Medicinal Marijuana Production Creates Problem Residential Properties: A Routine Activity Theory Explanation and a Situational Crime-Prevention Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Joseph Clare ◽  
Len Garis ◽  
Paul Maxim
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Situational Crime Prevention ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Residential Properties

scholarly journals Organized crime, situational crime prevention and routine activity theory

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward R. Kleemans ◽  
Melvin R. J. Soudijn ◽  
Anton W. Weenink
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Situational Crime Prevention ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity

The Theory and Practice of Situational Crime Prevention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald V. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Situational Crime Prevention ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Pattern Theory ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Sound Foundation

Situational crime prevention is radically different from other forms of crime prevention as it seeks only to reduce opportunities for crime, not bring about lasting change in criminal or delinquent dispositions. Proceeding from an analysis of the circumstances giving rise to very specific kinds of crime and disorder, it introduces discrete managerial and environmental modifications to change the opportunity structure for those crimes to occur—not just the immediate physical and social settings in which the crimes occur, but also the wider societal arrangements that make the crimes possible. It is therefore focused on the settings for crime, not on delinquents or criminals. Rather than punishing them or seeking to eliminate criminal dispositions through improvement of society or its institutions, it tries to make criminal action less attractive. It does this in five main ways: (1) by increasing the difficulties of crime, (2) by increasing the immediate risks of getting caught, (3) by reducing the rewards of offending, (4) by removing excuses for offending, and (5) by reducing temptations and provocations. It accomplishes these ends by employing an action research methodology to identify design and management changes that can be introduced with minimum social and economic costs. Central to this enterprise is not the criminal justice system but a host of public and private organizations and agencies—schools, hospitals, transit systems, shops and malls, manufacturing businesses and phone companies, local parks and entertainment facilities, pubs and parking lots—whose products, services, and operations spawn opportunities for a vast range of different crimes. Some criminologists believe that the efforts that these organizations and agencies have made in the past 20 or 30 years to protect themselves from crime are responsible for the recorded crime drops in many countries. Situational crime prevention rests on a sound foundation of criminological theories—routine activity theory, crime pattern theory, and the rational choice perspective—all of which hold that opportunity plays a part in every form of crime or disorder. There is therefore no form of crime that cannot be addressed by situational crime prevention. To date, more than 250 evaluated successes of situational crime prevention have been reported, covering an increasingly wide array of crimes including terrorism and organized crimes. Many of the studies have found little evidence that situational interventions have resulted in the “displacement” of crime to other places, times, targets, methods, or forms of crime. Indeed, it is commonly found that the benefits of situational crime prevention diffuse beyond the immediately targeted crimes. Despite these successes, situational crime prevention continues to attract much criticism for its supposed social and ethical costs.

scholarly journals Examination of Routine Activities Theory by the property crime

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uğur Argun ◽  
Murat Dağlar
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
The Many ◽  
Causes Of Crime

The studies on crime prevention, causes of crime and the theories associated with it are very essential topics in criminology. Routine Activities Theory (RAT) is also the basis for the many criminological theories. Although it has some shortcomings it is very usual that the theorists and practitioners on crime prevention can benefit from such a strong theory. This study explains the applicability of Routine Activities Theory in prevention and reducing of property crimes in the context of some parameters related to burglary and auto theft incidents in US. The study aims to give some information of the routine activity theory and investigate its relationship with prevention of property crimes. The results of study suggest that Routine Activity Theory may be used as a useful tool by crime reduction or prevention practitioners to evaluate crime problems and also take routine precautions and measures that reduce crime opportunities in people’s daily activities.

Crime prevention in terms of criminal intent criteria in white-collar crime

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 838-844
Author(s):  
Tage Alalehto
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pattern Theory ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Actus Reus ◽  
Potential Offender

Purpose In the field of crime prevention there are several theoretical approaches explaining why crime occurs and how to prevent it. Three of them – routine activity theory, crime pattern theory and the theory of crime-as-choice – are logically tested in this work. The point of departure is to test if the theories are logical consistent and logical valid, irrespective of whether the criterion for criminal intent is changed from direct intention to negligence. Design/methodology/approach The issues will be explored in a logical structure by a first-order logic propositional analysis. Findings The analysis shows that all three theories are logical consistent, but only routine activity theory is logical valid. The conclusion is that crime prevention should in general assume that routine activity theory is the legitimate theory and that social prevention as a prevention strategy is logically unnecessary to adopt because it does not matter whether the offender is motivated (direct intention) or not (negligence). Practical implications It does not really matter if the authors theoretically treat white-collar offenders as motivated, because if they have committed an actus reus, they are an offender according to the objective requisites. This means that the best strategies to prevent a potential white-collar criminal are situational prevention, i.e. complicate their access to money, where it becomes irrelevant if the potential offender has a mens rea or not. What counts is the prevention of actus reus by a potential offender. Originality/value As far as I know, no one has previously investigated the logical consistency and/or logical validity of routine activity theory, crime pattern theory and the theory of crime-as-choice as theories of crime prevention.

Harmonising Road Transport Legislation in the SADC Region for Crime Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-55
Author(s):  
Shaka Yesufu
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Situational Crime Prevention ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Member States ◽  
Prevention Theory

The Southern African Development Community (SADC) is an organisation that aims to facilitate cooperation between the governments of its Member States through a set of goals. SADC uses protocols as an instrument of coordination of its Member States on Transport, Communications and Meteorology endeavours to harmonise various aspects of traffic and transportation in the region. The researcher relies on carrying out an extensive literature review, consulting secondary data, official government publications and review of case studies. This article is informed by both the routine activity theory and situational crime prevention theory. It was found that the SADC regional body still has several barriers to overcome before a successful harmonisation stage to prevent crime will be achieved by Member States. Regional cooperation is needed amongst Member States to prevent organised borderless crime like human trafficking, drugs trafficking, fraud and money laundering, car-hijacking and terrorism.

The Predictability of Routine Activity Theory for Cyberbullying Victimization Among Children and Youth: Risk and Protective Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199743
Author(s):  
Dana Aizenkot
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Activity Theory ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
School Year ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization

Cyberbullying has been pervading worldwide with negative implications for victims. Therefore, there is an urgent need to better understand this phenomenon and the factors that predict it, as the basis for effective prevention and intervention efforts. The current research aims to examine routine activity theory (RAT) as a theoretical framework predictive of cyberbullying victimization (CV) among children and youth. It was hypothesized that each of the RAT measures and the convergence of all measures predict CV. Data were collected from 5,719 primary, middle, and high school Israeli students (51.9% females) during the 2019–2020 school year via online questionnaires. Regression and moderation analyses were conducted to assess the predictability of CV from RAT measures, separately and converged. All RAT measures, separately and converged, predict CV. While off-line trust negatively predicts CV, other control variables, that is, online trust, educational institution phase, and gender, do not. Implications for school programs and guidelines for parents address the risk and protective factors of CV found. This study provides support for the predictability of CV from RAT and expands the knowledge of risk and protective factors predictive of CV.

Why Individual Employees Commit Malicious Computer Abuse: A Routine Activity Theory Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1552-1593
Author(s):  
Xin (Robert) Luo ◽  
◽  
Han Li ◽  
Qing Hu ◽  
Heng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Computer Abuse

scholarly journals Cyber victimization within the Routine Activity Theory Framework in the Digital Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-291
Author(s):  
Solbey Morillo Puente ◽  
Iván Neftalí Ríos Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Cyber Victimization ◽  
Victimization Questionnaire ◽  
Theory Framework

This quantitative-based research determined whether the routine activity theory influences cyber victimization. To measure the dimensions of the theory, defined as exposure to a motivated offender, suitable online target, and absence of a capable guardian, a valid and reliable questionnaire was used. The cyber victimization questionnaire developed by Álvarez-García, Dobarro, and Núñez was applied to 1,285 students selected at random from schools in Colombia. Findings: 46% are identified as exposed to a motivated offender, 37.5% are suitable online targets, and 29.8% have no capable guardians. The interdependence of these three elements revealed that 3.9% of students are at risk due to their routine activities, which had a significant influence on cyber victimization. It is proposed that these findings should be considered in the design of communicative and educational policies aimed at a responsible use of technologies.

scholarly journals Covid 19 dan Angka Kriminalitas: Penerapan Teori-Teori Kriminologi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahrati Fadhilah Taufiq
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Opportunity Theory

AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang angka kriminalitas di Indonesia pada masa pandemic Covid 19 dengan menganalisis beberapa teori-teori kriminologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian  yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat (3) teori yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk menganalisis adanya kejahatan pada masa pandemic, yaitu Opportunity Theory, Teori Kontrol Sosial, Routine Activity Theory. Teori ini dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya kejahatan selama pandemi, dan akhirnya memperhitungkan kebijakan-kebijakan yang akan diambil untuk kedepannya.  Kata Kunci : Covid 19, Angka Kejahatan, Teori Kriminologi.

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