Optimization of Structural Design for High-Performance Concrete Bridges

1998 ◽  
Vol 1624 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Mary Lou Ralls ◽  
Ramon L. Carrasquillo ◽  
Ned H. Burns
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Design And Construction

High-performance concrete (HPC) bridges can be cost-effective both initially and in the long term, provided the design and construction optimize the improved performance characteristics of HPC. Using the high-strength characteristic of HPC can reduce the required number and size of beams. Using the improved durability characteristics of HPC can reduce maintenance requirements and extend the service life. Practical guidelines help design and construction engineers implement HPC in bridges.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective High-Performance Concrete: Experimental Analysis on Shrinkage

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2730
Author(s):  
Barbara Kucharczyková ◽  
Dalibor Kocáb ◽  
Petr Daněk ◽  
Ivailo Terzijski
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
First Case

This paper focuses on the experimental determination of the shrinkage process in Self-Compacting High-Performance Concrete (SCC HPC) exposed to dry air and autogenous conditions. Special molds with dimensions of 100 mm × 60 mm × 1000 mm and 50 mm × 50 mm × 300 mm equipped with one movable head are used for the measurement. The main aim of this study is to compare the shrinkage curves of SCC HPC, which were obtained by using different measurement devices and for specimens of different sizes. In addition, two different times t0 are considered for the data evaluation to investigate the influence of this factor on the absolute value of shrinkage. In the first case, t0 is the time of the start of measurement, in the second case, t0 is the setting time. The early-shrinkage (48 h) is continuously measured using inductive sensors leant against the movable head and with strain gauges embedded inside the test specimen. To monitor the long term shrinkage, the specimens are equipped with special markers, embedded into the specimens’ upper surface or ends. These markers serve as measurement bases for the measurement using mechanical strain gauges. The test specimens are demolded after 48 h and the long term shrinkage is monitored using the embedded strain gauges (inside the specimens) and mechanical strain gauges that are placed, in regular intervals, onto the markers embedded into the specimens’ surface or ends. The results show that both types of measurement equipment give a similar result in the case of early age measurement, especially for the specimens cured under autogenous conditions. However, the early age and especially long term measurement are influenced by the position of the measurement sensors, particularly in the case of specimens cured under dry air conditions. It was proven that the time t0 have a fundamental influence on the final values of the shrinkage of investigated SCC HPC and have a significant impact on the conclusions on the size effect.

scholarly journals A review study on sustainable development of ultra high-performance concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-35
Author(s):  
Ashhad Imam ◽  
◽  
Keshav K Sharma ◽  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
Neeraj Singh
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Hostile Environments

<abstract> <p>A systematic literature review was undertaken in this report to illustrate the development concepts and properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). UHPC's affluent development relies on its compositional content, water–binder (w/b) ratio, and design mix approach, which contributes to denser and comparatively more homogeneous packaging of particles. Numerous research studies from around the world were used to compile a database on UHPC mechanical and durability properties. Moreover, the results of this study reveal that the curing conditions, aggregates, fibre dosage and characteristics, and curing time are the most important elements in determining the mechanical and durability qualities of UHPC. Furthermore, due to its ultra-high-strength features, superior fatigue behavior, and extremely low porosity, UHPC is considered a practical and long-term alternative for improved sustainable building, resulting in increased resilience to hostile environments. Besides that, attempts are being taken to resolve existing challenges (such as high initial costs, a lack of skills, and a lack of design code) and their solutions to their widespread economic use. This study aims to help architects, builders, and other construction stakeholders better grasp UHPC's basic features and capacities, which will help to understand this durable and long-lasting building material.</p> </abstract>

Implementation of High Strength-High Performance Concrete in Two Texas Highway Overpass Structures: Critical Comparison

2000 ◽  
Vol 1696 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn P. Gross ◽  
Ned H. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
The North ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

Two prestressed concrete highway overpass structures, the Louetta Road Overpass and the North Concho River Overpass, were recently constructed in Texas. The structures were built with high strength–high performance concrete (HS-HPC) with nominal strengths of up to 61 MPa (8,800 psi) at release of prestress and 97 MPa (14,000 psi) at 56 days. The use of HS-HPC, in addition to the use of prestressing strands that measured 15 mm (0.6 in.) in diameter, allowed for the accommodation of longer spans and larger girder spacing than are typical for similar designs with conventional concrete. As a result, the structural designs were extremely efficient when compared with the conventional designs. In addition, use of HPC in bridge decks is expected to result in reduced maintenance requirements and a longer service life for each bridge, thereby reducing life-cycle costs. Although HPC is used in both structures to increase structural efficiency and reduce projected life-cycle costs, the structures are quite different and represent unique applications of HPC. Both structures were instrumented as part of an extensive research program, and data were collected on prestress losses, camber and deflections, concrete strains, and concrete temperatures in several actual bridge girders. These data, in combination with observations regarding practical issues such as fabrication, handling, and overall construction costs, are used to compare and contrast the use of HPC in the two bridges. A brief set of recommendations for the use of HPC in future highway bridge projects is also presented.

Research on Creep Performance of C60 High Performance Concrete

2009 ◽  
Vol 405-406 ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Jian Yin ◽  
Yi Jin Li ◽  
Ke Ren Zheng ◽  
Shi Dong Luo ◽  
Ai Guo Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Creep Coefficient ◽  
Term Creep

It was tested creep performance of C60 high strength concrete and C60 HPC to calculate the long-term creep of C60 HPC accurately, which was combined with engineering construction of Yichang Chang Jiang Railway Bridge. It was concluded the creep degree and creep coefficient of C60 HPC by means of optimization fit calculation, which gives scientific foundation for the design and construction of this bridge.

Bestimmung der Dauerhaftigkeit von Hochleistungsbeton mit Hilfe des CDF-Tests / Determination of the durability of high performance concrete by means of CDF-test

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
R. Krumbach ◽  
U. Schmelter ◽  
K. Seyfarth
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Factors Influencing

Abstract Variable obsen>ations concerning frost resistance of high performance concrete have been made. The question arises which are the decisive factors influencing durability under the action of frost and de-icing salt. The proposed experiments are to be carried out in cooperation with F.A.- Finger - Institute of Bauhaus University Weimar. The aim of this study is to determine possible change of durability of high strength concrete, and to investigate the origin thereof. Measures to reduce the risk of reduced durability have to be found.

scholarly journals Hugoniot Data and Equation of State Parameters for an Ultra-High Performance Concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sauer ◽  
F. Bagusat ◽  
M.-L. Ruiz-Ripoll ◽  
C. Roller ◽  
M. Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Shock Response ◽  
Particle Velocities

AbstractThis work aims at the characterization of a modern concrete material. For this purpose, we perform two experimental series of inverse planar plate impact (PPI) tests with the ultra-high performance concrete B4Q, using two different witness plate materials. Hugoniot data in the range of particle velocities from 180 to 840 m/s and stresses from 1.1 to 7.5 GPa is derived from both series. Within the experimental accuracy, they can be seen as one consistent data set. Moreover, we conduct corresponding numerical simulations and find a reasonably good agreement between simulated and experimentally obtained curves. From the simulated curves, we derive numerical Hugoniot results that serve as a homogenized, mean shock response of B4Q and add further consistency to the data set. Additionally, the comparison of simulated and experimentally determined results allows us to identify experimental outliers. Furthermore, we perform a parameter study which shows that a significant influence of the applied pressure dependent strength model on the derived equation of state (EOS) parameters is unlikely. In order to compare the current results to our own partially reevaluated previous work and selected recent results from literature, we use simulations to numerically extrapolate the Hugoniot results. Considering their inhomogeneous nature, a consistent picture emerges for the shock response of the discussed concrete and high-strength mortar materials. Hugoniot results from this and earlier work are presented for further comparisons. In addition, a full parameter set for B4Q, including validated EOS parameters, is provided for the application in simulations of impact and blast scenarios.

scholarly journals Abrasion Resistance of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete for Railway Sleepers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariful Hasnat ◽  
Nader Ghafoori
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the abrasion resistance of ultra-high-performance concretes (UHPCs) for railway sleepers. Test samples were made with different cementitious material combinations and varying steel fiber contents and shapes, using conventional fine aggregate. A total of 25 UHPCs and two high-strength concretes (HSCs) were selected to evaluate their depth of wear and bulk properties. The results of the coefficient of variation (CV), relative gain in abrasion, and abrasion index of the studied UHPCs were also obtained and discussed. Furthermore, a comparison was made on the resistance to wear of the selected UHPCs with those of the HSCs typically used for prestressed concrete sleepers. The outcomes of this study revealed that UHPCs displayed excellent resistance against abrasion, well above that of HSCs. Amongst the utilized cementitious material combinations, UHPCs made with silica fume as a partial replacement of cement performed best against abrasion, whereas mixtures containing fly ash showed the highest depth of wear. The addition of steel fibers had a more positive influence on the abrasion resistance than it did on compressive strength of the studied UHPCs.

Accelerated testing of super lightweight UHPC waffle deck under heavy vehicle simulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Sahar Ghasemi ◽  
Amir Mirmiran ◽  
Yulin Xiao ◽  
Kevin Mackie
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Simulator ◽  
Pavement Testing ◽  
Heavy Vehicle Simulator

A super lightweight deck can enhance load rating and functionality of a bridge, especially those identified as structurally deficient. This study was aimed to develop and experimentally validate a novel bridge deck as an ultra-lightweight low-profile waffle slab of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) with either carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) or high strength steel (HSS) reinforcement. The proposed system lends itself to accelerated bridge construction, rapid deck replacement in bridges with load restrictions, and bridge widening applications without the need to replace girders. Performance and failure modes of the proposed deck were initially assessed through extensive lab experiments and finite element analysis, which together confirmed that the proposed deck panel meets the AASHTO LRFD requirements. The proposed deck system is not susceptible to punching shear of its thin slab and fails in a rather ductile manner. To evaluate its long-term performance, the system was further tested under the dynamic impact of wheel load at the Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT) facility of the Florida Department of Transportation using a Heavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS).

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