Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants Used in Enhanced Oil Recovery: Synthesis, Properties, and Flooding Experiments

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Ruimin Gao ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jianshe Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
Synthesis Properties

Enhanced oil recovery from high-salinity reservoirs by cationic gemini surfactants

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (14) ◽  
pp. 46086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingjiao Yuan ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Ruimin Gao ◽  
Guangfa Hu ◽  
Gai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Cationic Gemini Surfactants

A New Family of Anionic Surfactants for Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Applications

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Mukul M. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Interfacial Properties ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
New Family ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
Hydrophobic Tail

Summary A new family of anionic surfactants that has great potential for enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) applications was synthesized and characterized in our laboratory. The unique and versatile structure of these surfactants has endowed them with properties that are attractive for EOR. A detailed experimental study was carried out and is presented here on the oil/water and solid/water interfacial properties of seven novel molecules. The interfacial properties of this series of seven anionic surfactants with different lengths of hydrophobic tail and linking spacer group show systematic trends in interfacial tension (IFT) and static adsorption density with changes in solution conditions. These molecules showed excellent aqueous stability even in high-salinity and hard brines. Ultralow IFT (ULIFT) values were measured at low surfactant concentrations. The synthesized Gemini surfactants also showed lower maximal adsorption densities than the conventional single-chain surfactants. The results from this study showed the potential of using these surfactants at low concentrations and in harsh reservoir conditions.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel Ethoxylated Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Shakil Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Kamal ◽  
Mobeen Murtaza
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Spacer Length ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Injection Water ◽  
Gravimetric Data

Two aspects are always considered in the design and development of new surfactants for oilfield application. One of them is that surfactant must be sufficiently stable at reservoir temperature and the other is the solubility of the surfactant in the injection water (usually seawater) and the formation brine. Most industrially applied surfactants undergo hydrolysis at elevated temperature and the presence of reservoir ions causes surfactant precipitation. In relevance to this, a novel series of quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants with different length of spacer group (C8, C10, and C12) was synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS. The gemini surfactants were prepared by solvent-free amidation of glycolic acid ethoxylate lauryl ether with 3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine followed by reaction with dibromoalkane to obtain quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants. The gemini surfactants were examined by means of surface properties and thermal stabilities. The synthesized gemini surfactants showed excellent solubility in the formation brine, seawater, and deionized water without any precipitation for up to three months at 90 °C. Thermal gravimetric data revealed that all the gemini surfactants were decomposed above 227 °C, which is higher than the oilfield temperature (≥90 °C). The decrease in critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γcmc) was detected by enhancing spacer length in the order C8 ˃ C10 ˃ C12 which suggested that the larger the spacer, the better the surface properties. Moreover, a further decrease in CMC and γcmc was noticed by enhancing temperature (30 °C ˃ 60 °C) and salinity (deionized water ˃ seawater). The current study provides a comprehensive investigation of quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants that can be further extended potentially to use as a suitable material for oilfield application.

Synthesis of novel water soluble poly (ionic liquids) based on quaternary ammonium acrylamidomethyl propane sulfonate for enhanced oil recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 508-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood M.S. Abdullah ◽  
Abdulrahman A. AlQuraishi ◽  
Hamad A. Allohedan ◽  
Abdullah O. AlMansour ◽  
Ayman M. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Poly
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