Chilean Structural Design Guide for Low-Volume Roads

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Thenoux ◽  
Alvaro González ◽  
Felipe Halles
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Mechanistic Analysis ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Selection Of

The practical and theoretical principles used for development of the Chilean Structural Design Guide for Low-Volume Roads 2002 and the guide’s conceptual model and hypotheses are presented. The design guide is a simplified methodology for selection of different pavement structure alternatives for a variety of conditions (traffic, soil support capacity, and climate). The design guide provides solutions for four traffic ranges, six ranges of soil support capacity, and three climate conditions (dry, normal, and saturated). The design charts contain more than 150 solutions. Pavement structural design was solved by mechanistic analysis with the BISAR computer program and fatigue models developed in South Africa. The design guide may be considered an engineering application with upto- date research tools and results.

Otta Seals and Gravseals as Low-Cost Surfacing Alternatives for Low-Volume Roads: Experiences in South Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Oloo ◽  
Rob Lindsay ◽  
Sam Mothilal
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
To Come

The geology of the northeastern part of the province of KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa, is predominantly alluvial with vast deposits of sands. Suitable gravel sources are hard to come by, which results in high graveling and regraveling costs brought about by long haul distances and accelerated gravel loss. Most gravel roads carry fewer than 500 vehicles per day of which less than 10% are heavy vehicles. The high cost of regraveling has led to consideration of upgrading such roads to surfaced standard, even though traffic volumes do not justify upgrading. Traditional chip seals are expensive and cannot be economically justified on roads that carry fewer than 500 vehicles per day. The KwaZulu–Natal Department of Transport is actively involved in efforts to identify cost-effective alternative surfacing products for low-volume roads. Field trials were conducted with Otta seals and Gravseals, which have been used successfully in other countries, as low-cost surfacing products for low-volume roads. The Otta seal is formed by placing graded aggregates on a relatively thick film of soft binder that, because of traffic and rolling, works its way through the aggregates. Gravseal consists of a special semipriming rubberized binder that is covered by a graded aggregate. Both Otta seals and Gravseals provide relatively flexible bituminous surfaces suitable for low-volume roads. Cost savings are derived mainly from the broad aggregate specifications, which allow for the use of marginal materials.

Stabilization and Structural Design of Marginal Materials for Use in Low-Volume Roads

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. E. Liebenberg ◽  
A. T. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Mechanistic Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Simulator ◽  
High Degree

The present structural design method available for bitumen emulsion-treated materials is mostly based on the experience of road engineers and does not provide the necessary guidelines for mechanistic analysis and design. Emulsion treatment is being used more frequently to improve marginal materials and rehabilitate existing badly deteriorated road. Research was conducted on the structural performance of emulsiontreated materials under heavy-vehicle simulator (HVS) and laboratory testing. The issues considered included strength, fatigue, and permanent deformation. The results showed that the emulsion-treated material has a two-phase behavior, namely, a precracked phase and a postcracked phase. The tests also showed that the material has a high degree of resistance to permanent deformation. The laboratory tests showed that cement contributes to the strength of the material, whereas the addition of enough emulsion improves the flexibility. The HVS testing data were used to develop preliminary structural design models for fatigue and permanent deformation.

Apartheid Aesthetics and Insignificant Art

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69
Author(s):  
Stephanus Muller
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
South African ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Art Songs ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Small House ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Selection Of

Stephanus Le Roux Marais (1896−1979) lived in Graaff-Reinet, South Africa, for nearly a quarter of a century. He taught music at the local secondary school, composed most of his extended output of Afrikaans art songs, and painted a number of small landscapes in the garden of his small house, nestled in the bend of the Sunday’s River. Marais’s music earned him a position of cultural significance in the decades of Afrikaner dominance of South Africa. His best-known songs (“Heimwee,” “Kom dans, Klaradyn,” and “Oktobermaand”) earned him the local appellation of “the Afrikaans Schubert” and were famously sung all over the world by the soprano Mimi Coertse. The role his ouevre played in the construction of a so-called European culture in Africa is uncontested. Yet surprisingly little attention has been paid to the rich evocations of landscape encountered in Marais’s work. Contextualized by a selection of Marais’s paintings, this article glosses the index of landscape in this body of cultural production. The prevalence of landscape in Marais’s work and the range of its expression contribute novel perspectives to understanding colonial constructions of the twentieth-century South African landscape. Like the vast, empty, and ancient landscape of the Karoo, where Marais lived during the last decades of his life, his music assumes specificity not through efforts to prioritize individual expression, but through the distinct absence of such efforts. Listening for landscape in Marais’s songs, one encounters the embrace of generic musical conventions as a condition for the construction of a particular national identity. Colonial white landscape, Marais’s work seems to suggest, is deprived of a compelling musical aesthetic by its very embrace and desired possession of that landscape.

YOUTH WELLBEING IN SOUTH AFRICA: WHAT DIMENSIONS SHOULD WE MEASURE?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dabesaki Mac-Ikemenjima
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
African Cities ◽  
South African Cities ◽  
Selection Of

There is growing interest in the development of measures and indexes of youth wellbeing. However, there has been a limited discussion on indicators to measure and select them. This paper reports on the results of a qualitative study on the selection of indicators to measure the wellbeing of young people in South Africa, and reflects on the relevance of the content of their values in choosing indicators for measuring their wellbeing. The data used in this analysis is based on telephone (9) and email (6) interviews conducted with 15 young people (male=5, female=10) aged 22 to 32 from five South African cities during July 2010. In the interviews, participants were asked to identify five issues they considered important to their lives, after which they were asked to rank them in order of importance. The issues indicated by the participants are described and discussed in six dimensions: economic, relationships, spiritual and health, education, time use and material. The indicators developed from this study are discussed in terms of their relevance for use in a measure of youth wellbeing in South Africa.

Study & Experimental Analysis of Pervious Concrete In Low Volume Roads

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Suraj Pinate ◽  
Hitesh Sonawane ◽  
Jayesh Barhate ◽  
Mayur Chaudhari ◽  
Utkarsha Dhok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Low Volume
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