Don’t Wanna Teach No White Children: The Journey Into My Pedagogy

With the institution of compulsory military service in South Africa in 1948 the National Party government effected a tool well shaped for the construction of hegemonic masculinities. Through this, and other structures like schools and families, white children were shaped into submissive abiding citizens. Due to the brutal nature of a militarised society, gender roles become strictly defined and perpetuated. As such, white men’s time served on the border also “toughened” them up and shaped them into hegemonic copies of each other, ready to enforce patriarchal and racist ideologies. In this article, I look at how the novel Moffie by André Carl van der Merwe (2006) illustrates hegemonic white masculinity in South Africa and how it has long been strictly regulated to perpetuate the well-being of the white family as representative of the capitalist state. I discuss the novel by looking at the ways in which the narrator is marked by service in the military, which functions as a socialising agent, but as importantly by the looming threat of the application of the term “moffie” to himself, by self or others.

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Scripturalizing and the Second Amendment

10.1093/oso/9780198722618.003.0036 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rosamond C. Rodman

Keyword(s):

White Women ◽

White Children ◽

The Bible ◽

Second Amendment ◽

The Us ◽

The Status ◽

Us Constitution ◽

Half Decade

Expanding beyond the text of the Bible, this chapter explores instead a piece of political scripture, namely the Second Amendment of the US Constitution. Over the last half-decade, the Second Amendment has come to enjoy the status of a kind of scripture-within-scripture. Vaulted to a much more prominent status than it had held in the first 150 years or so of its existence, and having undergone a remarkable shift in what most Americans think it means, the Second Amendment provides an opportunity to examine the linguistic, racial, and gendered modes by which these changes were effected, paying particular attention to the ways in which white children and white women were conscripted into the role of the masculine, frontier-defending US citizen.

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172 Sleep Disparities in Preschool-Aged Children

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A70-A70

Author(s):

Jennifer Holmes ◽

Olivia Hanron ◽

Rebecca Spencer

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Data Race ◽

Older Children ◽

Hispanic Children ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Chi Square ◽

White Children ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

And Gender

Abstract Introduction Sleep is known to be associated with socioeconomic status (SES) in older children and adults with those from lower SES households often experiencing poorer sleep quality. Whether this disparity exists in early childhood is relatively unknown, despite being an important age marked by sleep transitions and the establishment of lifelong sleep habits. Furthermore, it is a critical period for cognitive development and learning, which are supported by sleep. Here, we explore associations between sleep and SES in a preschool population. We hypothesized that children from lower SES households would exhibit shorter overnight sleep, longer and more frequent naps, and shorter 24-hr sleep. Additionally, we considered racial and ethnic disparities in sleep which can be confounded with SES in some samples. Methods Child (n=441; M age=51.9mo; 45.4% female) sleep was measured objectively using actigraph watches, worn for 3-16 days (M=9.5 days). Caregivers reported child demographics and household data. Race/ethnicity of our sample was 72% White, 10.2% Black, 17.8% other or more than one race, and 28.4% identified as Hispanic. 20.1% of our sample was categorized as low SES. Effects of SES and race/ethnicity on continuous sleep measures were assessed using multiple regression models, with age and gender as covariates. Nap habituality was assessed using chi-square tests. Results Lower SES was associated with shorter nighttime sleep duration, longer nap duration, and shorter 24-hr sleep duration (p’s<.001). Children from lower SES households were also more likely to nap habitually (p=.04) as were Hispanic children (p<.001). Hispanic children also tended to have longer nap bouts (p=.002). Hispanic and Black children on average had shorter overnight sleep durations than White children (p’s<.04), but their 24-hr sleep did not differ. Conclusion SES-related sleep disparities were present in this preschool population, with lower SES children exhibiting poorer sleep. When controlling for SES, Hispanic children tended to sleep less overnight which was compensated for by longer, more frequent naps. This underscores the necessity of naps for some children to achieve adequate sleep. Future directions will explore the relationship between parenting factors and sleep, such as bedtime routines and parent knowledge surrounding child sleep needs. Support (if any) NIH R01 HL111695

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The Role of Stressful Childhood Experiences in Shaping Later-Life Memory Loss Among Black and White U.S. Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 296-296

Author(s):

Caroline Hartnett

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Later Life ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Black Adults ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

White Children ◽

Black And White ◽

Stressful Experiences ◽

White Adults

Abstract Cognitive decline common in the U.S. and greatly impacts quality of life, both for those who experience it and for those who care for them. Black Americans experience higher burdens of cognitive decline but the mechanisms underlying this disparity have not been fully elucidated. Stress experienced in early life is a promising explanatory factor, since stress and cognition are linked, childhood stressors been shown to have a range of negative implications later in life, and Black children experience more childhood stressors than White children, on average. In this paper, we use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine whether stressful experiences in childhood help explain Black-White disparities in memory loss. These data were available for 5 state-years between 2011 and 2017 (n=11,708). Preliminary results indicate that, while stressful childhood experiences are strongly associated with memory loss, stressful experiences do not mediate the association between race and memory loss. However, race does appear to moderate the association between stressful childhood experiences and memory loss. Specifically, stressful experiences are associated with a higher likelihood of memory loss for Black adults compared to White adults.In addition, there seem to be some noteworthy patterns across different types of experiences (i.e. parental drinking may predict later memory loss more strongly for Black adults than White adults, but parental hitting may predict memory loss more strongly for White adults than Black adults).

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