scholarly journals Melt Compounding of Polymeric Nanocomposites

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Utracki ◽  
M. Sepehr ◽  
J. Li
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Melt Compounding

scholarly journals Polymeric Nanocomposites: Compounding and Performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1582-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Utracki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Extensional Flow ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Organic Salts ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Kinetics Of

Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) are binary mixtures of strongly interacting, inorganic platelets dispersed in a polymeric matrix. For full exfoliation, the thermodynamic miscibility is required. There are three basic methods of organically-modified clay dispersion that might result in PNC: (1) in polymer solution (followed by solvent removal), (2) in a monomer (followed by polymerization), and (3) in molten polymer (compounding). Most commercial PNC are produced by the second method, but it is the third one that has the greatest promise for the plastics industry. Similarly as during the manufacture of polymer blends, the layered silicates must be compatibilized by intercalation with organic salts and/or addition of functionalized macromolecules. Compounding affects the kinetics of dispersion process, but rarely the miscibility. Melt compounding is carried out either in a single-screw (SSE) or a twin-screw extruder (TSE). Furthermore, an extensional flow mixer (EFM) might be attached to an extruder. Two versions of EFM were evaluated: (1) designed for polymer homogenization and blending, and (2) designed for dispersing nano-particles. In this review, the dispersion of organoclay in polystyrene (PS), polyamide-6 (PA-6) or in polypropylene (PP) is discussed. The PNC based on PS or PA-6 contained two components (polymer and organoclay), whereas those based on PP in addition had a compatibilizer mixture of two maleated polypropylenes. Better dispersion was found compounding PNC's in a SSE + EFM than in TSE with or without EFM. The mechanical performance (tensile, flexural and impact) was examined.

Influence of Melt Compounding on Blast Furnace Slag Filled PP Compounds: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-454
Author(s):  
A. Mostafa ◽  
G. Pacher ◽  
T. Lucyshyn ◽  
C. Holzer ◽  
E. Krischey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Furnace Slag

scholarly journals A Generalized Approach for Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Spherical Fillers

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar Martinez-Garcia ◽  
Alexandre Serraïma-Ferrer ◽  
Aitor Lopeandía-Fernández ◽  
Marco Lattuada ◽  
Janak Sapkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Filler Network ◽  
New Research ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Research Avenue

In this work, the effective mechanical reinforcement of polymeric nanocomposites containing spherical particle fillers is predicted based on a generalized analytical three-phase-series-parallel model, considering the concepts of percolation and the interfacial glassy region. While the concept of percolation is solely taken as a contribution of the filler-network, we herein show that the glassy interphase between filler and matrix, which is often in the nanometers range, is also to be considered while interpreting enhanced mechanical properties of particulate filled polymeric nanocomposites. To demonstrate the relevance of the proposed generalized equation, we have fitted several experimental results which show a good agreement with theoretical predictions. Thus, the approach presented here can be valuable to elucidate new possible conceptual routes for the creation of new materials with fundamental technological applications and can open a new research avenue for future studies.

scholarly journals A coupled MD-FE methodology to characterize mechanical interphases in polymeric nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
pp. 106564
Author(s):  
Maximilian Ries ◽  
Gunnar Possart ◽  
Paul Steinmann ◽  
Sebastian Pfaller
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Nanocomposites

scholarly journals Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and hydroxyapatite nanorods reinforced with polypropylene for biomedical application

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Saleem Ahmed Khan ◽  
N. M. Mubarak ◽  
Mohammad Khalid ◽  
Rashmi Walvekar ◽  
E. C. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Thermal Study ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
And Cartilage

AbstractModified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) and hydroxyapatite nanorods (n-HA) were reinforced into polypropylene (PP) with the support of a melt compounding approach. Varying composition of f-MWCNTs (0.1–0.3 wt.%) and nHA (15–20 wt.%) were reinforced into PP, to obtain biocomposites of different compositions. The morphology, thermal and mechanical characteristics of PP/n-HA/f-MWCNTs were observed. Tensile studies reflected that the addition of f-MWCNTs is advantageous in improving the tensile strength of PP/n-HA nanocomposites but decreases its Young’s modulus significantly. Based on the thermal study, the f-MWCNTs and n-HA were known to be adequate to enhance PP’s thermal and dimensional stability. Furthermore, MTT studies proved that PP/n-HA/f-MWCNTs are biocompatible. Consequently, f-MWCNTs and n-HA reinforced into PP may be a promising nanocomposite in orthopedics industry applications such as the human subchondral bone i.e. patella and cartilage and fabricating certain light-loaded implants.

scholarly journals Thermal and Quasi-Static Mechanical Characterization of Polyamide 6-Graphene Nanoplatelets Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1454
Author(s):  
Pietro Russo ◽  
Francesca Cimino ◽  
Antonio Tufano ◽  
Francesco Fabbrocino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽  
Multifunctional Products

The growing demand for lightweight and multifunctional products in numerous industrial fields has recently fuelled a growing interest in the development of materials based on polymer matrices including graphene-like particles, intrinsically characterized by outstanding mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Specifically, with regard to one of the main mass sectors, which is the automotive, there has been a significant increase in the use of reinforced polyamides for underhood applications and fuel systems thanks to their thermal and chemical resistance. In this frame, polyamide 6 (PA6) composites filled with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were obtained by melt-compounding and compared in terms of thermal and mechanical properties with the neat matrix processed under the same condition. The results of the experimental tests have shown that the formulations studied so far offer slight improvements in terms of thermal stability but much more appreciable benefits regarding both tensile and flexural parameters with respect to the reference material. Among these effects, the influence of the filler content on the strength parameter is noteworthy. However, the predictable worsening of the graphene sheet dispersion for GNPs contents greater than 3%, as witnessed by scanning electron images of the tensile fractured sections of specimens, affected the ultimate performance of the more concentrated formulation.

scholarly journals Innovative Polymeric Hybrid Nanocomposites for Application in Photocatalysis

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Maria Cantarella ◽  
Giuliana Impellizzeri ◽  
Alessandro Di Mauro ◽  
Vittorio Privitera ◽  
Sabrina Carola Carroccio
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Antibacterial Performance

The immobilization of inorganic nanomaterials on polymeric substrates has been drawing a lot of attention in recent years owing to the extraordinary properties of the as-obtained materials. The hybrid materials, indeed, combine the benefits of the plastic matter such as flexibility, low-cost, mechanical stability and high durability, with them deriving from their inorganic counterparts. In particular, if the inorganic fillers are nanostructured photocatalysts, the originated hybrid systems will be able to utilize the energy delivered by light, catalysing chemical reactions in a sustainable pathway. Most importantly, since the nanofillers can be ad-hoc anchored to the macromolecular structure, their release in the environment will be prevented, thus overcoming one of the main restrictions that impedes their applications on a large scale. In this review, several typologies of hybrid photocatalytic nanomaterials, obtained by using both organic and inorganic semiconductors and realized with different synthetic protocols, were reported and discussed. In the first part of the manuscript, nanocomposites realized by simply blending the TiO2 or ZnO nanomaterials in thermoplastic polymeric matrices are illustrated. Subsequently, the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique is presented as an excellent method to formulate polymeric nanocomposites. Successively, some examples of polyporphyrins hybrid systems containing graphene, acting as photocatalysts under visible light irradiation, are discussed. Lastly, photocatalytic polymeric nanosponges, with extraordinary adsorption properties, are shown. All the described materials were deeply characterized and their photocatalytic abilities were evaluated by the degradation of several organic water pollutants such as dyes, phenol, pesticides, drugs, and personal care products. The antibacterial performance was also evaluated for selected systems. The relevance of the obtained results is widely overviewed, opening the route for the application of such multifunctional photocatalytic hybrid materials in wastewater remediation.

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