A Study of Fiber Breakage during Compounding in a Buss Kneader

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ville ◽  
F. Inceoglu ◽  
N. Ghamri ◽  
J. L. Pradel ◽  
A. Durin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Buss Kneader

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement and Mortar

1990 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Linton ◽  
P. L. Berneburg ◽  
E. M. Gartner ◽  
A. Bentur
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Image Analysis Technique ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Reinforcing Fibers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Critical Fiber Length

AbstractAlthough carbon fibers have high tensile strengths and are chemically inert, their application in cementitious composites is limited due to their brittleness. An image analysis technique employed to determine the length distribution of the reinforcing fibers before and after mixing in cement paste and mortar matrices indicates that substantial fiber breakage occurs during mixing. In paste mixtures, the average fiber length after mixing remains above the critical fiber length, but in mortar mixes the average fiber length falls below the critical fiber length resulting in no significant enhancement of composite flexural properties.

Numerical Simulation of Compressive Residual Strength for Damaged Composite Laminates

2012 ◽  
Vol 525-526 ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Tian Jiao Qu ◽  
Xi Tao Zheng ◽  
Di Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Appearance Time ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Good Agreement

After the low-velocity impact test of composite laminates of T800/BA9916, CAI test and compression test of laminates with a hole have been carried out. Two types of models were set up by the finite element software ABAQUS respectively. The FEA results were good agreement with the testing results. The investigation of models with a hole indicates that the appearance time of ultimate compressive load is earlier than that of fiber breakage expanding to boundary. Moreover, the diameter and the depth of blind hole significantly influence the ultimate compressive load.

Influence of Cotton Fiber Strength and Fineness on Fiber Damage during Lint Cleaning

1988 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Dever ◽  
J. R. Gannaway ◽  
R. V. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Fiber Damage ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Changes

Seven sources of cotton representing a wide range of fiber properties were roller ginned, saw ginned, or saw ginned plus processed through tandem saw lint cleaners or through an aggressive carding-type cleaner (Cottonmaster1). Lint cleaner induced changes in fiber length and nep count were compared to fiber property measurements from roller ginned samples. Fiber length deterioration from saw ginning was negatively correlated with fiber strength. Fiber breakage in lint cleaning was positively correlated with fiber fineness. Resistance to fiber length damage in ginning was explained best by fiber strength and fineness, or an estimate of individual fiber strength. Initial and final nep level were related to fineness, nonlint content, and upper quartile length, but an increase in neps due to lint cleaning had no significant relationship to fiber properties.

Morphology Evolution in Immiscible Polymer Blends during Compounding

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Dae Han
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Immiscible Polymers ◽  
Blend Morphology ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Buss Kneader ◽  
Batch Mixer

Polymer researchers have had a long-standing interest in understanding the evolution of blend morphology when two (or more) incompatible homopolymers or copolymers are melt blended in mixing equipment. In industry, melt blending is conducted using either an internal (batch) mixer (e.g., a Banbury mixer or a Brabender mixer) or a continuous mixer (e.g., a twin-screw extruder or a Buss kneader). There are many factors that control the evolution of blend morphology during compounding, the five primary ones being (1) blend composition, (2) rheological properties (e.g., viscosity ratio) of the constituent components, (3) mixing temperature, which in turn affects the rheological properties of the constituent components, (4) the duration of mixing in a batch mixer or residence time in a continuous mixer, and (5) rotor speed in a batch mixer or screw speed in a continuous mixer (i.e., local shear rate or shear stress). When two immiscible polymers are compounded in mixing equipment, two types of blend morphology are often observed: dispersed morphology and co-continuous morphology. Numerous investigators have reported on blend morphology of immiscible polymers, and there are too many papers to cite them all here. Some investigators (Han 1976, 1981; Han and Kim 1975; Han and Yu 1972; Nelson et al. 1977; van Oene 1978) examined blend morphology to explain the seemingly very complicated rheological behavior of two-phase polymer blends, and others (Favis and Therrien 1991; He et al. 1997; Ho et al. 1990; Miles and Zurek 1988; Scott and Macosko 1995; Shih 1995; Sundararaj et al. 1992, 1996) investigated blend morphology as affected by processing conditions. Today, it is fairly well understood from experimental studies under what conditions a dispersed morphology or a co-continuous morphology may be formed, and whether a co-continuous morphology is stable, giving rise to an equilibrium morphology, or whether it is an unstable intermediate morphology that eventually is transformed into a dispersed morphology (Lee and Han 1999a, 1999b, 2000). Let us consider the morphology evolution in an immiscible blend consisting of two semicrystalline polymers, A and B, in a compounding machine, and let us assume that the melting point (Tm,A) of polymer A is lower than the melting point (Tm,B) of polymer B.

Fiber Breakage In Polymer-Matrix Composites During Static And Fatigue Loading, Observed By Electrical Resistance Measurement

1997 ◽  
Vol 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Wang ◽  
D. D. L. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Static Tensile Loading ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Epoxy Matrix Composite

ABSTRACTBy measuring the electrical resistance of a continuous unidirectional carbon fiber epoxy-matrix composite along the fiber direction during loading in this direction, fiber breakage was progressively monitored in real time. Fiber breakage occurred in spurts involving 1000 fibers or more. It started at about half of the failure strain during static tensile loading and at about half of the fatigue life during tensiontension fatigue testing. Immediately before static failure, 35% of the fibers were broken. Immediately before fatigue failure, 18% of the fibers were broken. The fiber breakage was accompanied by decrease in modulus.

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