Development of Intrastate Inspection Selection System for Wisconsin

2001 ◽  
Vol 1779 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Robert L. Smith ◽  
Marcus H. Januario ◽  
Emil Juni
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Roadside Safety ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Starting Point

Roadside safety inspections have been an important component of federally supported programs to improve motor carrier safety. The inspection selection system (ISS) and its successor, ISS-2, were designed to help roadside inspectors target the vehicles of Interstate carriers with the worst past safety performance. ISS was used as a starting point for developing an intrastate ISS for Wisconsin. Logistics regression was used to identify the relevant independent variables. The logit model estimates the probability that a vehicle will be found to have an out-of-service (OOS) safety violation. An alternative to the logit model, a simple direct-estimation technique that uses the total OOS rate for a motor carrier, was found to produce the highest success rates in predicting inspections that result in an OOS violation. The model can be implemented as a field inspection tool and as a means to generate a list of intrastate carriers ranked by their historical OOS violation record.

Integration of the Motor Carrier Safety Status Measurement System into the Roadside Inspection Selection System

2000 ◽  
Vol 1734 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Brenda M. Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Information Systems Management ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Selection Of

The roadside Inspection Selection System (ISS) was developed in response to a 1995 congressional mandate that called for the use of prior carrier safety data to guide the selection of commercial vehicles and drivers for roadside inspections. The program was developed in part by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. As ISS has developed, FMCSA’s Performance and Registration Information Systems Management (PRISM) program has also been evolving. One objective of PRISM is to identify relatively unsafe carriers by assigning Safety Status Measurement System (SafeStat) scores and also encouraging those drivers to improve their safety performance or risk losing registration privileges. SafeStat was designed to prioritize carriers for monitoring and compliance reviews, but ISS was designed to prioritize carriers for roadside inspection. Both algorithms, however, use similar data to define a relatively unsafe carrier. It would be advantageous therefore to have a single uniform rating system for all FMCSA programs. This research briefly describes the PRISM and SafeStar algorithms; discusses the integration of the SafeStat algorithm into ISS; and presents conclusions on the initial testing of the resulting system, ISS-2. An analysis of over 213,000 roadside inspections reveals that ISS-2 is as effective as the original ISS in meeting the goals for which it was designed. It successfully identifies and prioritizes for roadside inspection the vehicles and drivers of carriers with poor prior safety performance, as well as those with few or no previous inspections. In addition, safety inspectors who have tested the system say they are pleased with the new algorithm and its added features.

Lump solutions to the BKP equation by symbolic computation

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1640028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yun Yang ◽  
Wen-Xiu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Computation ◽  
Kp Equation ◽  
Lump Solutions ◽  
Positivity Condition ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Computation Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Hirota Bilinear Form ◽  
Hirota Bilinear ◽  
Bkp Equation

Lump solutions are rationally localized in all directions in the space. A general class of lump solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional B-Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) equation is presented through symbolic computation with Maple. The Hirota bilinear form of the equation is the starting point in the computation process. Like the KP equation, the resulting lump solutions contain six arbitrary parameters. Two of the parameters are due to the translation invariances of the BKP equation with the independent variables, and the other four need to satisfy a nonzero determinant condition and the positivity condition, which guarantee analyticity and rational localization of the solutions.

scholarly journals Two Test Level 4 Bridge Railing and Transition Systems for Transverse Timber Deck Bridges

2000 ◽  
Vol 1696 (1) ◽  
pp. 334-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald K. Faller ◽  
Michael A. Ritter ◽  
Barry T. Rosson ◽  
Michael D. Fowler ◽  
Sheila R. Duwadi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Transition Systems ◽  
Roadside Safety ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Test Level ◽  
The U.S

The Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, in cooperation with the Forest Products Laboratory, which is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service, and FHWA, designed two bridge railing and approach guardrail transition systems for use on bridges with transverse glue-laminated timber decks. The bridge railing and transition systems were developed and crash tested for use on higher-service-level roadways and evaluated according to the Test Level 4 safety performance criteria presented in NCHRP Report 350: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features. The first railing system was constructed with glulam timber components, whereas the second railing system was configured with steel hardware. Eight full-scale crash tests were performed, and the bridge railing and transition systems were acceptable according to current safety standards.

scholarly journals Safety Performance Evaluation of a Three-Leg Unsignalized Intersection Using Traffic Conflict Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Jingya Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Conflict Analysis ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Minor Road ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Traffic Conflict

Traffic conflicts were used to evaluate safety performance of a three-leg unsignalized intersection. With the aid of a video camera, data were collected at the intersection and 15-second time span was used in each observation to overcome the drawbacks of traditional methods of traffic conflict analysis. Time to collision (TTC), a widely accepted indicator, was used to identify whether an interaction between two vehicles was a traffic conflict. By using Poisson regression, a prediction model for traffic conflicts at the intersection was developed. Based upon the model, assuming that other factors remain constant, when time headway or speed of eastbound traffic on major road, which is crossed by left-turning traffic from minor road, increases, the number of traffic conflicts at the intersection decreases. When volume of left-turning traffic on minor road or speed of left-turning vehicles on minor road increases, the number of traffic conflicts at the intersection increases if other factors remain constant. Explanations for the influence of the factors, which were represented by independent variables of the prediction model, were then analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Design of and Experiment with Seedling Selection System for Automatic Transplanter for Vegetable Plug Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Yongshuang Wen ◽  
Leian Zhang ◽  
Xuemei Huang ◽  
Ting Yuan ◽  
Junxiong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Fuzzy Pid Control ◽  
Plug Seedling ◽  
Adaptive Fuzzy Pid Control

In the process of vegetable plug seedling cultivation, packaging, and transportation, there may be missing, unhealthy or injured seedlings in the tray, which results in a missed planting or a low seedling survival rate after automatic transplanting. In this study, a seedling selection system with the function of seedlings identification, week seedlings elimination, and missing seedlings supplement was developed for an automatic transplanter. A plug seedling identification system based on a machine vision was used to detect vegetable plug seedlings based on the area characteristics of plug seedlings, stem leaves and plug bodies. The identification results were transmitted to a programmable logic controller (PLC), which controlled a nozzle to eliminate the unqualified seedlings from the conveyor belt lattice. When the empty conveyor belt lattice reaches the seedling throwing funnel, the rear conveyor belt lattice with the plug seedling is accelerated to ensure the continuity of seedlings supply. The adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm was used to control the stepper motor of the conveyor belt to realize accurate seedling conveying and a seedling supplement. Using 30 days pepper plug seedlings as experimental seedlings, a comparative field experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of the seedling selection system. The results showed that when the seedling selection system was turned on and the seedling extracting frequencies were 60, 80, and 100 plants/min, the success rates of plug seedling identification were 98.84%, 98.38%, and 96.99%, and the robust seedling rates were 98.05%, 97.78%, and 95.83%. The robust seedling rates were increased by 15.64%, 16.07%, and 13.89%, respectively, in contrast to turning off the seedling selection system.

scholarly journals Weighted Variables Using Best-Worst Scaling in Ordered Logit Models for Public Transit Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5318
Author(s):  
Iván Manuel Mendoza-Arango ◽  
Eneko Echaniz ◽  
Luigi dell’Olio ◽  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-González
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
Ordered Logit ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Ordered Logit Model ◽  
Specific Attribute ◽  
Best Worst Scaling ◽  
Level Of Importance

Customer overall satisfaction regarding a public transport system is dependent on the satisfaction of the users with the attributes that make up the service, as well as the contribution that each of these attributes makes to explain the overall satisfaction. A common way of analysing the contribution of service attributes to explain overall satisfaction is through the use of ordered logit or probit models. This article presents an ordered logit model that considers the weighting of independent variables through the explicit importance calculated on the basis of a best-worst case 1 choice task. For the calculation of importance, a multinomial logit model has been estimated which considers the heterogeneity of the sample through systematic variations in user tastes. In this way, it is possible to establish a level of importance of each specific attribute for each type of user. The results show that the importance varies considerably depending on different socio-economic and mobility-base variables. On the other hand, the inclusion of the weighted variables in the ordered logit model improves its fit. Therefore, the results make possible to develop policies focused on improving satisfaction on specific user targets.

Evaluation of Roadside Inspection Selection System for Commercial Vehicles

1997 ◽  
Vol 1595 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda M. Lantz ◽  
Michael W. Blevins ◽  
Thomas J. Hillegass
Keyword(s):  
Safety Data ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
Motor Carriers ◽  
Evaluation Survey ◽  
Selection Of

The development and testing of the roadside Inspection Selection System (ISS) have been in progress for more than 2 years. The ISS was developed as part of the Aspen roadside inspection software system in response to a 1995 congressional mandate calling for use of prior carrier safety data to guide in selection of commercial vehicles and drivers to undergo roadside inspections. The Aspen system includes software that helps conduct roadside inspections with portable microcomputers. Ten states were involved in the initial testing of the ISS, but a majority of states throughout the United States are now using the system. An analysis of almost 40,000 inspections conducted in 1996 revealed that the vehicle out-of-service (OOS) rate was 33.7 percent for those vehicles the ISS recommended for inspection versus 20.0 percent for those it did not. The driver OOS rate was 13.5 percent for those drivers recommended for inspection versus 9.9 percent for those not recommended. The ISS will thus help in targeting relatively unsafe carriers (as well as those for which there are insufficient data) and reduce the inspection burden on carriers proved to be safe. This means that more efficient use will be made of scarce resources by focusing on less safe vehicles and drivers. In addition, use of the ISS offers substantial benefits to society in safety and to safe motor carriers in cost savings. Presentations of the system and results of an evaluation survey completed by inspectors show the ISS to be well accepted by both inspectors and the motor carrier community.

Motivation of basketball players: a random-effects logit model for the probability of winning

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Silvia Bacci ◽  
Tijan Juraj Cvetković
Keyword(s):  
Logit Model ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
And Performance

In the sport psychology, the theories of motivation, such as the McClelland's need achievement theory and the Nicholls' achievement goal theory, play an important role in the team sports in motivating and encouraging team members. The practical implementation of these theories relies on detecting the variables that significantly affect the probability of winning so as to identify the key elements for the team motivation, the role assignment, and the decision-making process. As the relevant variables change in accordance with the type of sport, in this contribution we focus on the basketball. In detail, we consider the traditional box score of the U.S. National Basket Association (NBA) regular season games played in the seasons 2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2020-21. Each season comprises of 82 games played by each of the 30 teams, which cumulates to 4920 games. Hence, data have a multilevel structure, with multiple observations for each team. To properly address the data structure, the probability of winning is modelled through a random-intercept logit model, where teams are the upper-level units and games are the lower-level units. Among the independent variables, we take into account several possible determinants of winning, such as number of assists, number of offensive rebounds, number of defensive rebounds, number of turnovers, number of stolen balls, percentage of free throws made, number of fouls made. Moreover, we devote a special attention to the effect of two more independent variables: the number of key-players that are missing or injured and a dummy if the team plays without a day of rest between consecutive games. The study provides insights in the determinants of success of the basketball games: these results can be used by the team decision makers to assign roles that favor motivation and performance of players and of team as a whole.

Foreign Portfolio Investment Improves Performance: Evidence from the Czech Republic

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Weiss ◽  
Georgiy A Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Portfolio Investment ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Ownership Type ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Portfolio Investment ◽  
Independent Variables

Abstract When foreigners became the major shareholders of publicly traded firms in the Czech Republic, those firms experienced improvements in performance and increases in investment. In contrast, controlling for ownership type, ownership concentration had no independent effect on performance or investment. The results are robust to the estimation technique used, the choice of independent variables, and the methods used to control for selection bias.

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