Road Safety Benefits of High-Risk Corridor Program in British Columbia, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 2513 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Paul de Leur ◽  
Michael Weightman
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Road Safety

scholarly journals Comparison Analysis between Real Accident Locations and Simulated Risk Areas in An Urban Road Network

Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido ◽  
Vitale ◽  
Astarita ◽  
Giofrè
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Risk Rate ◽  
Historical Accident

Recently, many researchers have employed a microsimulation technique to study the chain of interactions among vehicles, which generates an accident occurrence in some circumstances. This new approach to studying road safety is named traffic conflict technique. The aim of this paper is to assess how the microscopic simulation is a useful tool to identify potentially unsafe vehicle interactions and how high-risk locations identified by a microsimulation technique are similar to the ones identified by using historical accident data. Results show that high-risk locations identified by the simulation framework are superimposable to those identified by using the historical accident database. In particular, the statistical analysis employed based on Pearson’s correlation demonstrates a significative correspondence between a risk rate defined with simulation and an accident rate determined by the observed accidents dataset.

Road Safety Benefits of Liquid Anti-Icing Strategies and Agents: Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada

2000 ◽  
Vol 1700 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Gilfillan
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Arterial Streets ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The City ◽  
Snow And Ice

The Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC) formed a partnership with the city of Kamloops in September 1996 to undertake a 2-year project to test the effectiveness of liquid anti-icers in preventing motor vehicle accidents compared with traditional deicing techniques. ICBC provided $131,000 in financing to Kamloops over the 2 years. Costs included the conversion of city trucks for liquid dispensing, purchasing of liquid magnesium chloride (Freezgard GSL), and updated road weather information systems. G. D. Hamilton and Associates, an engineering and consulting firm in Vancouver, British Columbia, evaluated the safety benefits achieved during the 2 years. The results of the analysis show up to a 74 percent reduction in overall slush, snow, and ice collisions and associated insurance claims. In the previous 3 years, traditional deicing methods were used. The study area for 1996–1997 consisted of 46 km of arterial streets and 38 km of highways within the city of Kamloops. In the second year, 1997–1998, 148 km of arterial and collector roads were studied. However, the anti-icing agent was not applied to the highways in the second year, and the analysis further showed an increase of 84 percent in the overall slush, snow, and ice collisions and resulting claims. The ICBC Research Department evaluated accident claims reported to the Kamloops Claims Office for winter 1997–1998. The results of the analysis show a 6 percent reduction in overall claims on relevant snow days for an estimated minimum savings of $281,868.00 to ICBC for that year. A similar study was completed in 1998–1999 and showed an 8 percent reduction in overall claims on relevant snow days. For the 3-year program, 285 fewer claims were filed, an average of 95 fewer claims per year.

scholarly journals Road Safety Impact of Increased Rural Highway Speed Limits in British Columbia, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Brubacher ◽  
Herbert Chan ◽  
Shannon Erdelyi ◽  
Gordon Lovegrove ◽  
Farhad Faghihi
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Insurance Claims ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Road Segments

Control of vehicle speed is a central tenet of the safe systems approach to road safety. Most research shows that raising speed limits results in more injuries. Advocates of higher speed limits argue that this conclusion is based on older research, that traffic fatalities are decreasing despite higher speed limits, and that modern vehicles are able to safely travel at higher speeds. These arguments were used to justify raising speed limits on rural highways in British Columbia, Canada (July 2014). We used an interrupted time series approach to evaluate the impact of these speed limit increases on fatal crashes, auto-insurance claims, and ambulance dispatches for road trauma. Events were mapped to affected road segments (with increased speed limits) and to nearby road segments (within 5 km of an affected segment). Separate linear regression models were fitted for each outcome and road segment group. Models included gasoline sales to account for changes in vehicle travel. Our main findings were significant increases in (i) total insurance claims (43.0%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 16.0–76.4%), (ii) injury claims (30.0%; 95% CI = 9.5–54.2%), and (iii) fatal crashes (118.0; 95% CI = 10.9–225.1%) on affected road segments. Nearby segments had a 25.7% increase in insurance claims (95% CI = 16.1–36.1%).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Latent TB Screening and Treatment in People Initiating Dialysis in British Columbia, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205435812093710
Author(s):  
Kamila Romanowski ◽  
Caren Rose ◽  
Victoria J. Cook ◽  
Inna Sekirov ◽  
Muhammad Morshed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Latent Tb

Background: People undergoing chronic dialysis are at an increased risk of active tuberculosis (TB). In 2012, the Canadian province of British Columbia began systematically screening people initiating dialysis for latent TB using interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), and treating when appropriate. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare active TB rate in people who initiated dialysis and were screened using an IGRA compared with those not screened during the same period. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: British Columbia (BC), a Canadian province of 5.0 million people with an active TB incidence of 5.1 per 100 000 population. Participants: All people in BC who initiated at least 90 days of dialysis between January 2012 and May 2017 were included in the study. People were excluded if they were <18 years of age or had a prior history of active TB diagnosis or treatment for latent TB. Methods: A retrospective cohort was created of British Columbians who initiated dialysis between 2012 and 2017. Individuals were stratified into a screened and nonscreened group. Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine the association between latent TB screening and the development of active TB. The primary outcome was incident active TB, either microbiologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed. Results: Of the 3190 people included in the study, 1790 (56.1%) were screened, of which 152 (8.5%) initiated latent TB treatment postscreening. During follow-up, incident active TB was diagnosed in 6 (0.3%) of the 1790 people screened, compared with 11 (0.8%) of the 1400 people who received no screening. In multivariable analysis, latent TB screening and treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of active TB (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.3, 95% confidence interval = 0.1-0.8; P < .01). Limitations: This was an observational retrospective study and the potential for unmeasured confounding should be carefully assessed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that systematically screening and treating people initiating dialysis can significantly decrease the rate of active TB in this high-risk population. Given the importance of screening high-risk groups, the results from this analysis could inform scale-up of TB screening in dialysis programs in other low incidence regions. Trial registration is not applicable as this was a retrospective cohort analysis and not a randomized trial.

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