Theresa J. May. Earth Matters on Stage: Ecology and Environment in American Theater.

Modern Drama ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-510
Author(s):  
Angenette Spalink
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Theatre ◽  
American Theater ◽  
Ecology And Environment

In Earth Matters on Stage, Theresa J. May explores a range of significant plays and productions from crucial moments in the United States’ environmental history to demonstrate the myriad ways that American theatre has represented, challenged, and been complicit in environmental imperialism.

scholarly journals Italianness in the United States between migrants’ informal gardening practices and agricultural diplomacy (1880–1912)

Modern Italy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Gilberto Mazzoli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Political Radicalism

During the Age of Mass Migration more than four million Italians reached the United States. The experience of Italians in US cities has been widely explored: however, the study of how migrants adjusted in relation to nature and food production is a relatively recent concern. Due to a mixture of racism and fear of political radicalism, Italians were deemed to be undesirable immigrants in East Coast cities and American authorities had long perceived Italian immigrants as unclean, unhealthy and carriers of diseases. As a flipside to this narrative, Italians were also believed to possess a ‘natural’ talent for agriculture, which encouraged Italian diplomats and politicians to propose the establishment of agricultural colonies in the southern United States. In rural areas Italians could profit from their agricultural skills and finally turn into ‘desirable immigrants’. The aim of this paper is to explore this ‘emigrant colonialism’ through the lens of environmental history, comparing the Italian and US diplomatic and public discourses on the potential and limits of Italians’ agricultural skills.

American and International Whaling, c. 1770–1820

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
James R. Fichter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
National Boundaries

This chapter outlines an international environmental history of whaling in the South Seas (the Southern Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans). Pelagic (ie., deep-sea) whaling was not discretely national. “American” whaling, as traditionally understood, existed as part of a broader ecological and economic phenomenon which included whalers from other nations. Application of “American,” “British” and other national labels to an ocean process that by its nature crossed national boundaries has occluded a full understanding of whaling’s international nature, a fullness which begins with whaling community diaspora spread across the North Atlantic from the United States to Britain and France, and which extends to the varied locations where whalers hunted and the yet other locations to which they returned with their catch. Ocean archives—the Saint Helena Archive, the Cape Town Archive Repository, and the Brazilian Arquivo Nacional—and a reinterpretation of published primary sources and national whaling historiographies reveal the fundamentally international nature of “American” pelagic whaling, suggesting that an undue focus on US whaling data by whaling historians has likely underestimated the extent of turn-of-the-nineteenth-century pelagic whaling.

Nature’s Own Remedies

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-409
Author(s):  
Tamara Venit Shelton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Close Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
The Many ◽  
Deliberate Strategy

This article examines American perceptions of Chinese herbalism as natural medicine in the Progressive Era. In doing so, it uses the lens of environmental history to consider three meanings of nature for Chinese medicine in the United States: First, as a material, trans-Pacific environment where medicinal ingredients were procured, distributed, and consumed; second, as part of the evolving distinction between modern, scientific “regular” medicine and anti-modern, unscientific “irregular” medicine that reached a moment of crisis at the turn of the twentieth century; and third, as a reflection of the racialization of Chinese health practices co-created by Asian practitioners and their American patients, who were conditioned by Orientalist stereotypes to perceive Chinese culture as close to a pastoral or primitive nature. The close association between herbs and nature enabled Chinese doctors to thrive as “irregular” or “alternative” practitioners in the American medical marketplace. While American patients may have perceived Chinese medicine as closer to nature, the many meanings of nature reveal the extent to which the association was a deliberate strategy for survival and success adopted by Chinese doctors in the United States.

scholarly journals Hantavirus: An emerging global threat

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Pragnya S. Hangaragi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Global Threat

Hantaviruses (HVs) are globally emerging pathogens that can cause varied disease syndromes worldwide. HV infections spread to humans from their natural reservoirs, rodents. HV infection can cause severe diseases such as HV pulmonary syndrome or “HV cardiopulmonary syndrome” and “hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome” in humans through contact with infected rodents urine, feces, saliva, and blood droppings. There has been significant improvement in the understanding of the epidemiology, pathological process, and environmental history of HV infectious after an increase in the number of outbursts in the United States of America and Pan- American countries. Many cases have been reported in India also since 1964. The main objective of this paper is to present an overview of the HV infection, which can be an emerging global threat.

Censorship of the American Theatre in the Twentieth Century. By John Houchin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003; pp. ix + 332. $75 cloth.

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Barry B. Witham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
American Theatre ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Angels In America

Censorship is an intriguing lens through which to view theatre in the United States because it allows us to glimpse—at moments—how theatre participates in the life of a society in truly meaningful ways. These moments appeal to John Houchin, as I suspect they do to many of us who yearn to find significance in live performance and who toil in the backwater of vapid and violent film and television. Censorship, whether it be of Sapho or Angels in America, enrages and harms, but it also crystallizes the debate between those who believe the arts should support the normative culture and those who believe the theatre's obligation is to challenge authority.

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