Cold treatment of tool steels

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
P. Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Tool Steels

Structure and Property of Sub-Zero Processed Cold Work Die Steel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debdulal Das ◽  
Kalyan K. Ray ◽  
Apurba K. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Processing Cycle

This study examines the influence of different sub-zero processing routes on microstructure and mechanical properties of a cold work tool steel. Incorporation of controlled sub-zero processing cycle in between hardening and tempering treatment of tool steels increases the amount of ultrafine carbide particles with improved homogeneous distribution in addition to reduction in retained austenite content; these modifications are found to be enhanced with decreasing lowest temperature of the sub-zero processing cycle. It has been demonstrated that with reference to conventional heat treatment, sub-zero processing moderately improves hardness and marginally reduces fracture toughness but substantially enhances wear resistance of the selected steel; the extent of variations, in general, increase in the order of cold treatment, shallow cryogenic treatment and deep cryogenic treatment. The relationships of microstructural modifications with the variations of mechanical properties of tool steels due to different sub-zero processing have been established.

scholarly journals Cryogenic treatment of tool steels: A brief review and a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. Manuscript
Author(s):  
Thee Chowwanonthapunya ◽  
Chaiyawat Peeratatsuwan ◽  
Manote Rithinyo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Conventional Heat Treatment ◽  
Wide Range

Tool steels used in marine industries demand for the effective approach to enhance their properties. Normally, conventional heat treatment is widely used to increase the performance of tool steels. However, this method cannot fully enhance the tool steel performance. On the other hand, cryogenic treatment is a supplementary process to the conventional heat treatment, which can promote the conversion of retained austenite to martensite and accelerate the precipitation of fine carbides. In this paper, a systematic review of cryogenic treatment of tool steels was presented. A wide range of useful investigations was reviewed, particularly in the details of the transformation of retained austenite to martensite and the precipitation of the fine carbides. A case study on a tool steel subjected to conventional heat treatment, conventional cold treatment, and deep cryogenic treatment was also given and discussed to give an insight in the cryogenic treatment of tool steels.

Colchicine Uptake and Binding by Human Platelets

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 780-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne M Kenney ◽  
Francis C Chao ◽  
James L Tullis ◽  
Gail S Conneely
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Temperature Dependent

SummaryThe uptake and binding of antimitotic alkaloid colchicine has been demonstrated in washed preparations of human platelets. A silicone oil technique was adapted so that both uptake and binding of 14C-colchicine were examined in the same platelet preparations. The time dependence and amount of colchicine taken up and bound by different platelet preparations during a 90 to 120 min incubation period were highly reproducible. Both colchicine uptake and binding by intact platelets, and colchicine binding by preparations of lysed platelets were specific and temperature dependent. Colchicine uptake was slowly reversible. Magnesium and GTP enhanced colchicine binding by lysed platelet preparations but calcium decreased binding.Exposure of platelets to either cold (4° C) or to thrombin, which disrupt platelet microtubules, produced significant increases in colchicine uptake and binding. The thrombin effect was maximal at 37° C and resulted in a greater increase in uptake and binding than that produced by either cold treatment alone or, by cold treatment followed by incubation with thrombin at 37° C. The amount of increase in uptake and binding produced by thrombin was independent of both thrombin (1–5 Units/109 platelets) and colchicine concentrations (1–50 × 10−6M).It is postulated that thrombin may initiate the formation, or make available, colchicine binding sites (microtubule subunits) within platelets.

Properties and Performance of Hard Coatings on Tool Steels under Cyclic Indentation

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Sivitski ◽  
Andre Gregor ◽  
Mart Saarna ◽  
Priit Kulu ◽  
Fjodor Sergejev
Keyword(s):  
Hard Coatings ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Cyclic Indentation ◽  
And Performance

The low temperature aluminising kinetics of hot-work tool steels

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
B. Matijević ◽  
I. Kumić ◽  
T. Belić
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hot Work Tool Steels

Kinetic Investigations of Boronized Cold Work Tool Steels

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polat Topuz ◽  
Eren Yılmaz ◽  
Emine Gündoğdu
Keyword(s):  
Cold Work ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Kinetic Investigations

SELECT B

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Die Steel ◽  
High Chromium ◽  
Aisi Type

Abstract SELECT B is a fully uniform air-hardening die steel having abrasion resistance intermediate between Olympic (AISI Type D2) high-carbon, high-chromium die steel and Badger (AISI Type O1) oil-hardening die steel. SELECT B has excellent non-deforming, deep-hardening characteristics and good toughness. Its machinability is comparable to most oil-hardening tool steels. Among its many uses are cold blanking and forming dies, rolls, punches, gages and broaches. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-448. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

CRUCIBLE CPM 10V, CPM 9V, MPL-1, CPM 440 V, CPM REX M4

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Corrosion And Wear ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Superior Corrosion Resistance

Abstract For demanding applications in industry, alloys have been custom crafted by powder metallurgy as systems for wear or wear/corrosion resistance. CPM 10V and 9V tool steels provide excellent wear resistance, and CPM 440 V, MPL-1, and CPM-M4 are used when superior corrosion resistance and excellent wear resistance are required This datasheet provides information on composition and hardness as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion and wear resistance. Filing Code: TS-517. Producer or source: Crucible Materials Corporation.

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