  
Laurence Tianruo Yang ◽  
Hai Jin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Network Layers ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Network Status ◽  
Sdn Controller

The rapid development of the Internet of Things has led to demand for high-speed data transformation. Serving this purpose is the Tactile Internet, which facilitates data transfer in extra-low latency. In particular, a Tactile Internet based on software-defined networking (SDN) has been broadly deployed because of the proven benefits of SDN in flexible and programmable network management. However, the vulnerabilities of SDN also threaten the security of the Tactile Internet. Specifically, an SDN controller relies on the network status (provided by the underlying switches) to make network decisions, e.g., calculating a routing path to deliver data in the Tactile Internet. Hence, the attackers can compromise the switches to jeopardize the SDN and further attack Tactile Internet systems. For example, an attacker can compromise switches to launch distributed denial-of-service attacks to overwhelm the SDN controller, which will disrupt all the applications in the Tactile Internet. In pursuit of a more secure Tactile Internet, the problem of abnormal SDN switches in the Tactile Internet is analyzed in this article, including the cause of abnormal switches and their influences on different network layers. Then we propose an approach that leverages the messages sent by all switches to identify abnormal switches, which adopts a linear structure to store historical messages at a relatively low cost. By mapping each flow message to the flow establishment model, our method can effectively identify malicious SDN switches in the Tactile Internet and thus enhance its security.

Systematic review of interventions to improve gender equity in graduate medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-138864
Author(s):  
Sinéad Lydon ◽  
Emily O'Dowd ◽  
Chloe Walsh ◽  
Angela O'Dea ◽  
Dara Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Reference List ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Work Settings

Women are substantially underrepresented in senior and leadership positions in medicine and experience gendered challenges in their work settings. This systematic review aimed to synthesise research that has evaluated interventions for improving gender equity in medicine. English language electronic searches were conducted across MEDLINE, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Reference list screening was also undertaken. Peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and March 2020 that evaluated interventions to improve gender equity, or the experiences of women, in academic or clinical medicine were reviewed. Dual reviewer data extraction on setting, participants, type of intervention, measurement and outcomes was completed. Methodological rigour and strength of findings were evaluated. In total, 34 studies were included. Interventions were typically focused on equipping the woman (82.4%), that is, delivering professional development activities for women. Fewer focused on changing cultures (20.6%), ensuring equal opportunities (23.5%) or increasing the visibility or valuing of women (23.5%). Outcomes were largely positive (87.3%) but measurement typically relied on subjective, self-report data (69.1%). Few interventions were implemented in clinical settings (17.6%). Weak methodological rigour and a low strength of findings was observed. There has been a focus to-date on interventions which Equip the Woman. Interventions addressing systems and culture change require further research consideration. However, institutions cannot wait on high quality research evidence to emerge to take action on gender equity. Data collated suggest a number of recommendations pertaining to research on, and the implementation of, interventions to improve gender equity in academic and clinical settings.

A systematic review of principal time use research

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-232
Author(s):  
Craig Hochbein ◽  
Abby Mahone ◽  
Sara Vanderbeck
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Preparation Programs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Principal Preparation Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Correlations

PurposeTo advance the study of principal time use (PTU), the purpose of this study is to report findings from a systematic review of PTU research. In addition to identifying common findings, this study also examined the supporting evidence and methodologies of PTU studies. From this dual approach, this study specified the evidence that supports claims about PTU, as well as identified areas requiring future examination.Design/methodology/approachA systematic reference review process considered 5,746 potential PTU manuscripts. The inclusion criteria identified 55 studies published between 1920 and 2015. This review synthesized data pertaining to the methodologies and findings of PTU research.FindingsFindings from studies conducted across decades indicated that principals worked extensive hours. Moreover, the workdays of principals consisted of brief and unrelated activities, most often focused on noninstructional tasks. Contrary to common hypotheses, studies indicated that PTU dedicated to administrative tasks exhibited positive correlations with educational outcomes. However, claims about PTU have been derived from samples overrepresented by large urban school districts and limited periods of observation.Practical implicationsFuture studies should implement diversified sampling strategies and extended observation periods. For principal preparation programs, the results indicated an opportunity for increased instruction on time management skills.Originality/valueThis systematic review identifies the overlooked history of the research and specifies the evidence that supports common claims about PTU, which provides empirically derived guidance for future PTU studies.

scholarly journals How Are Techno-Stressors Associated with Mental Health and Work Outcomes? A Systematic Review of Occupational Exposure to Information and Communication Technologies within the Technostress Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8673
Author(s):  
Prem Borle ◽  
Kathrin Reichel ◽  
Fiona Niebuhr ◽  
Susanne Voelter-Mahlknecht
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Work Outcome ◽  
Information And Communication

The technostress model has introduced different factors to consider when assessing how information and communication technologies impact individuals in different work settings. This systematic review gathers evidence regarding associations between occupational exposure to technostress and health or work outcomes. In addition, we highlight typical methodological constraints of the technostress model. We conducted electronic literature searches in June 2020 (PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, PsycArticles) and independently screened 321 articles. We report on 21 articles meeting eligibility criteria (working population, technostress exposure, health or work outcome, quantitative design). The most frequently examined techno-stressors, i.e., factors of technostress, were techno-overload and techno-invasion. Techno-stressors were consistently associated with adverse health and work outcomes, apart from a positive impact on work engagement. However, studies may be subject to considerable conceptual overlap between exposure and outcome measures. Future technostress research would benefit from reducing heterogeneity in technostress measures, assessing their external validity and focussing on specific techno-stressors.

scholarly journals Graph Learning based Recommender Systems: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoujin Wang ◽  
Liang Hu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiangnan He ◽  
Quan Z. Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Graph Learning ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Content Based Filtering

Recent years have witnessed the fast development of the emerging topic of Graph Learning based Recommender Systems (GLRS). GLRS mainly employ advanced graph learning approaches to model users’ preferences and intentions as well as items’ characteristics and popularity for Recommender Systems (RS). Differently from other approaches, including content based filtering and collaborative filtering, GLRS are built on graphs where the important objects, e.g., users, items, and attributes, are either explicitly or implicitly connected. With the rapid development of graph learning techniques, exploring and exploiting homogeneous or heterogeneous relations in graphs is a promising direction for building more effective RS. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of GLRS, by discussing how they extract knowledge from graphs to improve the accuracy, reliability and explainability of the recommendations. First, we characterize and formalize GLRS, and then summarize and categorize the key challenges and main progress in this novel research area.

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