scholarly journals Defining Land Use in a Context of Proximity: Politics of Community Recognition and Identity Dynamics in Washaw Sibi

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lessard
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Drainage Area ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
The Way

In the mid-2000s, in the Upper Harricana River drainage area, the Abitibiwinni and Washaw Sibi groups may be said to have “overlapping claims.” This article presents a historical overview of the area, emphasising interactions between groups and the way group identities were arbitrarily assigned by colonisers and gradually associated with residence. Ethnographic data underlines how family hunting territories played a pivotal social role for the subsistence of marginalised families. The idea that the claims of these groups “overlap” emerged recently, despite documented historical forms of coexistence, kinship ties and hunting partnerships between the Abitibiwinnik and Cree.

The multiple landscapes of Biedjovággi: Ontological conflicts on indigenous land

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Kramvig ◽  
Dag Avango
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Indigenous Land ◽  
The Way

Abstract In this article, we engage with environmental conflicts on indigenous land through a focus on an attempt to gain social licence to reopen and operate the Biedjovággi mine in Guovdageainnu/Kautokeino in Sápmi, Norway. We argue that mining prospects bring forth ontological conflicts concerning land use, as well as ways to know the landscape and the envisioned future that the land holds. It is a story of a conflict between two different ways of knowing. The paper explores the Sámi landscape through different concepts, practices and stories. We then contrast this to the way the same landscape is understood and narrated by a mining company, through the programmes and documents produced according to the Norwegian law and standards. We follow Ingold’s argument that the Sámi landscape practices are taskscapes, where places, times and tasks are interconnected. These were not acknowledged in the plans and documents of the mining company. We conclude by addressing the tendency of extractive industries to reduce different landscapes in ways that fit with modern understandings, which oppose culture to nature.

The queer time of death: Temporality, geopolitics, and refugee rights

Sexualities ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Shakhsari
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Way

Using the ethnographic data from interviews with the Iranian queer and transgender refugee applicants in Turkey, the UNHCR, and NGOs in Istanbul, Ankara, Denizli, Kayseri, and Nevsehir, I explore the way that refugee rights as a temporally and spatially contingent concept normalizes queer and transgender refugee subjects, while managing the lives and deaths of different populations. Through examining the chronopolitics and geopolitics of rights within the refugee discourse, I point to inconsistencies in the universality of human rights and argue that while the designation of an act as “violation of human rights” committed by states or citizens, is arbitrary and contingent on the place and time of the act, the recognition of the refugee in the human rights regimes relies on essentialist and timeless notions of identity that travel in the teleological time of progress. The Iranian queer and trans refugees in Turkey are suspended in an in-between zone of recognition where rightfulness and rightlessness come together in a temporal standstill. The “protection” of trans and queer refugees under the rhetoric of rights in this in-between zone is tied to the management of life and death of populations through the politics of rightful killing.

scholarly journals The identity of Pseudomystus moeschii (Boulenger, 1890), with the description of two new species of bagrid catfishes from Southeast Asia (Teleostei: Bagridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 851 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEOK HEE NG ◽  
KELVIN K.P. LIM
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Other ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
Posterior Process ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Way

The identity of the poorly known bagrid catfish Pseudomystus moeschii (Boulenger, 1890) is clarified and the species redescribed. Two new species of closely related bagrid catfishes are also described: Pseudomystus carnosus from the Way Seputih River drainage in the province of Lampung in the southern tip of Sumatra, and P. fumosus from the Pahang River drainage in eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Pseudomystus carnosus, P. fumosus and P. moeschii can be distinguished from congeners in having an enlarged posterior process of the post-temporal, presence of long hair-like epithelial projections on the skin and long tubular extensions of the sensory pores. Pseudomystus carnosus differs from the other two species in having a pointed (vs. rounded) tip of the nuchal shield, while P. fumosus differs from the other two species in having very well developed procurrent caudal rays which are sinuously curved along the anterior edges (vs. less developed procurrent caudal rays that slope evenly along the edges). A lectotype is designated for P. moeschii.

Anthropology, Class and the ‘Big Heads’: An Ethnography of Distinctions between ‘Rough’ and ‘Posh’ amongst Women Workers in the UK Pottery Industry

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hart
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Pottery Industry ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Global Corporation ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Working Class Women ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Way

In the context of the take-over by a global corporation (Royal Doulton) of a family-owned and run pottery factory in Longton Stoke-on-Trent, known as ‘Beswick’, and the subsequent re-structuring of production, this paper explores the way in which women pottery workers make social distinctions between the ‘rough’ and ‘posh’, ‘proper paintresses’ and ‘big heads’ which cut into and across abstract sociological notions of class. Drawing on ethnographic data I show that for these working class women, class as lived is inherently ambiguous and contradictory and reveal the ways in which class is gendered. I build on historical and sociological studies of the pottery industry, and anthropological and related debates on class, as well as Frankenberg's study of a Welsh village, to develop my argument and draw analogies between factory and village at a number of levels. My findings support the view that class is best understood not as an abstract generalising category, but in the local and specific contexts of women's working lives. I was the first one in our family to go in decorating end and they thought I was a bit stuck-up. My sister was in clay end as a cup-handler and I had used to walk off factory without her, or wait for her to leave before I left, though she said, ‘If it wasn't for me you wouldn't have anything to paint!’ They were much freer in the clay end – had more to do with men – we thought we were one up. 1

scholarly journals Land for agriculture? Conflicts and synergies between land use in two parts of Scandinavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Elin Slätmo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Commercial Enterprise ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
The Way

When space is limited, there is often conflict over land use such as agriculture, nature conservation, housing, business and commercial enterprise. More knowledge is needed about the substance of such conflicts and the way the various uses are handled and spatially organised. Using empirical material collected in Hållnäs, Sweden, and Sandnes, Norway, between 2009 and 2012, this paper addresses the potential conflicts and synergies between the different uses of land, with agriculture as a reference point. In combining and comparing the results from Hållnäs and Sandnes, the way in which relations differ between them are also scrutinised. Through planning documents, interviews with officials in public authorities, active farmers, non-governmental organisations (NGO) and field visits, case-specific land uses are identified in the two areas. The conflicting and synergetic relations between agriculture and other ways the land is used are identified and illustrated by schematic models. The results indicate that agriculture is both in synergy and in conflict with other land uses. In the cases investigated in this study, the primary areas of conflict are between agriculture and biodiversity, between agriculture and cultural heritage, and between agriculture and climate-smart initiatives in terms of dense building structures.

scholarly journals Gis Approach Of Inundation Analysis In The Dongjiang(East River) Drainage Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1063-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaixiang Liu ◽  
Yongjun Lu ◽  
Zhaoyin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Area ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
East River

The Archaeology of Ancestors: The Saxe/Goldstein Hypothesis Revisited

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Morris
Keyword(s):  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Specific Instance ◽  
Archaeological Interpretation ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Dead ◽  
New Archaeology ◽  
The Way

Since the mid-1980s, debates between competing schools of archaeological interpretation have become more theoretical and abstruse, moving away from confrontations over specific methods of analyzing our data. This article reopens arguments over one of the more controversial propositions of the New Archaeology - Saxe's claim that the emergence of formal cemeteries corresponds to the appearance of agnatic lineages monopolizing vital resources through inheritance. The hypothesis is examined in three ways: through a generalized ethnological model; through specific ethnographic data from Taiwan and Kenya; and through a historical comparison of Athens from 500 to 100 BC and Rome from 200 BC to AD 200. It is argued that all three methods lead to a similar conclusion, that many societies do indeed talk about the dead in the way the Saxe/Goldstein hypothesis maintains, but that in any specific instance the cemetery/property message may well be subverted by other arguments which the buriers are making.

Marriage and Lineal Authentication

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadav Samin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Values ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Marriage Patterns ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines marriage patterns in Arabian history and how knowledge of these patterns became a key element of Saudi Arabia's modern genealogical culture. It begins with a review of new historical evidence from the central Arabian oasis town of al-Ghāt, which reveals the way marital patterns preserve knowledge about premodern status hierarchies. It then considers Hamad al-Jāsir's use of marital patterns as a tool of lineal authentication, a practice epitomized in his study of a historically maligned Arabian tribe, Bāhila. It also shows how al-Jāsir made use of Arabian marital patterns as a form of ethnographic data that could serve as a basis for rehabilitating the reputation of historically maligned Arabian tribes and advancing a nativist ethical blueprint for modern Saudi society in which tribal and religious values could cohere harmoniously against perceived external threats.

Archaeology and Environmental Anthropology: Collaborations in Historical and Political Ecology

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Fairhead
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
West African ◽  
Environmental Anthropology ◽  
Environmental Archaeology ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the importance of integrating archaeological perspectives within contemporary environmental anthropology. It does this through exposing key questions raised by environmental anthropologists concerning West African relations with soil and forests that can only be addressed through collaboration with archaeological investigation (see also Balée, Chapter 3 this volume). Environmental anthropological research has been particularly important in revealing the ecological knowledge and environmental practices of land users and how these practices interplay with ecological and economic processes in the shaping of landscapes. This research has systematically undermined a paradigm of environmental reasoning that equates land use with the progressive degradation of otherwise ‘natural’, ‘equilibrial’, or ‘pristine’ environments (whether of soils, forests, or faunal assemblages). Whilst equilibrial ecology is apparently no longer upheld in ecological sciences either, in its shift to non-equilibrium ecology and recognition of path dependency, and whilst nature is no longer so easily configured simply as the absence of people, assumptions rooted in such simplistic ideas of nature still strongly inform and mislead the way West African environments are understood and problematized. Anthropologically derived critiques of the way landscapes are understood have been associated with a rereading of the history of those landscapes. Yet given how oral historical and anthropologically derived historical evidence can so easily be delegitimized and dismissed by apparently ‘harder’ sciences, environmental archaeology becomes a crucial player in these debates. In this brief chapter I shall focus on two key debates which can only be resolved (or reconceptualized) through environmental archaeology. The first of these concerns the degradation (or otherwise) of soils and vegetation linked to farming in West Africa’s Guinea savannah and forest-savannah transition zones. The second concerns the legacy of past land use on current ‘old growth’ forest in the Central and West African humid forest zones. These are not only interesting debates, but are at the heart of sustainable development policy deliberation in West Africa. The continued power of the paradigm in environmental reasoning that equates land use with the progressive degradation of otherwise ‘natural’ or ‘pristine’ environments is visible in the way that landscape features are often interpreted uncritically as ‘relicts’ of that nature.

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