Effect of Curing Methods on Early-Age and Drying Shrinkage of High-Performance Concrete

2003 ◽  
Vol 1834 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Nassif ◽  
Nakin Suksawang ◽  
Maqbool Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Technical Specifications

Many engineers and agencies have observed that the field implementation of high-performance concrete (HPC) is highly dependent on curing and placing conditions. The effect of curing conditions on the early-age properties and long-term durability of HPC is not fully understood. There is a need to expand the knowledge of early-age properties and of the effect of pozzolanic material (like silica fume and fly ash) on drying shrinkage. Results are presented of a study performed to identify the effect of various curing methods on the early-age (autogenous) as well as drying shrinkage of normal and lightweight HPC. The study included a comparison of available analytical models for predicting early-age and drying shrinkage with results from tests performed on different mixes. HPC mixes were developed and evaluated as part of an overall study for the New Jersey Department of Transportation to develop and implement mix designs and technical specifications for HPC transportation structures, such as pavements and bridges. The effect of using three different curing methods on the early-age performance of HPC is presented. The curing conditions consisted of air-dry curing, burlap or moist curing, and use of a curing compound. Results show that moist (burlap) curing should be applied within 1 h after the placement of concrete to improve early-age performance. For very low water-to-cement plus pozzolan ratios, fly ash and lightweight aggregate improved the autogenous shrinkage performance. Moreover, current shrinkage models need to be revised to address HPC mixes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Thermal and Shrinkage Stresses in Restrained High-Performance Concrete

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Linhao Ma ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Chunping Gu ◽  
Zhenjian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Volume Deformation ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Drying Shrinkage Stress

The early age volume deformation is the main course for the cracking of high-performance concrete (HPC). Hence, the shrinkage behavior and the restrained stress development of HPC under different restraints and curing conditions were experimentally studied in this paper. The method to separate the stress components in the total restraint stress was proposed. The total restrained stress was separated into autogenous shrinkage stress, drying shrinkage stress and thermal stress. The results showed that the developments of the free shrinkage (autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage) and the restrained stress were accelerated when the drying began; but the age when the drying began did not significantly influence the long-term shrinkage and restrained stress of HPC; the autogenous shrinkage stress continuously contributed to the development of the total restrained stress in HPC; the drying shrinkage stress developed very rapidly soon after the drying began; and the thermal stress was generated when the temperature dropped. The thermal stress was predominant at the early age, but the contributions of the three stresses to the total restrained stress were almost the same at the age of 56 d in this study.

Early Age Cracking Characteristic of Concrete with Compound Admixtures

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Yun Feng Li ◽  
Dong Sheng Zhang ◽  
Li Xu
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Mineral Admixture ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Furnace Slag

The shrinkage cracking of concrete plays an important role to the accelerated deterioration and shortening the service life of concrete structures. The mineral admixture will be a perfect component of high performance concrete and its utilization will be a valuable resource for recycling. Early age cracking characteristics of concrete with compound admixtures, such as steel slag, blast furnace slag, fly ash, are studied in this paper using plate test method. The better anti-cracking performance of concrete will be realized when blast furnace slag replacing cement at 30%, steel slag and fly ash as the equal mixture components replacing cement at 30%, three kinds of admixtures replacing cement at 30% under the proper proportion.

scholarly journals Early-Age Strength of Ultra-High Performance Concrete in Various Curing Conditions

Materials ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 5537-5553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Sup Park ◽  
Young Kim ◽  
Jeong-Rae Cho ◽  
Se-Jin Jeon
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions

Shrinkage Properties of Cement-Silica Fume Blended Pastes in Early Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 521-526
Author(s):  
Di Zou ◽  
Lian Zhen Xiao ◽  
Wen Chong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Shrinkage Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Expansion Period

The cement-silica fume blended pastes were prepared with different silica fume (SF) dosages of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% at different water-binder ratios (W/B) of 0.4 and 0.5. The autogenous shrinkage (AS) and the drying shrinkage (DS) of the paste samples in the hydration period of 7d (168 hours) were measured by a new measurement technique to explore the influence of W/B and silica fume incorporation on the shrinkage in early age. The study results can provide reference for high performance concrete mix design.It is found that ether the AS or the DS of the paste samples shows a similar pattern, and the AS development with hydration time appeared a temporary expansion period after a rapid growth, especially in the samples at a higher W/B or with a lower SF content. However, the DS development did not occur obvious expansion period.Three development trends were obtained for the factors of W/B and SF content. 1) the AS and DS of the pastes mainly occurred in early ages. The lower W/B, the shorter the rapid growth periods, and the higher the shrinkage ratio of 1d to 7d. For the pastes with W/B of 0.4, the AS grew rapidly in 1d and the DS grew rapidly in the first 10h, and the AS value in 1d reached to 63.6% of 7d, and the DS value reached to 62.1% of 7d in the paste with SF of 10%. For the pastes with W/B of 0.5, the rapid growth periods of the AS and DS respectively extended to 30~33h and 12h, and the AS value in 1d reached to 60.0% of 7d, and the DS value reached to 57.2% of 7d in the paste with SF of 10%. 2) The lower W/B, the higher the shrinkage ratio of the AS to the DS. When the SF dosage is 10%, the ratio of the AS value to the DS value of 7d is 21.66%~21.15% for W/B of 0.4, and only 6.06%~5.78% for the W/B of 0.5. 3) the higher SF content results in the higher AS in cement-SF blended pastes. For the pastes with W/B of 0.4, the ratio of the AS to the DS increased from 6.98% to 30.16% with the increase of content of SF from 5% to 15% in 1d, from 15.1% to 28.19% in 3d, from 16.78% to 26.16% in 7d.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Microstructure and Sustainability of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Using Ultrafine Calcium Carbonate and High-Volume Fly Ash under Different Curing Regimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3900
Author(s):  
Norzaireen Azmee ◽  
Yassir M. Abbas ◽  
Nasir Shafiq ◽  
Galal Fares ◽  
Montasir Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Curing Regimes

In current practice, the performance-based concrete mix (PBCM) approach has become quite popular because it enhances the quality of materials that are fundamentally necessary for a particular situation. In the present study, experimental analysis is performed to determine the optimal mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of concrete for sustainable development and cost effectiveness. Specifically, a mixture of high-volume fly ash (FA) and ultrafine calcium carbonate (UFCC) is investigated as a partial substitution of cement. For optimizing the concrete’s performance, various curing regimes are applied to evaluate the best conditions for obtaining ideal mechanical and microstructural properties. The results show that concrete containing 10% UFCC with a mean particle size of 3.5 µm blended with 40% FA yielded the best performance, with an enhancement of 25% in the compressive strength in the early age. Moreover, the UFCC improved the compactness and refined the interstitial transition zone (ITZ). However, the effects of the different curing methods on the concrete’s strength were insignificant after 28 days.

Instrumentation and Analysis of High-Performance Concrete Bridge Decks

2005 ◽  
Vol 1914 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. D'Ambrosia ◽  
David A. Lange ◽  
Zachary C. Grasley ◽  
Jeffery R. Roesler ◽  
Chang Joon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Thermal Shrinkage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
Stress Development ◽  
Concrete Bridge Decks

The use of high-performance concrete (HPC) for transportation structures was the subject of a 3-year study that involved field investigation, laboratory experiments, analysis, and modeling. The field study involved instrumentation and analysis of six HPC bridge decks. The laboratory component characterized early-age thermal, shrinkage, creep, and cracking behaviors. A three-dimensional finite element model was used in conjunction with material models to analyze and predict creep and shrinkage behavior and to investigate structural and material interactions. This paper focuses on the field component of the project and discusses the instrumentation, deformation measurements, and analysis of bridge decks in Illinois. The bridges were instrumented to understand the development of shrinkage and thermal stress in concrete bridge decks with the use of various materials and structural components. The results indicate that the stress development due to daily temperature cycles and long-term temperature changes are relatively small compared with the stress development due to drying shrinkage. According to model simulations, a 15% to 40% reduction in shrinkage would reduce the stress level enough to prevent most cracking. Although drying shrinkage is the major driving force for stress development, the interaction of concrete shrinkage and structural restraint influences the magnitude of the stress and is linked to the propensity for early-age cracking.

scholarly journals Shrinkage Mitigation of an Ultra-High Performance Concrete Submitted to Various Mixing and Curing Conditions

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3982
Author(s):  
Cédric Androuët ◽  
Jean-Philippe Charron
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water To Binder Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Ultra-High Performance Concretes (UHPC) are cement-based materials with a very low water-to-binder ratio that present a very-high compressive strength, high tensile strength and ductility as well as excellent durability, making them very interesting for various civil engineering applications. However, one drawback of UHPC is their pretty high autogenous shrinkage stemming from their very low water-to-binder ratio. There are several options to reduce UHPC shrinkage, such as the use of fibers (steel fibers, polypropylene fibers, wollastonite microfibers), shrinkage-reducing admixtures (SRA), expansive admixtures (EA), saturated lightweight aggregates (SLWA) and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Other factors related to curing conditions, such as humidity and temperature, also affect the shrinkage of UHPC. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of various SRA, different mixing and curing conditions (low to moderate mixing temperatures, moderate to high relative humidity and water immersion) as well as different curing starting times and durations on the shrinkage of UHPC. The major importance of the initial mixing and curing conditions has been clearly demonstrated. It was shown that the shrinkage of the UHPC was reduced by more than 20% at early-age and long-term when the fresh UHPC temperature was closer to 20 °C. In addition, curing by water immersion led to drastic reductions in shrinkage of up to 65% and 30% at early-age and long-term, respectively, in comparison to a 20% reduction for fog curing at early-age. Finally, utilization of a liquid polyol-based SRA allowed for reductions of 69% and 63% of early-age and long-term shrinkages, respectively, while a powder polyol-based SRA provided a decrease of 47% and 35%, respectively.

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