Eight-Year Field Performance of Secondary Road Incorporating Geosynthetics at Subgrade-Base Interface

2003 ◽  
Vol 1849 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad L. Ai-Qadi ◽  
Alexander Kwasi Appea
Keyword(s):  
Damage Index ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Separation Function ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Aggregate Base

In June 1994 an instrumented 150-m-long secondary road pavement section was built in Bedford County, Virginia. This pavement section was composed of nine individual segments each 15 m long. The nine sections include three groups with aggregate base layer thicknesses of 100, 150, and 200 mm. Three sections from each group were stabilized with geotextiles and three were stabilized with geogrids at the base-subgrade interface. The remaining three sections were kept as control sections. As part of the structural analysis, deflection data parameters such as the base damage index and surface curvature index calculated from falling weight deflectometer (FWD) data were analyzed after being corrected for temperature variations from the time of construction until October 2001. Performance criteria such as rutting measurements were also collected over the whole period. A nonlinear exponential model was used to describe the development of rutting versus cumulative equivalent single-axle loads for the 100-mm base course. A linear elastic program incorporating constitutive material properties was used to calculate vertical compressive stresses, which were used with FWD deflections to predict rutting rates with a mechanistic equation. The rutting rate results confirmed the separation function of geosynthetics that prevented the migration of fines from the subgrade to the base course layer and the penetration of the aggregate base layer into the subgrade. Rutting results, deflection data, and service life analysis showed that geosynthetically stabilized sections significantly improved the performance of the 100-mm base course sections.

scholarly journals Monolayer asphalt pavement. Western requirements in Polish realities

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Piotr Koźlarek
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Base Course

Polish road network is made up of 95% local roads. Their technical condition is much worse in comparison to motorways and national roads network. The lack of financial resources is one of the main reasons for this situation. That is why there is a continuous search for technologies, that allow for fast and cheap pavement repair or modernization. The monolayer asphalt pavement is such a solution offering in addition to cost effectiveness and shorter construction time, also an increased durability. Our western neighbors developed the technical regulations for this technology under the name "Asphalttragdeckschicht" which is marked as AC 16 TD. In direct translation "Asphalttragdeckschicht" means supporting wearing course / base layer. The monolayer asphalt pavement consists of a single layer with thickness between 5 to 10 cm made of HMA that links the functions of two layers – asphalt base course and asphalt wearing course. Thanks to this, the monolayer is resistant to environmental conditions and provides an adequate bearing capacity for a given traffic load. Insufficient funding and the impossibility to put the street out of operation were the bases for the investor’s decision to build a 220m section of road pavement using the monolayer pavement technology in Pruszków near Warsaw. This project gave the possibility to learn and gain an experience with a new western technology applied to Polish reality.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Recycled Asphalt Pavement Material on Permeability and Bearing Capacity in the Base Layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Güneş Seferoğlu ◽  
Mehmet Tevfik Seferoğlu ◽  
Muhammet Vefa Akpınar
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Recycled Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Aggregate Base

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and cement content on the permeability and bearing capacity characteristics of aggregate base courses. Mixtures containing untreated RAP ranging between 0 and 100 percent and 1, 2, and 3% cement-treated RAP were subjected to laboratory tests (bitumen content, sieve analysis, modified proctor, soaked California bearing ratio (CBR), and constant-level permeability tests). The results showed that, as the RAP percentage in the mixture increased, CBR values decreased considerably. Moreover, there is a linear increase in the CBR values with cement treatment. Optimum moisture contents (OMC) and maximum dry densities (MDD) showed a decreasing trend. Increasing the cement percentages in 100% RAP blend increases the OMC and MDD values. The permeability of RAP showed a decrease as the percentage of RAP and cement increased in blends. The study showed that the CBR value of the 20% RAP blend is also obtained in the 100% RAP/3% cement-treated blend. Thus, it has been understood that cement is a suitable material in order to increase the use of RAP. In addition, the increase in the percentage of RAP and cement made the base course more impermeable.

scholarly journals Insights and Findings Following 11 Years of Test Road Exploitation

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Laura Žalimienė ◽  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Donatas Čygas
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Test Road ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Sand Base ◽  
Aggregate Base

Road pavement is one of the most important components of road structure. Long-term monitoring changes in the state of road pavement under real conditions of load and climate allows to determine surface degradation mechanisms, select sustainable road building materials and their mixes, rationally employ asphalt paving technologies, and improve quality control. For a number of years, road pavement structures have been studied that should best meet the Lithuanian climate conditions and withstand the increasing impact of vehicle load. Thus, for that purpose, specially designed, constructed and tested roads or road sections for different pavement structures are most appropriate. One of those was constructed in 2007. The experimental road (hereinafter, the Test Road) consisted of 27 different pavement structures (PSs) produced of various materials. The study aims to evaluate the effect of different materials on variations in the bearing capacity of the pavement structure (PS), the sustainability of the structure, and the formation of ruts in 2007–2018. In this way, difference in bearing capacity, rutting depth between sections, and loaded and unloaded lanes was estimated. Further, the statistical analysis of these factors was conducted. Investigations have shown that the minimum bearing capacity of 754 MPa established after 11 years did not affect the formation of rut depth that was less than 1.0 cm. The PSs covered with the used asphalt granules, a larger asphalt base course on gravel, the sand mix base course, and granite aggregate mixed with sand base course were accepted as one of the PSs with the highest bearing capacity with PSs exceeding 929 MPa. The bearing capacity of the PS containing a 20 cm aggregate base course is on average higher by 30 MPa than PS holding a 15 cm aggregate base course.

scholarly journals Research on the Properties of Mineral–Cement Emulsion Mixtures Using Recycled Road Pavement Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Łukasz Skotnicki ◽  
Jarosław Kuźniewski ◽  
Antoni Szydło
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Cement Binder ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
By Products

The reduction in natural resources and aspects of environmental protection necessitate alternative uses of waste materials in the area of construction. Recycling is also observed in road construction where mineral–cement emulsion (MCE) mixtures are applied. The MCE mix is a conglomerate that can be used to make the base layer in road pavement structures. MCE mixes contain reclaimed asphalt from old, degraded road surfaces, aggregate improving the gradation, asphalt emulsion, and cement as a binder. The use of these ingredients, especially cement, can cause shrinkage and cracks in road layers. The article presents selected issues related to the problem of cracking in MCE mixtures. The authors of the study focused on reducing the cracking phenomenon in MCE mixes by using an innovative cement binder with recycled materials. The innovative cement binder based on dusty by-products from cement plants also contributes to the optimization of the recycling process in road surfaces. The research was carried out in the field of stiffness, fatigue life, crack resistance, and shrinkage analysis of mineral–cement emulsion mixes. It was found that it was possible to reduce the stiffness and the cracking in MCE mixes. The use of innovative binders will positively affect the durability of road pavements.

scholarly journals Studies on the Volumetric Stability and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Fly-Ash-Stabilized Steel Slag

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Mingkai Zhou ◽  
Xu Cheng ◽  
Xiao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Expansion Behavior ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Road Materials ◽  
Base Course ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Aggregate Base

The stability of steel-slag road materials remains a critical issue in their utilization as an aggregate base course. In this pursuit, the present study was envisaged to investigate the effects of fly ash on the mechanical properties and expansion behavior of cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag. Strength tests and expansion tests of the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag with varying additions of fly ash were carried out. The results indicate that the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag exhibited good mechanical properties. The expansion rate and the number of bulges of the stabilized material reduced with an increase in the addition. When the addition of fly ash was 30–60%, the stabilized material was not damaged due to expansion. Furthermore, the results of X-CT, XRD and SEM-EDS show that fly ash reacted with the expansive component of the steel slag. In addition, the macro structure of the stabilized material was found to be changed by an increase in the concentration of the fly ash, in order to improve the volumetric stability. Our study shows that the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag exhibits good mechanical properties and volumetric stability with reasonable additions of fly ash.

scholarly journals The Limestone as a Materials Combination of Base Course on the Road Pavement

2021 ◽  
Vol 1125 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
Yosef Cahyo Setianto Poernomo ◽  
Sigit Winarto ◽  
Zendy Bima Mahardana ◽  
Dwifi Aprillia Karisma ◽  
Rekso Ajiono
Keyword(s):  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Base Course ◽  
On The Road

scholarly journals PRODUKTIVITAS ALAT BERAT DAN BIAYA PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN PADA PROYEK PEMELIHARAAN BERKALA RUAS JALAN: SUNGAI LAKUM – PASAR KAMIS (KERTAK HANYAR)

INFO-TEKNIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Aulia Isramaulana ◽  
Rizka Norjanah
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Class A ◽  
Heavy Equipment ◽  
Periodic Maintenance ◽  
Class B ◽  
Aggregate Base

On the project Periodic Maintenance of Road Sungai Lakum Pasar Kamis is a project implemented using heavy equipment. By using heavy equipment, will facilitate and accelerate the course of the project. The tools used must be considered maintenance, because it is very influential on the production tools and costs incurred for the use of the tool. This study aims to analyze the use of heavy equipment in the periodic Maintenance Project of road Sungai Lakum Pasar Kamis by using theoretical analysis based on field data. Analyzing the calculation is the productivity and cost of the equipment on the scope of work that is the work of the land, widening work and road shoulder work, grinding pavement work, and asphalt work, using Excel program as a tool in data processing so that the achievement of the use of heavy equipment available in finish the job. Based on the calculation obtained the price of theoretical analysis unit based on field data for the work of preferred stockpiles from the source of Rp. 310.994.714,2; Class B aggregate base layer Rp. 76.127.086,04; Aggregate base layer with hill excavation Rp. 59.705.050,39; Class A base aggregate layer Rp. 204.703.029,9; Asphalt lining resap coat liquid Rp. 3.038.436,28; Lataston coating foundation Rp. 306.997.682,6. Where the calculation of unit price based on field data is smaller than the unit price of the bid data.

Full-Scale Evaluation of Relatively Thin Airfield Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (10) ◽  
pp. 658-669
Author(s):  
W. Jeremy Robinson ◽  
Jeb S. Tingle ◽  
Carlos R. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Base Course ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rutting Behavior ◽  
Aggregate Base

A full-scale airfield pavement test section was constructed and trafficked by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) to evaluate the performance of relatively thin airfield pavement structures. The test section consisted of four test items that included three asphalt pavement thicknesses and two different aggregate base courses. The test items were subjected to simulated aircraft traffic to evaluate their response and performance to realistic aircraft loads. Rutting behavior, instrumentation response, and falling weight deflectometer response were monitored at selected traffic intervals. It was found that the performance of the airfield pavement sections were most sensitive to aggregate base course properties, where a 50% reduction in base course strength resulted in a 99% reduction in allowable passes. The data suggested that when sufficient asphalt thickness is not provided, the failure mechanism shifted from subgrade failure to base course failure, particularly at higher subgrade CBR values. In addition, the number of aircraft passes sustained was less than that predicted by current Department of Defense (DOD) methods that include assumptions of a high-quality aggregate base and a minimum asphalt concrete thickness. The results of this study were used to extend existing DOD pavement design and evaluation techniques to include the evaluation of airfield pavement sections that do not meet the current criteria for aggregate base quality and minimum asphalt concrete surface thickness. These performance data were used to develop a new base failure design curve using existing stress-based design criteria.

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