Identity over Time in Paradise Lost

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-57
Author(s):  
Ayelet Langer
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
The Self ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

This essay proposes that in Paradise Lost Milton represents the conscious self as constructed over time, thereby anticipating the early eighteenth- century formulation of identity as a problem of diachronic identity. Milton represents this process of self-constitution by situating the mind’s act of unifying itself in the present moment, which he models on Aristotle’s definition of the now as both a connection and a boundary of time. Aristotle’s bivalency of the now serves in Paradise Lost to distinguish between the capacity of prelapsarian and postlapsarian individuals to constitute their self by organizing their experiences in time. As a connection of time, the Aristotelian now grounds Milton’s representation of the way in which the prelapsarian individual constitutes his or her own self. As a boundary of time, it marks the failure of the postlapsarian mind to achieve such constitution, which leads to a disintegration of the self. Thus, Aristotle’s distinction between the two contrasting aspects of the now becomes, in Milton’s representation of the self, the prism through which Milton forms a clear distinction between two fundamental structures of identity, fallen and unfallen.

Communication: The Political Patronage of Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales

1958 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Patronage ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
Concrete Reality ◽  
The Way

An association between the prince of Wales and various opposition leaders is a recurrent feature of eighteenth-century politics. A politically active prince found little difficulty in securing a following among the politicians of the day; the glittering prospects of the ‘reversionary’ interest1 were an obvious lure, and an obvious basis for such a connexion. But this is not a complete explanation. The prince had also a considerable degree of patronage at his disposal, and could add a more immediate and concrete reality to promises for the future. A study of this patronage, its extent and its disposal, and more particularly the way in which it was exercised by Frederick, ‘Poor Fred’, throws much light on the connexion between the prince and his political friends, and contributes to an understanding of the place of Leicester House in the politics of the early eighteenth century.

scholarly journals Towards Modern Greek Consciousness

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Loukia Droulia
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Human Group ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Over Time

<p>This paper deals with the subject of Modern Greek consciousness which can be said epigrammatically to have its starting point in the Provisional Constitution of Greece ratified by the Assembly of Epidaurus in January 1822. For it was then necessary that two crucial questions be answered, namely who were to be considered as citizens of the new state about to be created and what regions it covered. The attempt to find answers to these questions necessarily led to the re-examination of the Greek nation's historical course over the millenia.</p><p>For this purpose the terms that express the concepts which register the self-definition of a human group and their use over time, are here examined as well as the links that formed the connection between the groups of Greek-speaking Orthodox Christians who, as a result of historical circumstances, had until then been geographically scattered. One solid link was the unbroken use of their common language; the "ancestral culture" was the other definitive element which had a continuous though uneven presence throughout the centuries. Finally the "place", having preserved the same geographical name, "Hellas", through the centuries although its borders were certainly unclear, now took on a weighty significance as regards the conscious identification of the historical land with the new state that the Greeks were struggling to create in the nineteenth century. These and other factors contributed to the acceptance by the Greek nation of the nomenclature <em>Ellines, Ellada</em> which were unanimously adopted during the Greek war of Independence, instead of the terms <em>Graikoi, Romioi, Graikia</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Intercultural Transfer and Balinese Gamelan Preservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Emma Lo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Music ◽  
The Self ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Balinese Gamelan ◽  
Strategic Support ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Mobility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The influence and spread of traditional Balinese music over time and across regions has been conducted through a number of different channels. In addition to locally-focused efforts, cultural transfer has also contributed to the preservation of traditional Balinese arts. From the self-interested, strategic support of gamelan music by Japanese occupational forces to the global experimental music scene today, Balinese arts have been shared, supported, translated, and appropriated in various ways by a number of different actors to political, artistic, and commercial ends. Building on Michel Espagne’s definition of cultural transfer and Stephen Greenblatt’s concept of cultural mobility, this paper aims to outline different modes of cultural transfer (or “bridges,” as Espagne would say), with explicit attention to power dynamics and multi-way flows of influence. Several key historical and contemporary examples of the transfer of traditional Balinese music will be discussed in an effort to better understand the relationship between cultural transfer and preservation.

Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Pelli
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Self ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century

This chapter focuses on the first stage of reform and the direct rule of the Austrian Habsburgs, from the early eighteenth century, in Lombardy. It highlights the powerful axis with an agenda of reform for Milan and Lombardy. The local nobility was at first hesitant or even hostile, and some of them remained so, but there were also individuals and groups who themselves nurtured ambitious plans for reform, and saw the attractions of service in the imperial administration. The 'Lombardian Enlightenment' was the product of the working together of these two forces. The chapter also examines the period of maximum cooperation between the imperial power and the progressive aristocracy of Milan and Lombardy in the 1760s and 1770s. Ultimately, it discusses the most progressive nobles during the time and the house of Count Pietro Verri: the self-styled Accademia dei Pugni or 'Academy of Fisticuffs.'

Imitation in the Age of Literary Property

2019 ◽  
pp. 335-373
Author(s):  
Colin Burrow
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
William Wordsworth ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Rights ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The One

This chapter shows how arguments about intellectual property in the eighteenth century changed attitudes towards imitatio, and explores the emergence of romantic poetics from earlier arguments about imitation. It begins by considering Alexander Pope’s Dunciad and its distinction between ‘parodies’ of vernacular authors on the one hand and ‘imitations’ of classical texts on the other. It then shows how John Locke’s theories of property and early eighteenth-century legislation about copyright complicated that distinction between classical and vernacular texts. Through an analysis of William Lauder’s accusations that Milton was a plagiarist it demonstrates both how the reception of Paradise Lost became central to arguments about intellectual property in the period, and also how the Lauder affair led to changes in the ways theorists wrote about imitatio. Milton came to be regarded as both a common good which could be imitated freely, and as the most authoritative example of proprietorial vernacular author. That influenced how he was in turn imitated by later vernacular writers. William Wordsworth in particular frequently associated Milton with landscapes and areas such as public rights of way, which were simultaneously common goods and private property. Wordsworth consequently transformed the ancient metaphor of the imitator following in the footsteps of an earlier author into a representation of the poet ranging freely over a land which is partly a common good, and partly what is still called a literary ‘estate’.

Does the Integrated Reporting's definition of human capital fit with the HR manager's perspective?

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-32
Author(s):  
Maurizio Cisi ◽  
Francesca Alice Centrone ◽  
Laura Corazza
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Purposive Sample ◽  
Over Time

The assessment of the organisation's ability to create value over time through its human capital (HC) is crucial for every business. Several definitions of HC ex-ist, quite ambiguous and not unique. This fuzziness is impacting, in turn, the busi-ness practice. This study is grounded on the concept of HC, as defined by the Inte-grated Reporting (IR) and it is focused on testing the self-identification of HR managers with the IR definition. With this work, authors want to question the in-clusivity of the definition of HC, as well as, its practical suitability, recurring to a theoretical framework called dialogic-polylogic accounting. A first exploration of the HC definition from the IR framework has been con-ducted, representing the cause-effect links and some reflections on its semantics. Furthermore, the opinion of a purposive sample of key informants HR managers is explored through a qualitative content analysis on 19 semi-structured interviews. Such key informants have a first-hand knowledge about the community of Italian HR managers, and they have no experience in IR representing the voice of ex-cluded, but potential users. Despite an initial sympathetic reaction, the HC practi-tioners stressed an excessive technical rigidity in IR definition, quite distant from their field experience on HC.

‘She Did but Take up Old Stories’: Generic Fluidity and Women‘s Life Writing of the Early Eighteenth Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Joule
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Life Writing ◽  
The Self ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Jane Barker ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century

In this article I demonstrate the significance of a flexible approach to examining the autobiographical in early eighteenth-century womens writing. Using ‘old stories’, existing and developing narrative and literary forms, womens autobiographical writing can be discovered in places other than the more recognizable forms such as diaries and memoirs. Jane Barker and Delarivier Manley‘s works are important examples of the dynamic and creative use of cross-genre autobiographical writing. The integration of themselves in their fictional and poetic works demonstrates the potential of generic fluidity for innovative ways to express and explore the self in textual forms.

A Local Analysis of Early-Eighteenth-Century Cherokee Settlement

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted L. Gragson ◽  
Paul V. Bolstad
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Southern Appalachia ◽  
Local Statistics ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Way

Results of an original analysis of Cherokee town placement and population c. 1721 are presented. Period and contemporary information were analyzed using local statistics to produce multivalued, mappable characterizations of the intensity of the processes of town placement and population. The analysis focuses on the scale and the space in which these processes took place among the Cherokee in order to open the way for examining the legacy of human-induced environmental change in southern Appalachia.

The Stage Career of Eliza Haywood

1964 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Elwood
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Jonathan Swift ◽  
Henry Fielding ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
Eliza Haywood ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Domestic Novel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Way

Female playwrights of varying degrees of quality were reasonably plentiful in late seventeenth and early eighteenth century England; but, except for Eliza Haywood, few of these playwrights doubled as actresses, at least with sufficient success for us to be aware of their talents. Even the stage career of Mrs. Haywood, one extending at least from 1715 to 1737, has not been documented in its entirety before now. It deserves attention because it adds some details to the scanty biography of this woman who is best known as a novelist, a novelist who turned out scandal chronicles long before Richardson made the novel morally acceptable, and who in 1751 produced what may be the first domestic novel in English,The History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless. Along the way she had some success as a publisher, as the first woman writer of a periodical for women, as a poet, and as a playwright and actress. It was her efforts in the theater that drew the attention of such men as Jonathan Swift and Richard Savage and brought her into a rather lengthy association with Henry Fielding. And it was her theatrical experience that contributed much to her eventual skill as a novelist. She liked the stage, and much of what we like in her later work she owed to the stage.

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