scholarly journals Modelling the sea level of the upper Bay of Fundy

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Dupont ◽  
Charles G. Hannah ◽  
David Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Bay Of Fundy

Pattern of recent vertical crustal movements in Maritime Canada

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Vaníček
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
First Order ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Velocity Surface ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
Vertical Crustal Movements

A surface depicting linear vertical movements in Maritime Canada was computed from sea-level data recorded by 8 tide guages and 308 mostly disjoint, relevelled segments of the first-order Canadian levelling network. Owing to the sparsity of the available data and their distribution, the velocity surface must be regarded as indicative of the crude features only. The indications are that there is a west-northwest trending belt of faster subsidence across the eastern end of the Bay of Fundy, and that there may be an area of uplift in northeastern New Brunswick. Although the faster subsidence around the eastern Bay of Fundy seems to be well established now, more data are needed to prove or dispel the existence of the indicated uplift.

Historical rates of salt marsh accretion on the outer Bay of Fundy

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail L Chmura ◽  
Laurie L Helmer ◽  
C Beth Beecher ◽  
Elsie M Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Pollen Stratigraphy ◽  
Accretion Rates ◽  
Marsh Accretion

We examine rates of salt marsh accumulation in three marshes of the outer Bay of Fundy. At each marsh we selected a site in the high marsh with similar vegetation, and thus similar elevation. Accretion rates were estimated by 137Cs, 210Pb, and pollen stratigraphy to estimate rates of change over periods of 30, 100, and ~170 years, respectively. These rates are compared with records from the two closest tide gauges (Saint John, New Brunswick, and Eastport, Maine) to assess the balance of recent marsh accretion and sea-level change. Averaged marsh accretion rates have ranged from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 4.4 ± 1.6 mm·year–1 over the last two centuries. Recent rates are similar to the rate of sea-level change recorded at Eastport, Maine, suggesting that they are in step with recent sea-level change but very sensitive to short-term variation in relative sea level. Based on the pollen stratigraphy in the marsh sediments, the marsh accretion rate was higher during the late 18th to early 19th century. Higher rates probably were due to local increases in relative sea level as a result of neotectonic activity and may have been enhanced by increased sediment deposition through ice rafting.

Effects of relative sea level change on the depositional character of an embayed beach, Bay of Fundy, Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 239 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 143-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin E. Dashtgard ◽  
Richardo O. White ◽  
Karl E. Butler ◽  
Murray K. Gingras
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Level Change

scholarly journals The implications of the Pineo Ridge readvance in Maine

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold W. Borns ◽  
Terence J. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Laurentide Ice Sheet ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Ice Streams ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Major Consequence ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North

Much of the Laurentide ice sheet in Maine, Atlantic Provinces, and southern Quebec was a "marine ice sheet," that is it was grounded below the prevailing sea level. When proper conditions prevailed, calving bays progressed into the ice sheet along ice streams partitioning it, leaving those portions grounded above sea level as residual ice caps. At least by 12,800 yrs. BP a calving bay had progressed up the St. Lawrence Lowland at least to Ottawa while a similar, but less extensive calving bay developed in Central Maine at approximately the same time. Concurrently, ice draining north into the St. Lawrence and south into the Central Maine calving bays rapidly lowered the surface of the intervening ice sheet until it eventually divided over the NE-SW trending Boundary and Longfellow Mountains and probably over other highland areas as well. A major consequence of these nearly simultaneous processes was the separation of an initial large ice cap over part of Maine, New Brunswick, and Québec which was bounded on the west by the calving bay in Central Maine, to the north by the calving bay in the St. Lawrence Lowland, to the south by the Bay of Fundy, and to the east by the Gulf of St. Lawrence. In coastal Maine, east of the calving bay, the margin of the ice cap receded above the marine limit at least 40 km and subsequently read-vanced terminating at Pineo Ridge moraine approximately 12,700 yrs. BP. These events are the stratigraphie and chronologic equivalent of the Cary-Pt. Huron recession/Pt. Huron readvance of the Great Lakes region.

Catastrophic tidal expansion in the Bay of Fundy, CanadaEarth Sciences Sector (ESS) Contribution 20090423.

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Shaw ◽  
Carl L. Amos ◽  
David A. Greenberg ◽  
Charles T. O’Reilly ◽  
D. Russell Parrott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Tidal Amplification

Tidal models for the Bay of Fundy, Canada — site of the highest recorded modern tide — show that tidal amplification began in the early Holocene and by ca. 5000 BP the range was almost 80% of the present range. Empirical data consisting of 146 sea-level index points and other observations appear to contradict model results. Aggregated relative sea-level data for Chignecto Bay and Minas Basin show that rapid tidal expansion began ca. 3400 BP. However, if we separate these two geographically separate data sets, evidence for this rapid late-Holocene tidal expansion is confined to Minas Basin. We explain this singularity by positing a barrier at the mouth of Minas Basin, at the Minas Passage, that delayed tidal expansion. With the rapid breakdown of this barrier and near-instantaneous tidal expansion, water temperature dropped, tidal currents and turbidity increased, and the form of the inner estuary was changed from lagoonal–mesotidal to macrotidal. We argue that the catastrophic breakdown of the barrier is related in the aboriginal legend of Glooscap, showing that aboriginal peoples observed the rapid environmental changes and preserved an oral record for 3400 years.

Relative sea-level rise and tidal development in the Fundy tidal system

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1554-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Scott ◽  
David A. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
High Water ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Tidal Amplitude ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Tidal Model ◽  
Level Curves ◽  
Almost All

Previous studies of sea-level and tidal amplification in the Bay of Fundy suggested a linear increase of tidal amplitude as relative sea level rose. New data presented here are used in a numerical tidal model in an effort to reproduce paleotidal regimes over the last 7000 years. Five new sea-level curves covering the last 4000 years and some previously published data extending the record back to 7000 years before present (BP) are used as the data base. These data, when used together with the tidal model, indicate that tidal amplitudes increased much more rapidly between 7000 and 4000 years ago than in the period 4000 years ago to present. It is also shown that changes in depth within the Bay of Fundy produce little effect on the tidal amplitudes, whereas such variations in water depth on Georges Bank account for almost all the change. This calculation of tidal-amplitude changes allows calibration of sea-level curves to be made for the Bay of Fundy using higher high-water (HHW) indicators.

Recent coastal submergence of the Maritime Provinces, Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 676-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
High Tide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Maritime Provinces

Hydrographic, archeologic, and geologic evidence indicates that for the last 4000 y the Maritime Provinces have been submerging three to five times faster than the 6 cm/century rate of eustatic rise of sea level. After correcting for the eustatic change, the Bay of Fundy shows an anomalous submergence of 24 cm/century, of which at least 15 cm/century is probably due mainly to rise of high tide, or increase of tidal range, beginning 4000–6000 y ago as eustatic sea-level rise widened and deepened the entrance to the Gulf of Maine. Submergence of the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, on the other hand, exceeds the eustatic rate by 9 cm/century, which can be largely explained by new mathematical models as isostatic subsidence of the earth's crust as the sea deepened eustatically over the continental shelf. Only a small part of the residual anomalies of 9 cm and 4 cm/century for the Fundy and Atlantic coasts, respectively, can be attributed to a combination of additional subsidence due to geosynclinal downwarping and relaxation of a possible glacier-margin peripheral bulge, thereby implicating other modes of regional crustal lowering.

Holocene sea levels, paleoceanography, and late glacial ice configuration near the Northumberland Strait, Maritime Provinces

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Scott ◽  
Franco S. Medioli ◽  
Ann A. L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Present Rate ◽  
Nova Scotian

Work on new cores from old core sites in Baie Verte, New Brunswick, led to the identification of submerged salt-marsh peats, reported earlier as freshwater ones. A comprehensive sea-level curve, between 9 and 15 m below present, is based on marsh foraminiferal assemblages. These data indicate that between 4500 and 5400 BP relative sea-level (RSL) rise was comparatively slow (about 10 cm/100 years); the rate increased dramatically between 4500 and 4000 BP (1 m/100 years) and decreased between 2000 and 4000 BP to its present rate of 15 cm/100 years. We suggest RSL was falling before 5400 BP and that the sequence in our deepest core is similar to some observed in the Bay of Fundy and Nova Scotian Atlantic coast where early RSL fall is documented. To account for this sea-level record and others nearby we suggest that the ice history here is complex, with three separate ice caps thinning towards this area in late glacial times.Earlier work also indicated a number of sediment sequences barren of benthonic foraminifera, suggesting a complex marine–freshwater history for the area. The study of new cores containing the same sequences indicates no barren zones but a simple transgressive sequence with a warm-water calcareous fauna followed by an agglutinated transitional estuarine foraminiferal fauna.

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