scholarly journals AGROECOLOGICAL SOIL STATUS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS WITH MONOCULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Valeriy Pinchuk ◽  
◽  
Lyudmyla Symochko ◽  
Nadiya Palapa ◽  
Oleksiy Ustymenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Status

Effects of green manure plants, grown as second crops, on soil status parameters in unfavourable locations

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Péter Mikó ◽  
Csaba Gyuricza
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Soil Status

2005–2010 között a Szent István Egyetem Növénytermesztési és Biomasszahasznosítási Bemutató Központjában Gödöllőn másodvetésű zöldtrágyázási kísérletekben vizsgáltuk különböző zöldtrágyanövények (facélia, mustár és olajretek) hatását a talajellenállásra, a talajnedvességre, illetve a gyökérfejlődését. A 2009. száraz, és a 2010. nedves évek kivételével az átlagos évjáratokban minden zöldtrágyanövénynél szignifikánsan nagyobb talajellenállást mértünk, mint a kontrollnál. A zöldtrágyanövények gyökérzete a rövid vegetációs idő miatt csak a talaj felső rétegét hálózta be, ugyanakkor a különbség a gyökerezési mélység alatt, még a 40–50 cm-es talajrétegben is kimutatható volt. A talajnedvesség-mérés egyik évben sem mutatott statisztikai különbséget a kezelések között. Az őszi bedolgozás után tavasszal ismételten elvégzett mérések során sem a talajellenállás, sem a talajnedvesség esetében nem lehetett szignifikáns különbséget kimutatni a kezelések között. A növényborítottság miatt fellépő nagyobb talajellenállás oka, hogy a gyökérzet oldalirányú növekedésével nyomást gyakorolt a talajra. A növények bedolgozását követően a zöld növényi gyökerek gyorsan elbomlottak, a helyükön kialakuló szerkezetes talaj ellenállása pedig tavaszra megegyezett a kontrolléval. A kutatás több paraméterre kiterjedő eredményei alapján mindhárom növényfajt alkalmasnak találtuk zöldtrágyázásra, de talajba dolgozásukat csak későősszel javasoljuk, és lehetőség szerint csak tavaszi vetésű kultúra kövesse azokat.

scholarly journals Soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean forests after fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Fernández-García ◽  
Elena Marcos ◽  
Sara Huerta ◽  
Leonor Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Mediterranean Forests ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
P Content ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Soil Status

Abstract Background Wildfires are one of the major environmental concerns in Mediterranean ecosystems. Thus, many studies have addressed wildfire impacts on soil and vegetation in Mediterranean forests, but the linkages between these ecosystem compartments after fire are not well understood. The aim of this work is to analyze soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean burned forests as well as the consistency of these relationships among forests with different environmental conditions, at different times after fire, and among vegetation with different functional traits. Results Our results indicate that study site conditions play an important role in mediating soil-vegetation relationships. Likewise, we found that the nature of soil-vegetation relationships may vary over time as fire effects are less dominant in both ecosystem compartments. Despite this, we detected several common soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and times after fire. For instance, our results revealed that available P content and stoichiometry (C:P and N:P) were closely linked to vegetation growth, and particularly to the growth of trees. We found that enzymatic activities and microbial biomass were inversely related to vegetation growth rates, whereas the specific activities of soil enzymes were higher in the areas with more vegetation height and cover. Likewise, our results suggest that resprouters may influence soil properties more than seeders, the growth of seeders being more dependent on soil status. Conclusions We provide pioneer insights into how vegetation is influenced by soil, and vice-versa, in Mediterranean burned areas. Our results reflect variability in soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and time after fire, but consistent patterns between soil properties and vegetation were also detected. Our research is highly relevant to advance in forest science and could be useful to achieve efficient post-fire management.

scholarly journals Cashew Growth and Canopy Dynamics as Influenced by Manuring in a Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Beatrice Abanum Nduka ◽  
Olorunfemi Sunday Ojo Akanbi ◽  
Idrisu Mohammed ◽  
Seun Adewale Adeosun ◽  
Osasogie Ugioro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A two-year experiment was conducted to study the response of manuring on growth and canopy development on three-year-old Cashew trees. The experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design, with three replications. Soil characteristics including the chemical and physical properties were analyzed before and after the experiments. Fecti-plus organic pelletized fertilizer was applied at different rates of 0,750.6 and 1,501.2 kg/ha-1 respectively around the circumference of the tree. Before the application, the fertilizer sample was also analyzed. Data collected were plant height, stem girth, canopy dynamics which includes: Canopy diameter, canopy radius, canopy spread (North-South and East-West directions), canopy volume, canopy ground cover and percentage ground cover. The results from the pre soil sample show a relatively low status but were significantly enhanced after the application of the pelletized organic fertilizer (Ferti-plus). The soil nutrient composition of Oc, Om, N, K, Na, Ca and Mg+ was significantly highest in the plots having 1,501.2 kg/ha-1 treatments. Generally, there was a significant increase in the soil nutrient with the addition of pelletized fertilizer in respective of the rate of application. Also the results on the canopy dynamic in terms of canopy volume, spread and diameter revealed better development with the use of 1501.2 kg/ha-1 pelletized fertilizer and significantly different to 750.6 kg/ha-1 and those in the no-manure (control)plots. Meanwhile, the use of pelletized organic fertilizer gave superior growth and canopy development. It also influenced the growth of the Cashew plants, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the soil status.

scholarly journals Diversity, trait preferences, management and utilization of yams landraces (Dioscorea species): an orphan crop in DR Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris I Adejumobi ◽  
Paterne AGRE ◽  
Didy O. Anautshu ◽  
Joseph G. Adheka ◽  
Mokonzi G. Banbanota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dr Congo ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Germplasm Diversity ◽  
Dioscorea Species ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Orphan Crop

Abstract BackgroundYam ( Dioscorea spp .) is cultivated in many villages of DR Congo as a means to sustain food security and alleviate poverty. However, the extent of the existing diversity has not been studied in details thus, considered as an orphan.MethodologyA survey covering 540 farmers in 54 villages was conducted in six major yam growing territories covering three provinces in DR Congo to investigate the diversity, management and utilization of yam landraces using pre-elaborate questionnaires.ResultsSubject to synonymy, a total of 67 landraces clones from five different species were recorded. Farmers’ challenges limiting yam production were poor tuber qualities (69%), harvest pest attack (7%), difficulty in harvesting (6%), poor soil status (6%). The overall diversity was moderate among the recorded yam germplasm maintained at the household level (1.32) and variability exist in diversity amongst the territories and provinces. Farmers’ in territories of Tshopo and Mongala provinces maintained higher level of germplasm diversity (2.79 and 2.77) compared to the farmers in territories of Bas-Uélé (1.67). Some yam landraces had limited abundance and distribution due to loss of production interest in many villages attributable to poisons contained hence, resulting in possible extinction. Farmers’ most preferred seed source for cultivation were backyard (43%) and exchange with neighboring farmers (31%) with the objective of meeting food security and generating income. In villages where yam production is expanding, farmers are relying on landraces with good tuber qualities and high yield even though they are late maturing.ConclusionThis study revealed the knowledge of yam genetic diversity, constraints to production and farmers’ preferences criteria as a guide for collection and conservation of yam genetic resources for yam improvement intervention.

scholarly journals Changes of nematode community under monoculture wheat and wheat/jujube intercropping system in Xinjiang, Northwest China

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Liu ◽  
L. L. Zhang ◽  
Q. Z. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Structural Index ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Nematode Abundance ◽  
Soil Status

Summary Nematode communities in the soils of wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) rhizosphere grown alone and grown in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) orchard were investigated for three years in Hetian arid area, Xingjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest of China. The results showed that eu-dominant families were Rhabditidae, Cephalobidae and Aphelenchidae among 15 families and 19 genera. Nematode abundance in wheat rhizosphere soil was smaller in wheat/jujube intercropping system, mainly because of lower numbers of bacterial feeders and fungal feeders. Besides, the nematode numbers of cp-1 and cp-2 (cp, colonizer-persister) guilds were significantly lower in wheat/jujube intercropping system than that in monoculture wheat system, due to the markedly lower numbers of Rhabditidae and Cephalobidae, although those of cp-3 and cp-4 guilds had no significant differences between monoculture and intercropping systems. Shannon-Weaver index (H’), genus dominance index (Ig) and structural index (SI), represented soil food web diversity and structure, had no differences between monoculture and intercropping systems. Significantly lower values of Wasilewska index (WI) and PPI/MI in monoculture wheat than in intercropping system. It was concluded that the soil status in monoculture wheat system exhibited better soil ecosystem in compared with wheat/ jujube intercropping system.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on nutrient supply, productivity and soil fertility in Pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Saurabh Tomar ◽  
Y. K. Singh ◽  
Sauhard Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
N Level ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Soil Status

An experiment was conducted for 2 years (2018 and 2019) at Oilseed Research Farm, Kalyanpur, C. S. A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India to evaluate the effect of nutrient management practices on growth and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br. Emend. Stuntz.). Highest yield was observed in 5t FYM/ha application over control. Each unit increase in N level led to significant increase in growth, yield attributing characters and yield of pearlmillet. The maximum grain yield (24.2q/ha) was recorded with highest N level. Combined inoculation of Azospirillum + PSB increased the growth, yield attributes and yields significantly. The monetary returns were found in similar trends. Application of organic manure and bio-fertilizers resulted in desirable post-harvest soil status with more organic carbon (OC), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potash (K).

Ecological and Hygienic Assessment of Ivanovo Region’s Soils Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Румянцев ◽  
I. Rumyancev ◽  
Дунаев ◽  
A. Dunaev ◽  
Сивухин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Analytical Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Integrated Environmental Assessment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Instrumental Methods

This paper is dedicated to an integrated environmental assessment of soil cover in the Ivanovo Region’s territory. Using modern instrumental methods of analytical control has been determined a content of gross and mobile forms for Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe in the soil. The analysis of the soils ecological state in the period from 2010 to 2014 has been performed. It has been found that the region soils are generally characterized by relatively low levels of heavy metals contamination. Areas with high concentrations of heavy metals’ mainly mobile forms are local ones. For the first time in Ivanovo region has been performed an assessment related to potential risk of soil contamination for the public health. Comparison of experimental results with statistical materials on morbidity and mortality, as well as the subsequent analysis of the obtained data together with the results of sanitary-hygienic research allow highlight the most contaminated areas, and identify potential sources of negative impacts, as well as to conduct ecological and hygienic assessment for investigated region’s soil status. Using of vivid cartographical techniques allows visually assess the scale of contamination for Ivanovo region’s soil cover, and reveal this information to the public in a timely manner.

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