Effect of Solvent Volatility on Diameter Selection of Bicomponent Nanofibers Produced by Gas Jet Fiber Process Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Rajgarhia ◽  
S. C. Jana
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2918-2921
Author(s):  
Irina Chican ◽  
Dana Varasteanu ◽  
Loti Cornelia Oproiu ◽  
Sanda Maria Doncea ◽  
Marian Deaconu ◽  
...  

The objective of this study is to perform an enzymatic treatment on wool fibers in the presence of a mild detergent containing surfactants obtained from renewable raw materials, in order to obtain a reduction in the felting of wool fibers. This treatment is designed to replace the classic wool fiber process using chlorine compounds, aggressive to people and the environment. FTIR spectroscopy has demonstrated the effect of enzymes by breaking down bonds from the functional groups characteristic of the keratin protein of wool. Determination of relaxation shrinkage and felting shrinkage allowed the selection of the samples that led to a minimal felting phenomenon.


2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 242-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Plianwong ◽  
K. Su-Utha ◽  
Praneet Opanasopit ◽  
Tanasait Ngawhirunpat ◽  
Theerasak Rojanarata

This study investigated the effect of solvent composition, spinning rate and spinning time on the morphology of electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) fiber mats. To fabricate the fibers, 17 %w/v CA solutions prepared in the solvent consisting of acetone/N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at the ratios of 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 (v/v) were subjected to electrospinning process under the constant electric field of 1.17 kV/cm. Scanning electron microscope imaging revealed that different morphologies of fibers obtained were bead-free fibers, fibers with spherical beads, and fibers with spindles, when the acetone/DMAc ratios of 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 were used, respectively. In the aspect of spinning rate, it was found that the diameter of electrospun CA fibers, spindles or beads increased with the increasing spinning rate from 0.2 to 1 ml h-1. In addition, the thickness of electrospun CA fiber mats was directly proportional to the spinning time from 2 to 6 h and spinning rate. Interestingly, by using the same spinning time and rate, the bead-free fiber mats were thicker than mats containing fiber with spherical beads or with spindles. These findings provide useful information for the selection of suitable electrospinning parameters in order to obtain the fiber mat with desired characteristics for the intended purpose.


RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (127) ◽  
pp. 105313-105318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monoj Ghosh ◽  
Sadhan C. Jana

Bi-component semiconducting metal oxide nanofibers with core–shell and side-by-side morphologies in mesoporous or solid cylindrical shapes are produced by gas-jet fiber process.


1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-999
Author(s):  
Laverne H Scroggins ◽  
C L Ogg

Abstract A study was made of the isothermal molecular weight determination; the apparatus constructed and the procedure developed are described. An extensive investigation was carried out to provide reliable guides for the selection of the correct solvents and standard reference compounds to be used in the molecular weight determination. This study produced statistical evidence of the behavior, in five different solvents, of representative compounds from each of the following chemical groups: hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, acids, nitriles, amines, and sulfides. Analysis showed that acetone and ethyl acetate are the best solvents if the composition of the sample is not known. Chloroform proved to be a good solvent except for samples in which hydrogen bonding could occur. n-Heptane was satisfactory for six of the eight types of compounds; benzene war. by far the poorest solvent


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Domenico Iannetti ◽  
Giorgio Vallortigara

Abstract Some of the foundations of Heyes’ radical reasoning seem to be based on a fractional selection of available evidence. Using an ethological perspective, we argue against Heyes’ rapid dismissal of innate cognitive instincts. Heyes’ use of fMRI studies of literacy to claim that culture assembles pieces of mental technology seems an example of incorrect reverse inferences and overlap theories pervasive in cognitive neuroscience.


1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.


1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
W. Nicholson

SummaryA routine has been developed for the processing of the 5820 plates of the survey. The plates are measured on the automatic measuring machine, GALAXY, and the measures are subsequently processed by computer, to edit and then refer them to the SAO catalogue. A start has been made on measuring the plates, but the final selection of stars to be made is still a matter for discussion.


Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.


Author(s):  
P. M. Lowrie ◽  
W. S. Tyler

The importance of examining stained 1 to 2μ plastic sections by light microscopy has long been recognized, both for increased definition of many histologic features and for selection of specimen samples to be used in ultrastructural studies. Selection of specimens with specific orien ation relative to anatomical structures becomes of critical importance in ultrastructural investigations of organs such as the lung. The uantity of blocks necessary to locate special areas of interest by random sampling is large, however, and the method is lacking in precision. Several methods have been described for selection of specific areas for electron microscopy using light microscopic evaluation of paraffin, epoxy-infiltrated, or epoxy-embedded large blocks from which thick sections were cut. Selected areas from these thick sections were subsequently removed and re-embedded or attached to blank precasted blocks and resectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).


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