Influence of Cover Soil Depth on the Load Rating of Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts

2015 ◽  
Vol 2511 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Wood ◽  
William D. Lawson ◽  
Priyantha W. Jayawickrama
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Load Rating ◽  
Cover Soil ◽  
Box Culverts

Impact of Specialized Hauling Vehicles on Load Rating Older, Bridge-Class, Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (41) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Lawson ◽  
Hoyoung Seo ◽  
James G. Surles ◽  
Stephen M. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Load Rating ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Cover Soil ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Load Ratings

This paper describes the comparison of load ratings associated with application of three live load models recognized by AASHTO—AASHTO legal loads, the notional rating load including single-unit specialized hauling vehicles (SHVs), and the HL-93 design tandem live load—versus load ratings associated with application of the typical HS-20 standard truck. The test bed for this study was a statistically representative sample of Texas’ older bridge-class reinforced concrete box culvert structures. Rating factors were determined using the load factor rating method with demands calculated from a production-simplified, calibrated, two-dimensional soil–structure interaction model using linear elastic constitutive models for both concrete and soil. The study was motivated in part by research which showed that SHVs create force effects significantly greater than those from the HS-20 truck (for bridges proper), and recent federal policy mandating that states load rate their bridges for SHVs. Findings from this study indicate the standard HS-20 truck, and not SHVs or other legal or design loads, is the critical model for most culvert load rating applications. In particular, operating rating factors calculated from both the AASHTO legal loads and SHV models tend to be higher than corresponding rating factors calculated using the HS-20 standard truck, most of the time. The response is explained primarily by considering the relatively short span length of culvert structures and the load-attenuating benefit of cover soil above the culvert top slab. More detailed exploration of rating variables suggests interactions between culvert geometry, cover soil thickness, and the various types of applied vehicle loads.

Improved Load Rating of Reinforced-Concrete Box Culverts Using Depth-Calibrated Live-Load Attenuation

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 04016095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Wood ◽  
William D. Lawson ◽  
James G. Surles ◽  
Priyantha W. Jayawickrama ◽  
Hoyoung Seo
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Load Rating ◽  
Box Culverts

Evaluation of Production Models for Load Rating Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 04014057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Wood ◽  
William D. Lawson ◽  
Priyantha W. Jayawickrama ◽  
Charles D. Newhouse
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Load Rating ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Box Culverts

Sensitivity Analysis of External Exposure Dose for Future Burial Measures of Decontamination Soil Generated Outside Fukushima Prefecture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Shimada ◽  
Takuma Sawaguchi ◽  
Seiji Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Cover Soil ◽  
Evaluation Point ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi

Abstract A large area of east Japan was contaminated by radiocesium following a nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. Following decontamination of the soil, external effective dose conversion factors were calculated by changing the volume of decontamination soil, depth of cover soil, and distance of the evaluation point from the decontamination soil. The decrement of the factors with an increase of the distance was larger for the smaller volume of decontamination soil. The factors decrease exponentially with an increase of the depth of cover soil in all cases. When there was no cover soil, annual external exposure doses for residents at 1 m from the repository site and public entry were over 10 μSv/y, even for the smallest size (2m × 2m × 1m) and 50 percentile value of radiation concentration (700 Bq/kg). When the surface was covered by 30 cm of non-contaminated soil, the annual external exposure doses were less than 10 μSv/y for the largest size (200m × 200m × 10m) and 95 percentile concentration (2500 Bq/kg).

scholarly journals Improved Live Load Distribution Factors for Use in Load Rating of Older Slab and T-Beam Reinforced Concrete Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Ravazdezh ◽  
Julio A. Ramirez ◽  
Ghadir Haikal
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Load Rating ◽  
Flat Slab ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Load Distribution Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
T Beam

This report describes a methodology for demand estimate through the improvement of load distribution factors in reinforced concrete flat-slab and T-beam bridges. The proposed distribution factors are supported on three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) analysis tools. The Conventional Load Rating (CLR) method currently in use by INDOT relies on a two-dimensional (2D) analysis based on beam theory. This approach may overestimate bridge demand as the result of neglecting the presence of parapets and sidewalks present in these bridges. The 3D behavior of a bridge and its response could be better modeled through a 3D computational model by including the participation of all elements. This research aims to investigate the potential effect of railings, parapets, sidewalks, and end-diaphragms on demand evaluation for purposes of rating reinforced concrete flat-slab and T-beam bridges using 3D finite element analysis. The project goal is to improve the current lateral load distribution factor by addressing the limitations resulting from the 2D analysis and ignoring the contribution of non-structural components. Through a parametric study of the slab and T-beam bridges in Indiana, the impact of selected parameters on demand estimates was estimated, and modifications to the current load distribution factors in AASHTO were proposed.

scholarly journals DAMAGE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS SUBJECTED TO STANDOFF DETONATIONS AND EFFECTS OF COVER SOIL AS A SHOCK ABSORBER

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-876
Author(s):  
Masahiro MORISHITA ◽  
Tsuyoshi ASONUMA ◽  
Shigeyuki KURIKI ◽  
Kensuke TAKEMOTO ◽  
Kazunobu SAITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Cover Soil ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs
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