Reliability-Based Performance Model for Large Bridge Component Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 1582 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
P. D. Destefano ◽  
D. A. Grivas
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
New York State ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Normal Loading ◽  
Rate Analysis

A method for modeling the performance of large bridge components subjected to normal loading and deterioration effects using reliability engineering techniques is presented. Development of the method was motivated by the need to advance a practical performance model for large bridge rehabilitation decision analysis. The modeling scope includes three basic elements: performance assessment, system modeling, and failure rate analysis. Two fundamental assumptions of the developed performance model are that (a) bridge components are systems of independent critical elements and (b) each element’s failure rate is constant throughout its functional service life. The model is used to qualitatively assess the performance of bridge components with respect to reliability and enables the estimation of two important rehabilitation planning indices, functional service life and expected damage. An application of the model is illustrated in an example involving a comparative evaluation of the performance of two large bridge deck systems. The bridges selected have similar traffic, maintenance, and environmental conditions; however, they have significantly different design characteristics. It is concluded that the performance model provides a viable approach to qualitative and quantitative evaluation of bridge performance over time. The research efforts described are part of a larger, comprehensive project to develop and enhance the bridge management system of the New York State Thruway Authority.

scholarly journals Understanding Technology, Fuel, Market and Policy Drivers for New York State’s Power Sector Transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Mine Isik ◽  
P. Ozge Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
New York State ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Energy System Modeling

A thorough understanding of the drivers that affect the emission levels from electricity generation, support sound design and the implementation of further emission reduction goals are presented here. For instance, New York State has already committed a transition to 100% clean energy by 2040. This paper identifies the relationships among driving factors and the changes in emissions levels between 1990 and 2050 using the logarithmic mean divisia index analysis. The analysis relies on historical data and outputs from techno-economic-energy system modeling to elucidate future power sector pathways. Three scenarios, including a business-as-usual scenario and two policy scenarios, explore the changes in utility structure, efficiency, fuel type, generation, and emission factors, considering the non-fossil-based technology options and air regulations. We present retrospective and prospective analysis of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions for the New York State’s power sector. Based on our findings, although the intensity varies by period and emission type, in aggregate, fossil fuel mix change can be defined as the main contributor to reduce emissions. Electricity generation level variations and technical efficiency have relatively smaller impacts. We also observe that increased emissions due to nuclear phase-out will be avoided by the onshore and offshore wind with a lower fraction met by solar until 2050.

Design of the Governor Mario M. Cuomo Bridge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preston D. Vineyard ◽  
Brad J. Pease ◽  
Don Bergman ◽  
Armin Schemmann ◽  
Jacob E. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Service Life ◽  
New York State ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
York State ◽  
Class Project ◽  
World Class ◽  
Service Life Design ◽  
Life Design ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

<p>The Governor Mario M. Cuomo Bridge has replaced the existing Tappan Zee Bridge in New York. The new bridge was built by Tappan Zee Constructors, LLC. and is owned and operated by the New York State Thruway Authority (NYSTA). The new bridge is a 3.1 mile long crossing of the Hudson River and has an iconic main span structure, consisting of twin cable-stayed bridges, with 1,200’ main spans and 515’ side spans. Each new bridge carries four traffic lanes and the new crossing has been designed to accommodate the future addition of a rail bridge between the roadway decks. Utilizing a probabilistic-based service life design approach, the new bridge has been designed for a minimum 100-year service life before major maintenance for non- replaceable components, such as the foundations, sub-and superstructures. This paper provides the design features of the main span bridge and describes the design solutions, such as the use of fib Bulletin No. 34 to address the Service Life Design of the concrete components to address the durability challenges of this world- class project.</p>

scholarly journals Allocation of Ventilators in a Public Health Disaster

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tia Powell ◽  
Kelly C. Christ ◽  
Guthrie S. Birkhead
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New York ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Task Force ◽  
New York State ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
York State Department ◽  
York State

ABSTRACTBackground: In a public health emergency, many more patients could require mechanical ventilators than can be accommodated.Methods: To plan for such a crisis, the New York State Department of Health and the New York State Task Force on Life and the Law convened a workgroup to develop ethical and clinical guidelines for ventilator triage.Results: The workgroup crafted an ethical framework including the following components: duty to care, duty to steward resources, duty to plan, distributive justice, and transparency. Incorporating the ethical framework, the clinical guidelines propose both withholding and withdrawing ventilators from patients with the highest probability of mortality to benefit patients with the highest likelihood of survival. Triage scores derive from the sepsis-related organ failure assessment system, which assigns points based on function in 6 basic medical domains. Triage may not be implemented by a facility without clear permission from public health authorities.Conclusions: New York State released the draft guidelines for public comment, allowing for revision to reflect both community values and medical innovation. This ventilator triage system represents a radical shift from ordinary standards of care, and may serve as a model for allocating other scarce resources in disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:20–26)

Multicriteria Optimization Method for Network-Level Bridge Management

1996 ◽  
Vol 1561 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ravirala ◽  
D. A. Grivas ◽  
A. Madan ◽  
B. C. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
New York State ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Goal Programming Model

A multicriteria optimization method for analyzing important capital investment decisions involved in managing bridge infrastructure is presented. The condition assessment and decision variables of the method can be adapted to analyze a population of small and medium-size bridges or a population of spans of a large bridge. Condition ratings of various bridge structural elements are used to assess the condition needs of four major components. Subsequent use of this information leads to characterization of bridge condition by defining bridge states. State increment models are used to identify suitable treatment options for each state and predict the variable time over which state increments (or transitions) occur. These state increment models are incorporated into an optimization method that has three major steps: (a) identification of objective functions representing the multiple decision criteria, (b) assessment of the importance of each objective in achieving the numerical goals targeted by decision makers, and (c) formulation of a goal programming model. The goal program determines an optimal multi-year bridge program that minimizes the weighted sum of deviations from goals. Important results from the analysis of capital program scenarios for more than 800 small and medium-size bridges managed by the New York State Thruway Authority are presented. It is concluded that the multicriteria optimization method provides a useful tool to analyze multiple goal-oriented scenarios for a bridge capital program and establish a relationship between average network condition rating and total expenditure.

How Good are Clinical Laboratories? An Assessment of Current Performance

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1210-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Rej ◽  
R W Jenny
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
New York State ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Clinical Laboratories

Abstract The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1967 and Amendments of 1988 (CLIA '67 and CLIA '88) were enacted to ensure that clinical laboratories within the U.S. provide a quality of service that meets clinical needs for good patient care. Approved proficiency-testing programs are to judge the quality of laboratory testing by promulgated performance criteria. We examine the quality of analytical results reported in 1991 to the New York State Department of Health Proficiency Testing program in light of these criteria and analytical goals, based on medical usefulness. Analytical performance is examined for cholesterol, potassium, sodium, calcium, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, digoxin, and theophylline. In general, proposed CLIA '88 performance standards are compatible with the current state of practice for the population of laboratories examined. Exceptions appear to be digoxin and sodium (failure rate exceeding average) and most therapeutic substances (low failure rate). Sources of analytical bias relative to an accuracy-based target value must be characterized as method-, laboratory-, or matrix-dependent if regulatory programs are to achieve the objective of improving analytical accuracy across all testing sites.

scholarly journals A Strategic Move for Long-Term Bridge Performance within a Game Theory Framework by a Data-Driven Co-Active Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
O. Brian Oyegbile ◽  
Mi G. Chorzepa
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
New York ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Active Mechanism ◽  
Bridge Performance ◽  
Theory Framework

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requires that states have less than 10% of the total deck area that is structurally deficient. It is a minimum risk benchmark for sustaining the National Highway System bridges. Yet, a decision-making framework is needed for obtaining the highest possible long-term return from investments on bridge maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement (MRR). This study employs a data-driven coactive mechanism within a proposed game theory framework, which accounts for a strategic interaction between two players, the FHWA and a state Department of Transportation (DOT). The payoffs for the two players are quantified in terms of a change in service life. The proposed framework is used to investigate the element-level bridge inspection data from four US states (Georgia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and New York). By reallocating 0.5% (from 10% to 10.5%) of the deck resources to expansion joints and joint seals, both federal and state transportation agencies (e.g., FHWA and state DOTs in the U.S.) will be able to improve the overall bridge performance. This strategic move in turn improves the deck condition by means of a co-active mechanism and yields a higher payoff for both players. It is concluded that the proposed game theory framework with a strategic move, which leverages element interactions for MRR, is most effective in New York where the average bridge service life is extended by 15 years. It is also concluded that the strategic move can lead to vastly different outcomes. Pennsylvania’s concrete bridge management strategy currently appears to leverage a co-active mechanism in its bridge MRR strategies. This is noteworthy because its bridges are exposed to similar environmental conditions to what is obtainable in Virginia and New York and are subjected to more aggressive weather conditions than those in Georgia. This study illustrates how a strategic move affects the payoffs of different players by numerically quantifying changes in service life from bridge time-dependent bridge performance relationships.

Cultural Competence Needed to Distinguish Disorder from Difference: Beyond Kumbaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine J. Crowley ◽  
Kristin Guest ◽  
Kenay Sudler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
York City ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
New York State ◽  
Deep Understanding

What does it mean to have true cultural competence as an speech-language pathologist (SLP)? In some areas of practice it may be enough to develop a perspective that values the expectations and identity of our clients and see them as partners in the therapeutic process. But when clinicians are asked to distinguish a language difference from a language disorder, cultural sensitivity is not enough. Rather, in these cases, cultural competence requires knowledge and skills in gathering data about a student's cultural and linguistic background and analyzing the student's language samples from that perspective. This article describes one American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)-accredited graduate program in speech-language pathology and its approach to putting students on the path to becoming culturally competent SLPs, including challenges faced along the way. At Teachers College, Columbia University (TC) the program infuses knowledge of bilingualism and multiculturalism throughout the curriculum and offers bilingual students the opportunity to receive New York State certification as bilingual clinicians. Graduate students must demonstrate a deep understanding of the grammar of Standard American English and other varieties of English particularly those spoken in and around New York City. Two recent graduates of this graduate program contribute their perspectives on continuing to develop cultural competence while working with diverse students in New York City public schools.

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