Analysis of Freeway Accident Detection

1997 ◽  
Vol 1603 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Corby ◽  
F. F. Saccomanno
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Time To Detection ◽  
Freeway Incidents ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Accident Detection

Instrumented traffic management can assist in the detection of freeway incidents and reduce the time required to initiate effective traffic management strategies and emergency response measures. Although instrumented freeway traffic management is concerned primarily with general incidents, reportable vehicle accidents are the focus of this research. Reportable accidents account for 20 percent of all freeway incidents and give rise to much of the nonrecurrent traffic congestion experienced on many freeways. Explored here is how the use of various accident-detection criteria, such as change in speed, vehicle occupancy, and traffic volume, affects the time to detection for a mix of factors (preaccident traffic characteristics, accident lane-blockage pattern, position and distance of detector with respect to each accident). A representative sample of Toronto freeway accidents for 1994 was analyzed using analysis of variance. The results of this analysis suggest ways in which instrumented detection of freeway accidents can be made more efficient by reducing the time to detection.

Road Traffic Congestion (TraCo) Estimation Using Multi-Layer Continuous Virtual Loop (MCVL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-71
Author(s):  
Manipriya Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Mala C. ◽  
Samson Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Detection ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Traffic Video ◽  
Virtual Loop

Any road traffic management application of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) requires traffic characteristics data such as vehicle density, speed, etc. This paper proposes a robust and novel vehicle detection framework known as multi-layer continuous virtual loop (MCVL) that uses computer vision techniques on road traffic video to estimate traffic characteristics. Estimations of traffic data such as speed, area occupancy and an exclusive spatial feature named as corner detail value (CDV) acquired using MCVL are proposed. Further, the estimation of traffic congestion (TraCo) level using these parameters is also presented. The performances of the entire framework and TraCo estimation are evaluated using several benchmark traffic video datasets and the results are presented. The results show that the improved accuracy in vehicle detection process using MCVL subsequently improves the precision of TraCo estimation. This also means that the proposed framework is well suited to applications that need traffic characteristics to update their traffic information system in real time.

scholarly journals The Management of Urban Freeway Traffic

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Urban Freeway ◽  
And Control ◽  
Alternate Routes

The advent of computer-controlled electronic freeway surveillance and control systems in the past decade represents a potentially significant new operational tool for traffic engineers in large urban areas. These systems are capable of responding to rapidly changing traffic conditions and in various demonstration projects they have proven useful in maintaining an acceptable level of service for freeway operations, reducing the extent and duration of traffic congestion, minimizing the adverse effects of accidents and other incidents on traffic operations, and reducing accident experience. Surveillance system goals and techniques for achieving these goals are reviewed in this paper with particular emphasis on the problem of managing unexpected capacity-reducing incident situations. Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of detecting incidents from traffic flow data, which is desirable for surveillance purposes because this information can be used to implement control strategies which attempt in real-time to divert some freeway traffic to alternate routes. Some of the operational problems involved with freeway traffic management are discussed, particularly the generation of false alarms by detection algorithms and driver willingness to be diverted to alternate routes.

scholarly journals Identify Optimal Traffic Condition and Speed Limit for Hard Shoulder Running Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Fan Ding ◽  
Huachun Tan ◽  
Bin Ran
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Mean Shift ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

Highway system is experiencing increasing traffic congestion with fast-growing number of vehicles in metropolitan areas. Implementing traffic management strategies such as utilizing the hard shoulder as an extra lane could increase highway capacity without extra construction work. This paper presents a method of determining an optimal traffic condition and speed limit of opening hard shoulder. Firstly, the traffic states are clustered using K-Means, mean shift, agglomerative and spectral clustering methods, and the optimal clustering algorithm is selected using indexes including the silhouette score, Davies-Bouldin Index and Caliski-Harabaz Score. The results suggested that the clustering effect of using K-Means method with three categories is optimal. Then, cellular automata model is used to simulate traffic conditions before and after the hard shoulder running strategy is applied. The parameters of the model, including the probabilities of random deceleration, slow start and lane change, are calibrated using real traffic data. Four indicators including the traffic volume, the average speed, the variance of speed, and the travel time of emergency rescue vehicles during traffic accident obtained using the cellular automata model are used to evaluate various hard shoulder running strategies. By using factor analysis and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) methods, the optimal traffic condition and speed limit of opening hard shoulder could be determined. This method could be applied to highway segments of various number of lanes and different speed limits to optimize the hard shoulder running strategy for highway management.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kebijakan ““4 in 1”” terhadap Kinerja Persimpangan Jl Dr. Djunjunan – Tol Pasteur dengan Menggunakan Simulasi Mikro

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrean Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
City Government ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Mean Delay ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Traffic Signal Timing

ABSTRAKKebijakan “4 in 1” diterapkan sebagai salah satu solusi untuk permasalahan kemacetan di kota Bandung. Adapun tujuan dari penerapan kebijakan “4 in 1” adalah meningkatkan kinerja persimpangan Tol Pasteur – Jl. Dr Djunjunan atau Simpang Pasteur. Untuk analisis kinerja Simpang Pasteur, digunakan model simulasi mikro dengan perangkat Paramics. Analisis dilakukan terhadap dua kondisi yaitu kondisi dengan kebijakan “4 in 1” dan kondisi tanpa kebijakan “4 in 1”. Terjadi pengurangan panjang antrian maksimum sebesar 148,79 meter dan tundaan rata-rata simpang sebesar 7,6 detik. Lalu, dilakukan pengubahan waktu sinyal untuk meningkatkan kinerja simpang Pasteur . Waktu siklus yang didapat sebesar 52 detik, dengan rincian waktu hijau fase satu dan dua sebesar 15 detik dan fase tiga sebesar 14 detik. Dengan waktu siklus terbaik ini dapat menghasilkan pengurangan panjang antrian maksimum sebesar 239 meter dan tundaan rata-rata simpang sebesar 46 detik.Kata kunci: simulasi, mikro, antrian, tundaan, sinyal  ABSTRACTBandung city government recently applied “4 in 1” strategy as one of city's traffic management strategies to resolve traffic congestion that occurs at many city's main streets. By applying that rule, hopefully it will reduces, even eliminates traffic congestion that usually occurs at Dr. Djunjunan street during peak hours. Since the program prohibits any passenger cars that carry less than 4 passengers to cross Dr. Djunjunan street, it will affects every street at Pasteur signalized intersection and the intersection itself. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze Pasteur signalized intersection's performance before and after the application of “4 in 1” strategy. The analysis was conducted using micro-simulation model that generated from Paramics software.The analysis was conducted in two condition, with or without “4 in 1” strategy. Results from analysis indicates that there will be 148,79 meter difference of maximum length of queue and 7,6 seconds difference of mean delay time between those two condition at Pasteur signalized intersection. The analysis also conducted by changing traffic signal timing in order to obtain better performance of Pasteur signalized intersection. Results from analysis indicates that there will be 239 meter reduction of maximum length of queue and 46 second of mean delay time.Keywords: simulation, micro, queue, delay, signal.

scholarly journals To Examine the Traffic Characteristics of Urban Area and Provide Solution with Simulation Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 525-527
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Time ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
State Highway ◽  
The City

Traffic Congestion is a situation of transportation system that results in slow speed of vehicles, take large time for trip and increase vehicle quening. In metro city, traffic congestion is the major problem. Pune comes in metropolitan city. The increasing number of vehicles in the metro city leads to traffic congestion. Thus, there is need of proper traffic management in the city. The objective of this research work is to study the traffic characteristics of urban area and provide simulation technique. The study is based on traffic data collected for 8 days during peak and non-peak hours. Different study is carried out to find out the problem statement like volume study, travel time studies, parking studies, delay studies, pedestrian studies, and accident studies. The study is divided in four major parts like Causes of traffic congestion in urban area, remedial measure to avoid traffic congestion. Current IRC specification on SH-27, and new traffic strategies can be implemented by Simulation of Urban Mobility SUMO - for analysis before they are using in real word simulation. In this research paper, we comparatively study the Indian Road Congress (IRC) SP:84-2014 for state highway 27 i.e.Nagar road and that study is divided into the 12 major points .

scholarly journals Implementation of Different Traffic Management Strategies on Major Roads for the Improvement of Traffic Flow in Lahore City

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nazam Ali ◽  
Hashir Zia ◽  
Hamza Bin Sarwar ◽  
Zafar Baig ◽  
Muhammad Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Design Practices ◽  
Traffic Delays ◽  
The City ◽  
Lahore City

Traffic congestion causes many socio-economic problems in developing nations. One of the main causes of traffic congestion can be attributed to poor design practices. In the last few years, Lahore city has expanded haphazardly where the allocation of resources was done based on political will instead of feasible design practices. This haphazard growth coupled with a poor design resulted in traffic congestion on the main roads of the city. In this study, simulations using different traffic management design strategies were carried out on major roads to check if traffic delays and Level of Service (LOS) can be improved. The most feasible designs based on the simulated results were proposed for the improvement of the existing infrastructure designs. These findings suggested that Akbar Chowk and Jinnah Hospital Intersection have greatly reduced the traffic delay time by 92.97% and 92.67%, respectively. Policymakers can utilize these simulated results for future design guidelines to accommodate the future growth of traffic on these arterial roads.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sector Framework to Boost the Sustainable Implementation of Integrated Transport and Spatial Strategies to Improve Safety and Mobility of Moto-Taxi Riders

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murungi Elizabeth Mwebesa ◽  
Chun-Chen Chou ◽  
Kento Yoh ◽  
Kenji Doi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Road User ◽  
African Cities ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
New City

Globally, motorcycle riders make up the biggest percentage of vulnerable road user fatalities. The percentages are higher in African cities where moto-taxi transport is not only the most readily available mode of transport but also a source of income for many especially the youth. Many African cities are re-strategizing on how to sustainably deal with problems like traffic congestion, unplanned development, flooding, air and noise pollution. The authors carried out a questionnaire survey targeting a variety of road safety stakeholders to identify road safety solutions that they think best fit the current situation. Another questionnaire survey targeting moto-taxi riders was carried out, and the data analyzed by SEM to identify how different solutions interact to affect the behavior of riders. Results show that education and training programs have the biggest effect on improving behavior of riders as they adapt to new city regulations such as zoning. Other aspects such as presence of customers, behavior of other road users, road environment were also explored. Currently, city authorities in some developing nations are looking to introduce spatial regulations such as zoning and traffic management strategies such as exclusive lanes. Therefore, the contribution of this study is a proposal of a combination of solutions that different road safety stakeholders in developing countries can contribute toward the sustainable improvement of the safety of riders.

Quantifying the Mobility Benefits of Express Lanes using Real-Time Traffic Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (11) ◽  
pp. 414-423
Author(s):  
Cecilia Kadeha ◽  
Priyanka Alluri ◽  
Thobias Sando
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Transportation Agencies ◽  
Express Lanes

Traffic congestion is one of the major problems facing transportation agencies, especially in urban areas. Agencies are exploring ways to use the existing transportation infrastructure efficiently by deploying appropriate traffic management strategies. One of these strategies is the use of express lanes, which are expected to effectively mitigate congestion and increase the reliability of highway facilities. Express lanes are managed toll lanes, separated from general-purpose lanes within a freeway facility. The goal of this study was to quantify the mobility benefits of express lanes by comparing the performance of express lanes with that of their adjacent general-purpose lanes, and by assessing the performance of the general-purpose lanes when the express lanes were open versus when the express lanes were closed. The Buffer Index (BI), a travel time reliability measure, was selected as the performance measure. The analysis was based on 95Express, express lanes along I-95 in Miami, Florida. Overall, the results indicated that BIs for the express lanes were significantly lower than the BIs for the general-purpose lanes, and the BIs for the general-purpose lanes were significantly lower when the express lanes were open compared with the periods when the express lanes were closed. The study results showed mobility improvements on both the express lanes and the general-purpose lanes, although the extent of the improvements varied by direction (i.e., northbound and southbound) and time of day (i.e., a.m. peak, p.m. peak, daytime off-peak, and nighttime off-peak). Transportation agencies may use these findings to quantify and evaluate the mobility benefits of the express lanes and the general-purpose lanes on express lane facilities.

Development of Decision Support System for Integrated Active Traffic Management Systems Considering Travel Time Reliability

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whoibin Chung ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Aty ◽  
Ho-Chul Park ◽  
Qing Cai ◽  
Mdhasibur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Support System ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Conditions

A new decision support system (DSS) using travel time reliability was developed for integrated active traffic management (IATM) including freeways and arterials. The DSS consists of recommendation and evaluation of response plans. The DSS also includes three representative traffic management strategies: variable speed limits, queue warning, and ramp metering. The recommendation of response plans for recurring traffic congestion was generated from the logics of the three strategies. The evaluation of response plans was conducted by travel time reliability through the prediction of traffic conditions with response plans. The near-future prediction of traffic conditions with control strategies was conducted through METANET for freeways and arterials. The developed DSS was evaluated under three types of traffic congestion: extreme, heavy, and moderate. According to the evaluation results, the developed DSS recommended an IATM strategy with the highest synergistic relationships in real time and contributed to enhancing the effectiveness of the IATM strategies. It was confirmed that arterials should have the allowable residual capacity for the improvement of traffic flow of the entire corridor network. Furthermore, the DSS demonstrated a more balanced traffic condition between freeways and arterials.

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