Surface Roughness Changes and Corrosion on Nickel Titanium Orthodontic Wires Compared to Stainless Steel Wires in Various Artificial Salivas

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedri Onur Kucukyildirim ◽  
Aysegul Akdogan Eker
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Steel Wires

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of dental alignment and leveling with three different types of orthodontic wires

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Abdo Gravina ◽  
Ione Helena Vieira Portella Brunharo ◽  
Marcelo Reis Fraga ◽  
Flavia Artese ◽  
Marcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Tooth Position ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Curve Of Spee ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Clinical Responses

INTRODUCTION: A wide variety of orthodontic wires made of different alloys is available to be used in orthodontic practice and may produce different clinical responses during tooth movement. OBJECTIVE: This research evaluated the alignment and leveling of lower dental arches after the use of three types of orthodontic wires. METHODS: A sample of 36 patients was randomly divided into 3 groups: stainless steel, multistranded steel and superelastic nickel-titanium, according to the first leveling arches used. In order to observe differences in tooth position and axial inclination of the lower incisors, all patients had lateral cephalometric radiographs taken before the insertion of the first arches and 2 months later. The irregularity index and the curve of Spee were measured, compared between groups and considered influential on the proclination of incisors during the initial phase of alignment and leveling. The Reflex microscope was used to measure the irregularity index, whereas the ANOVA analysis of variance was used to verify differences between groups with regard to the degree of dental alignment and leveling. RESULTS: There were significant differences between groups only at T2 for the irregularity index. CONCLUSION: The NiTi and multistranded steel wires showed greater aligning capacity when compared with stainless steel wires.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of orthodontic wires on ceramic brackets associated with low friction ligatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Fernando KOIKE ◽  
Hiroshi MARUO ◽  
Rogério LACERDA-SANTOS ◽  
Matheus Melo PITHON ◽  
Orlando Motohiro TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Niti Wire ◽  
Ceramic Brackets

Abstract Introduction Few studies investigated the mechanical properties of orthodontic wires on ceramic brackets associated the ligatures. Objective This study aimed to compare the load-deflection of orthodontic wires with round section of 0.016” made of stainless steel (SS), nickel-titanium (NiTi) and glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite (GFRPC). Material and method Sixty specimens obtained from 10 sectioned pre-contoured arches (TP Orthodontics), were divided into 3 groups of 20 according to each type of material (1 esthetic-type wire and 2 not esthetic) and length of 50 mm. The methodology consisted of a 3-point bending test using esthetic ceramic brackets (INVU, TP Orthodontics, Edgewise, 0.022”x 0.025”) as points of support. The tensile tests were performed on a mechanical test machine, at a speed of 10 mm/min, deflection of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm. Friedman’s Non Parametric Multiple comparisons test was used (P<0.05). Result The nickel-titanium wire presented smaller load/ deflection compared with stainless steel. GFRPC wires had lower strength values among all groups evaluated (P<.05). The steel wire showed permanent deformation after 3 mm deflection, NiTi wire demonstrated memory effect and the esthetic type had fractures with loss of strength. Conclusion It can be concluded that steel wires have high strength values, requiring the incorporation of loops and folds to reduce the load / deflection. NiTi and GFRPC wires produced low levels of force, however the esthetic wire was shown to fracture and break.

scholarly journals Effects of diferent salivary ph on the surface and roughness of different orthodontic wires

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Gealh Navarro Escobar ◽  
John Alexis Domingues ◽  
João Carlos Gomes ◽  
Ulises Cohelo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different salivary pH on the surface of orthodontic wires. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy wire segments of titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA), and Cr-Ni stainless steel , subjected to saliva pH 2.0 , 5.0 and 7.6 , in three different times of storage, divided into 3 groups (n=30). Group 1: TMA (Morelli), Group 2: TMA (Ormco) and Group 3: Stainless steel Cr-Ni (Morelli). To read the roughness profilometer was used Mitutoyo Surftest Digital-301. Observation of the surface morphology was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: Between the results is that the lower the pH more roughness was found. No changes were observed on the wires roughness of group 3. In the evaluation of SEM, changes were found in surface TMA wires in pH 2 and 5, the steel wires no changes superficias. CONCLUSION: The acidic pH and time showed effects on TMA’s wires. The stainless steel wires showed no changes. We conclude that the stainless wires have greater resistance to salivary pH.

scholarly journals Deflection test on different orthodontic wire materials sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Harris Gadih Pratomo ◽  
Endah Mardiati ◽  
Eky Soeria Soemantri ◽  
Ida Ayu Evangelina
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Orthodontic Wire ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Deflection Test

The development of technology in orthodontic field produces some orthodontic wires that have different deflection abilities. Loading force is the force needed to place an orthodontic wire in bracket slot (activation). Unloading force is the force produced by an orthodontic wire to move tooth (deactivation). Deflection test with three-point bending technique is a technique that is often used to determine the magnitude of the activation and deactivation force of orthodontic wire. Stainless steel (SS), nickel titanium (NiTi), copper nickel titanium (CuNiTi), and beta titanium (TMA), are the types of frequently used wires. This study aimed to compare loading and unloading force on the deflection test of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inch on the load-deflection graph. This is a laboratoryexperimental research on a total of 16 pieces of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches. The group was divided based on the type of material. The deflection test was performed using a universal testing machine with a press speed of 5 mm/minute. Loading and unloading forces were recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and1.5 mm. Statistical tests of differences among groups were carried out by ANOVA analysis (p-value ≤ 0.05) and post-hoc analysis with T-test. There were significant differences in the loading and unloading forces recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and 1.5 mm; except for deflections of 0.5 mm of the SS and nickel-titanium wires. The wire deflection force fromthe lowest to the highest was CuNiTi wire, nickel-titanium wire, TMA wire, and stainless-steel wire.

Distal End Cutters—Efficiency, Safety and Design

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Julian R. S. O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Dimensions

This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a range of different distal end cutters in cutting and holding the ends of orthodontic arch wires. Fourteen different types of distal end cutter were used to cut a range of orthodontic arch wires under standard conditions. The arch wires comprised nickel-titanium and stainless steel wires of different dimensions, as well as twist flex and coaxial wires. The number of times each wire was successfully cut and held by each cutter was recorded. Significant differences in performance between the cutters were noted, particularly in holding the cut distal ends. Small diameter nickel-titanium wires were significantly less well held than heavier grade or stainless steel wires. Twist flex and coaxial wires were less easily cut cleanly than nickel-titanium and plain staiidess steel wires.

scholarly journals A Review of the Requirements and Hazards of Toxic Metals From Orthodontic Wires

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Babaei Hatkehlouei ◽  
Sepideh Dadgar ◽  
Mohammad Shokrzadeh ◽  
Jaber Mousavi ◽  
Farhad Sobouti
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Orthodontic Wires

Background: Orthodontics is a part of dentistry that comprises preventive methods and correction of dental irregularities that need to be repositioned by functional and mechanical tools to provide an ideal occlusion and a beautiful face for patients. There are currently four metal archwires used in orthodontic treatment: stainless steel alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, nickel-titanium alloy, and beta-titanium alloy. Toxic effects generally occur when the body’s tissues are exposed to sufficient amounts of metal ions for long periods. Objectives: The present study briefly reviews the requirements and hazards of toxic metals from orthodontic wires. Methods: This study is a review of the available reliable sources and reference documents and scientific-research articles published in the international journals and databases with the focus on the requirements and hazards of toxic metals from orthodontic wires. Results: Optimal characteristics of an archwire for optimal performance are spring return, ductility, modulus of elasticity, biocompatibility, and low friction. The release of metal ions from dental alloys is due to local and systematic chemicals, mutagenic, immunogenic, and toxic effects. Conclusion: Today, most orthodontic brackets, braces, and archwires are made of stainless steel and nickel-titanium, all of which contain varying amounts of nickel, chromium, and cobalt ions. Increasing the amount of ions released from orthodontic alloys causes a cytotoxic state for the body. Although orthodontic alloys contain anti-corrosion agents, they are prone to corrosion in dynamic oral environments.

scholarly journals A Systematic review on aligning efficiency of superelastic NITI: in comparison with conventional NITI and multistranded stainless steel archwires

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Deepa Kumaran ◽  
Shantha Sundari ◽  
Shyamala Chandrasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
In The Beginning

Background: The initial leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic treatment involve the use of nickel titanium wires. The nickel titanium wires exhibit unique properties like shape memory and superelasticity. In the beginning, conventional nitinol wires were used, which lacked the superelastic property. Nowadays, superelastic nickel titanium wires are being used commonly. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficiency of Superelastic NITi in the initial alignment of orthodontic treatment in comparison with conventional NiTi and multistranded stainless steel archwires by measuring the amount of decrowding and the time taken for decrowding.Method: A systematic literature search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane, Google scholar & Lilacs.Result: Thirty four studies were identified by the search and ten studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and one study was excluded after abstract reading. Finally nine articles were included for quality assessment.Conclusion: This systematic review concluded that there was no significant differences in the aligning efficiency of superelastic NiTi in comparison with conventional NiTi and multistranded stainless steel wires. 

scholarly journals Effect of Air-powder Polishing on the Surface Topography of Orthodontic Stainless Steel Wires

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Nabeel F Talic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Optical Profilometer ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to examine the effect of in vivo air-powder polishing on the surface roughness and topography of aged orthodontic stainless steel arch wires. Materials and methods A total of 20 stainless steel arch wires were used in this study. Ten wires (experimental) were aged and exposed to air-powder polishing, and 10 wires asreceived from the manufacturer served as the controls. The experimental group of wires was aged in the patient's oral cavity for an average of 5.3 ± 2.7 months. An air-powder polishing system was used to remove external stains and plaque deposits. The powder was sodium bicarbonate. The surface topography measurements were performed using an optical profilometer. Following the profilometer analysis, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the experimental and control arch wires. Results The average roughness (Sa) of the experimental upper and lower surfaces exposed to air-powder polishing was significantly higher than the control arch wires (p < 0.01). The root mean square of the surface topography (Sq) and the 10-point height of the surface topography (Sz) were significantly higher on the upper and lower surfaces of the experimental arch wires compared with the controls (p < 0.05 and <0.01 respectively). The SEM photomicrographs of the experimental and control arch wires indicated that the experimental arch wires were pitted and filled with surface impurities. Conclusion An air-powder polishing system using sodium bicarbonate powder alters the surface topography and increases the surface roughness of aged orthodontic arch wires in vitro. Clinical significance The air-powder polishing system used along with scaling alters the surface roughness of orthodontic wire. How to cite this article Talic NF. Effect of Air-powder Polishing on the Surface Topography of Orthodontic Stainless Steel Wires. World J Dent 2017;8(4):262-266.

scholarly journals Evaluation of force released by deflection of orthodontic wires in conventional and self-ligating brackets

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Hitoshi Higa ◽  
Nayara Thiago Semenara ◽  
José Fernando Castanha Henriques ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Renata Sathler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Niti Wires

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate deflection forces of rectangular orthodontic wires in conventional (MorelliTM), active (In-Ovation RTM) and passive (Damon 3MXTM) self-ligating brackets. Material and Methods: Two brands of stainless steel and nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires (MorelliTM and GACTM), in addition to OrmcoTM copper-nickel-titanium wires were used. Specimens were assembled in a clinical simulation device especially designed for this study and tested in an Instron universal testing machine. For the testing procedures, an acrylic structure representative of the maxillary right central incisor was lingually moved in activations of 0 to 1 mm, with readings of the force released by deflection in unloading of 0.5, 0.8 and 1 mm at a constant speed of 2 mm/min. Inter-bracket forces with stainless steel, NiTi and CuNiTi were individually compared by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s tests. Results: Results showed that there were lower forces in conventional brackets, followed by active and passive self-ligating brackets. Within the brands, only for NiTi wires, the MorelliTM brand presented higher forces than GACTM wires. Conclusions: Bracket systems provide different degrees of deflection force, with self-ligating brackets showing the highest forces.

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